918
Views
45
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Vertebrate paleontology of the Cloverly Formation (Lower Cretaceous), I: faunal composition, biogeographic relationships, and sampling

, &
Pages 264-292 | Received 21 Jan 2012, Accepted 30 Jul 2012, Published online: 05 Mar 2013

LITERATURE CITED

  • Agassiz , L. 1833 . Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles, Volume 1 (1e livraison) . Imprimérie de Petitpierre, Neuchâtel , : 1 – 16 .
  • Agassiz , L. 1837 . Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles, Volume 3 (8e–9e livraisons) . Imprimérie de Petitpierre, Neuchâtel , : viii – 72 .
  • Agassiz , L. 1838 . Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles, Volume 3 (11e livraison) . Imprimérie de Petitpierre, Neuchâtel , : 73 – 140 .
  • Agassiz , L. 1843 . Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles, Volume 3 (15e–16e livraisons) . Imprimérie de Petitpierre, Neuchâtel , : 157 – 390 .
  • Agirrezabala , L. M. , Torres , J. A. and Viera , L. I. 1985 . El Weald de Igea (Cameros–La Rioja). Sedimentología, bioestratigrafía y paleoicnología de grandes reptiles (dinosaurios) . Munibe , 37 : 111 – 138 .
  • Arambourg , C. and Bertin , L. 1958 . “ Super-ordres des holostéens et des halecostomes (Holostei et Halecostomi) ” . In Traité de Zoologie: Anatomie, Systématique, Biologie, Tome 13, Fascule 3: Agnathes et Poissons: Anatomie, Éthologie, Systématique , Edited by: Grass , P.-P. 2173 – 2203 . Paris : Masson et Compagnie .
  • Archibald , J. D. 1982 . A study of Mammalia and geology across the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary in Garfield County, Montana , Vol. 122 , 1 – 286 . University of California Publications in Geological Sciences .
  • Auffenberg , W. 1958 . A new family of Miocene salamanders from the Texas coastal plain . Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences , 21 : 169 – 176 .
  • Auffenberg , W. and Goin , C. J. 1959 . The status of the salamander genera Scapherpeton and Hemitrypus of Cope . American Museum Novitates , : 1 – 12 . 1979
  • Barck , A. 1992 . Paleontology of the Glen Rose Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Hood County, Texas . The Texas Journal of Science , 44 : 3 – 24 .
  • Barsbold , R. 1976 . “ K evolyutii i sistematike pozdnemezozoyskikh khishchnykh dinosavrov ” . In Paleontology and Biostratigraphy of Mongolia , Edited by: Kramarenko , N. N. , Luvsandansan , B. , Voronin , Y. I. , Barsbold , R. , Rozhdestvensky , A. K. , Trofimov , B. A. and Reshetov , V. Y. 68 – 75 . Sovmestnaya Sovetsko-Mongol'skaya Paleontologicheskaya Ekspeditsiya, Trudy . [Russian]
  • Baur , G. 1891 . Remarks on the reptiles generally called Dinosauria . The American Naturalist , 25 : 434 – 454 .
  • Benton , M. J. and Clark , J. M. 1988 . “ Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia ” . In The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapoda, Volume I: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds. Systematics Association Special Volume 35A , Edited by: Benton , M. J. 295 – 338 . Oxford : Clarendon Press .
  • Berg , L. S. 1937 . A classification of fish-like vertebrates . Bulletin de l’Academie des Sciences de l’URSS , 4 : 1277 – 1280 .
  • Bonaparte , C. L. 1838 . Selachorum tabula analytica . Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali, Bologna (annuale 1) , 2 : 195 – 214 .
  • Bonaparte , C. L. 1841 . Iconografia della Fauna Italica per le Quattro Classi degli Animali Vertebrati, Volume 3: Pesci. Introduzione , 556 Rome : Salviucci .
  • Bonde , N. 2004 . “ An Early Cretaceous (Ryazanian) fauna of “Purbeck–Wealden type” at Robbedale, Bornholm, Denmark ” . In Mesozoic Fishes 3: Systematics, Paleoenvironments and Biodiversity , Edited by: Arratia , G. and Tintori , A. 507 – 528 . Munich : Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil .
  • Bown , T. M. and Kraus , M. J. 1981a . Lower Eocene alluvial paleosols (Willwood Formation, northwest Wyoming, U.S.A.) and their significance for paleoecology, paleoclimatology, and basin analysis . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 34 : 1 – 30 .
  • Bown , T. M. and Kraus , M. J. 1981b . Vertebrate fossil-bearing paleosol units (Willwood Formation, lower Eocene, northwest Wyoming, U.S.A.): implications for taphonomy, biostratigraphy, and assemblage analysis . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 34 : 31 – 56 .
  • Brinkman , D. B. 2002 . An Illustrated Guide to the Vertebrate Microfossils from the Dinosaur Park Formation , 131 Drumheller , Alberta, Canada : Alberta Palaeontological Society .
