34
Views
27
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Therian Petrosals From the Oldman and Milk River Formations (Late Cretaceous), Alberta, Canada

&
Pages 122-130 | Received 12 Apr 1993, Accepted 18 Nov 1993, Published online: 24 Aug 2010

LITERATURE CITED

  • Aitkin , H. M. , Gates , G. R. and Kenyon , D. E. 1979 . Some peripheral auditory characteristics of the marsupial brushtailed possum, Trichosurus vulpecula . Journal of Experimental Zoology , 209 : 317 – 322 .
  • Allin , E. F. and Hopson , J. A. 1992 . “ Evolution of the auditory system in Synapsida (“mammal-like reptiles” and primitive mammals) as seen in the fossil record; ” . In The Evolutionary Biology of Hearing Edited by: Webster , D. B. , Fay , R. R. and Popper , A. N. 587 – 614 . New York : Springer-Verlag .
  • Archibald , J. D. 1979 . Oldest known eutherian stapes and a marsupial petrosal bone from the Late Cretaceous of North America . Nature , 281 : 669 – 670 .
  • Baird , I. L. 1974 . “ Anatomical features of the inner ear in submammalian vertebrates; ” . In Handbook of Sensory Physiology Edited by: Keidel , W. D. and Neff , W. D. Vol. V-1: Auditory System , 159 – 212 . Anatomy, Physiology (Ear). Springer-Verlag, New York
  • Clemens , W. A. 1966 . Fossil mammals of the type Lance Formation, Wyoming. Part II. Marsupialia . University of California Publications in Geological Sciences , 62 : 1 – 122 .
  • Evans , H. E. and Christensen , G. C. 1979 . Miller's Anatomy of the Dog, 2nd ed 1181 Philadelphia : W. B. Saunders Company .
  • Fernández , C. and Schmidt , R. S. 1963 . The opossum ear and evolution of the coiled cochlea . Journal of Comparative Neurology , 121 : 151 – 159 .
  • Fox , R. C. 1972 . A primitive therian mammal from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 9 : 1479 – 1494 .
  • Fox , R. C. 1976 . Additions to the mammalian local fauna from the Upper Milk River Formation . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 13 : 1105 – 1118 .
  • Fox , R. C. 1979 . Mammals from the Upper Cretaceous Oldman Formation, Alberta. III. Eutheria . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 16 : 114 – 125 .
  • Fox , R. C. 1980 . Picopsis pattersoni, n. gen. and sp., an unusual therian from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta, and the classification of primitive tribosphenic mammals . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 17 : 1489 – 1498 .
  • Fox , R. C. 1981 . Mammals from the Upper Cretaceous Oldman Formation, Alberta. V. Eodelphis Matthew, and the evolution of the Stagodontidae . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 18 : 350 – 365 .
  • Fox , R. C. 1984 . Paranyctoides maleficus (new species), an early eutherian mammal from the Cretaceous of Alberta. Special Publication . Carnegie Museum of Natural History , 9 : 9 – 20 .
  • Fox , R. C. and Naylor , B. G. 1986 . A new species of Didelphodon Marsh (Marsupialia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada: paleobiology and phylogeny . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontology , 172 : 357 – 380 .
  • Gates , G. R. , Saunders , J. C. , Bock , G. R. , Aitkin , L. M. and Elliott , M. A. 1974 . Peripheral auditory function in the platypus, Ornithorhynchus platypus . Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , 56 : 152 – 156 .
  • Gray , A. A. 1908 . An investigation on the anatomical structure and relationships of the labyrinth in the reptile, the bird, and the mammal . Proceedings of the Royal Society , B80 : 507 – 528 .
  • Gray , H. 1959 . Anatomy of the Human Body, 27th ed 1458 Philadelphia : Lea and Febiger .
  • Hahn , G. 1988 . Die Ohr-Region der Paulchoffatiidae (Multituberculata, Ober-Jura) . Palaeovertebrata , 18 : 155 – 185 .
  • Kermack , K. A. 1963 . The cranial structure of the triconodonts . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London , 246 : 83 – 103 .
  • Kermack , K. A. and Mussett , F. 1983 . The ear in mammal-like reptiles and early mammals . Acta Palaeontologica , 28 : 147 – 158 .
  • Kermack , K. A. , Mussett , F. and Rigney , H. W. 1981 . The skull of Morganucodon . Zoological Journal of Linnean Society of London , 71 : 1 – 158 .
  • Kielan-Jaworowska , Z. , Presley , R. and Poplin , C. 1986 . The cranial vascular system in taeniolabidoid multituberculate mammals . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (B) , 313 : 525 – 602 .
  • Lewis , E. R. , Leverenz , E. L. and Bialek , W. S. 1985 . The Vertebrate Inner Ear 248 Florida : CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton .
  • Lillegraven , J. A. and McKenna , M. C. 1986 . Fossil mammals from the “Mesaverde” Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Big Horn and Wind River basins, Wyoming with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American land mammal “ages.” . American Museum Novitates , 2840 : 1 – 68 .
  • Lorente de Nó , R. The sensory endings in the cochlea . Laryngoscope , 47 373 – 377 .
  • Luo , Z. 1989 . Structure of the petrosals of Multituberculata (Mammalia) and morphology of the molars of early Arctocyonids (Condylarthra, Mammalia) 426 Ph.D. thesis, University of California at Berkeley
  • Luo , Z. and Ketten , D. R. 1991 . CT scanning and computerized reconstructions of the inner ear of multituberculate mammals . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 11 : 220 – 228 .
  • MacIntyre , G. T. 1972 . “ The trisulcate petrosal pattern of mammals; ” . In Evolutionary Biology Edited by: Dobzhansky , T. , Hecht , M. K. and Steere , W. C. Vol. 6 , 275 – 302 . New York : Appleton-Century-Crofts .
  • MacPhee , R. D. E. 1981 . Auditory regions of primates and eutherian insectivores: morphology, ontogeny, and character analysis , Contributions to Primatology 18 282
  • Matthew , W. D. 1916 . A marsupial from the Belly River Cretaceous. With critical observations upon the affinities of the Cretaceous Mammalia . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 35 : 477 – 500 .
  • Novacek , M. J. 1986 . The skull of leptictid insectivorans and the higher-level classification of eutherian mammals . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 183 : 1 – 111 .
  • Pritchard , U. 1881 . The cochlea of the Ornithorhynchus platypus compared with that of ordinary mammals and of birds . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London , 172 : 267 – 282 .
  • Rougier , G. W. , Wible , J. R. and Hopson , J. A. 1992 . Reconstruction of the cranial vessels in the early Cretaceous mammal Vincelestes neuquenianus: implications for the evolution of the mammalian cranial vascular system . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 12 : 188 – 216 .
  • Segall , W. 1970 . Morphological parallelisms of the bulla and auditory ossicles in some insectivores and marsupials. Fieldiana . Zoology , 51 : 169 – 205 .
  • Spoendlin , H. 1972 . Innervation densities of the cochlea . Acta Otolaryngology , 73 : 235 – 248 .
  • West , C. D. 1985 . The relationship of the spiral turns of the cochlea and the length of the basilar membrane to the range of audible frequencies in ground dwelling mammals . Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , 77 : 1091 – 1101 .
  • Wible , J. R. 1987 . The eutherian stapedial artery: character analysis and implications for superordinal relationships . Zoological Journal of Linnean Society , 91 : 107 – 135 .
  • Wible , J. R. 1990 . Petrosals of Late Cretaceous marsupials from North America, and a cladistic analysis of the petrosal in therian mammals . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 10 : 183 – 205 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.