  • Brinkman , D. L. , Cifelli , R. L. and Czaplewski , N. J. 1998 . First occurrence of Deinonychus antirrhopus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Aptian-Albian) of Oklahoma . Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin , 146 : 1 – 27 .
  • Brochu , C. A. 1996 . Closure of neurocentral sutures during crocodilian ontogeny: implications for maturity assessment in fossil archosaurs . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 16 : 49 – 62 .
  • Brown , B. 1933 . Stratigraphy and fauna of the Fuson–Cloverly Formation in Montana, Wyoming, and South Dakota . Bulletin of the Geological Society of America , 44 : 74
  • Brown , B. 1935 . Sinclair Dinosaur Expedition, 1934 . Natural History , 36 : 2 – 15 .
  • Brusatte , S. L. , Benson , R. B. J. , Carr , T. D. , Williamson , T. E. and Sereno , P. C. 2007 . The systematic utility of theropod enamel wrinkles . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 27 : 1052 – 1056 .
  • Buscalioni , A. D. and Sanz , J. L. 1988 . Phylogenetic relationships of the Atoposauridae (Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha) . Historical Biology , 1 : 233 – 250 .
  • Buscalioni , A. D. , Fregenal , M. A. , Bravo , A. , Poyato-Ariza , F. J. , Sanchíz , B. , Baez , A. M. , Cambra Moo , O. , Martin Closas , C. , Evans , S. E. and Marugan Lobon , J. 2008 . The vertebrate assemblage of Buenache de la Sierra (upper Barremian of Serrania de Cuenca, Spain) with insights into its taphonomy and palaeoecology . Cretaceous Research , 29 : 687 – 710 .
  • Camp , C. L. 1923 . Classification of the lizards . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 48 : 289 – 481 .
  • Carrano , M. T. and Velez-Juarbe , J. 2006 . Paleoecology of the Quarry 9 vertebrate assemblage from Como Bluff, Wyoming (Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic) . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 237 : 147 – 159 .
  • Chen , Z.-Q. and Lubin , S. 1997 . A fission-track study of the terrigenous sedimentary sequences of the Morrison and Cloverly Formations in the northeastern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming . The Mountain Geologist , 34 : 51 – 62 .
  • Chinnery-Allgeier , B. J. and Kirkland , J. I. 2010 . “ An update on the paleobiogeography of ceratopsian dinosaurs ” . In New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs: The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium , Edited by: Ryan , M. J. , Chinnery-Allgeier , B. J. and Eberth , D. A. 387 – 404 . Bloomington and Indianapolis , Indiana : Indiana University Press .
  • Chow , M. and Rich , T. H. V. 1984 . A new triconodontan (Mammalia) from the Jurassic of China . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 3 : 226 – 231 .
  • Cifelli , R. L. 1999a . Tribosphenic mammal from the North American Early Cretaceous . Nature , 401 : 363 – 366 .
  • Cifelli , R. L. 1999b . Therian teeth of unusual design from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian–Cenomanian) Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah . Journal of Mammalian Evolution , 6 : 247 – 270 .
  • Cifelli , R. L. and Madsen , S. K. 1998 . Triconodont mammals from the middle Cretaceous of Utah . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 18 : 403 – 411 .
  • Cifelli , R. L. and Madsen , S. K. 1999 . Spalacotheriid symmetrodonts (Mammalia) from the middle Cretaceous (upper Albian or lower Cenomanian) Mussentuchit local fauna, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA . Geodiversitas , 21 : 167 – 213 .
  • Cifelli , R. L. , Wible , J. R. and Jenkins , F. A. Jr. 1998 . Triconodont mammals from the Cloverly Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Montana and Wyoming . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 18 : 237 – 241 .
  • Cifelli , R. L. , Gardner , J. D. , Nydam , R. L. and Brinkman , D. L. 1997 . Additions to the vertebrate fauna of the Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous), southeastern Oklahoma . Oklahoma Geology Notes , 57 : 124 – 131 .
  • Cifelli , R. L. , Nydam , R. L. , Gardner , J. D. , Weil , A. , Eaton , J. G. , Kirkland , J. I. and Madsen , S. K. 1999 . “ Middle Cretaceous vertebrates from the Cedar Mountain Formation, Emery County, Utah: the Mussentuchit local fauna ” . In Vertebrate Paleontology in Utah , Edited by: Gillette , D. D. 219, 99 – 242, 1 . Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication .
  • Colwell , R. K. and Coddington , J. A. 1994 . Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B , 345 : 101 – 118 .
  • Cope , E. D. 1868 . On the origin of genera . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia , 20 : 242 – 300 .
  • Cope , E. D. 1870 . Synopsis of the extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America . Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series , 14 : 1 – 252 .
  • Cope , E. D. 1875 . Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia; with a systematic list of the higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution based on the specimens contained in the U.S. National Museum . Bulletin of the United States National Museum , 1 : 1 – 104 .
  • Cope , E. D. 1884 . The Tertiary Marsupialia . The American Naturalist , 18 : 686 – 697 .
  • Cope , E. D. 1887 . Zittel's Manual of Palaeontology . The American Naturalist , 21 : 1014 – 1019 .
  • Davis , B. M. and Cifelli , R. L. 2011 . Reappraisal of the tribosphenidan mammals from the Trinity Group (Aptian–Albian) of Texas and Oklahoma . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica , 56 : 441 – 462 .
  • Davis , B. M. , Cifelli , R. L. and Kielan-Jaworowska , Z. 2008 . “ Earliest evidence of Deltatheroida (Mammalia: Metatheria) from the Early Cretaceous of North America ” . In Mammalian Evolutionary Morphology: A Tribute to Frederick S. Szalay , Edited by: Sargis , E. J. and Dagosto , M. 3 – 24 . Dordrecht : Springer Science .
  • D’Emic , M. D. and Foreman , B. Z. 2012 . The beginning of the sauropod dinosaur hiatus in North America: insights from the Lower Cretaceous Cloverly Formation of Wyoming . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 32 : 883 – 902 .
  • D’Emic , M. D. , Melstrom , K. M. and Eddy , D. R. 2011 . Paleobiology and geographic range of the large-bodied Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Acrocanthosaurus atokensis . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 333–334 : 13 – 23 .
  • Dollo , L. 1883 . Première note sur les crocodiliens de Bernissart . Bulletin du Musée Royal d’Histoire Naturelle de Belgique , 2 : 309 – 338 .
  • Dollo , L. 1888 . Iguanodontidae et Camptonotidae . Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences à Paris , 106 : 775 – 777 .
  • Duméril , A. M. C. 1806 . Zoologie Analytique, ou Méthode Naturelle de Classification des Animaux , xxxiii – 544 . Paris : Allais .
  • Eaton , J. G. 1995 . Cenomanian and Turonian (early Late Cretaceous) multituberculate mammals from southwestern Utah . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 15 : 761 – 784 .
  • Eaton , J. G. 2004 . “ New screen-washing approaches to biostratigraphy and paleoecology of nonmarine rocks, Cretaceous of Utah ” . In Fanfare for an Uncommon Paleontologist: Papers in Honor of Malcolm C. McKenna , Edited by: Dawson , M. R. and Lillegraven , J. A. 21 – 30 . Pittsburgh : Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Carnegie Museum of Natural History .
  • Eaton , J. G. and Cifelli , R. L. 2001 . Multituberculate mammals from near the Early–Late Cretaceous boundary, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica , 46 : 453 – 518 .
  • Estes , R. 1964 . Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming . University of California Publications in Geological Sciences , 49 : 1 – 180 .
  • Estes , R. 1969a . The Batrachosauroididae and Scapherpetonidae, Late Cretaceous and early Cenozoic salamanders . Copeia , 1969 : 225 – 234 .
  • Estes , R. 1969b . A new fossil discoglossid frog from Montana and Wyoming . Brevoria , 328 : 1 – 7 .
  • Estes , R. 1983 . Sauria terrestria, Amphisbaenia . Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie , 10A : 1 – 249 .
  • Estes , R. and Hoffstetter , R. 1976 . Les urodèles du Miocène de La Grive-Saint-Alban (Isère, France) . Bulletin du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sciences de la Terre , 57 : 297 – 343 .
  • Estes , R. and Sanchíz , B. 1982 . Early Cretaceous lower vertebrates from Galve (Teruel), Spain . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 2 : 21 – 39 .
  • Estes , R. , Berberian , P. and Meszoely , C. A. M. 1969 . Lower vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, McCone County, Montana . Breviora , 337 : 1 – 33 .
  • Evans , S. E. 1998 . “ Lepidosaurian faunas from the Early Cretaceous: a clade in transition; pp ” . In Lower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems , Edited by: Lucas , S. G. , Kirkland , J. I. and Estep , J. W. Vol. 14 , 195 – 200 . New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin .
  • Evans , S. E. and McGowan , G. J. 2002 . An amphibian assemblage from the Purbeck Limestone Group . Special Papers in Palaeontology , 68 : 103 – 119 .
  • Fischer von Waldheim , G. 1813 . Zoognosia Tabulis Synopticis. Edition Tertia. Volumen Primum , xiii – 465 . Moscow : Nicolai Sergeidis Vsevolozsky .
  • Forster , C. A. 1990 . The postcranial skeleton of the ornithopods dinosaur Tenontosaurus tilletti . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 10 : 273 – 294 .
  • Fox , R. C. 1976 . Additions to the mammalian local fauna from the Upper Milk River Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Alberta . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 13 : 1105 – 1118 .
  • Fox , R. C. and Naylor , B. G. 1982 . A reconsideration of the relationships of the fossil amphibian Albanerpeton . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 19 : 118 – 128 .
  • Gaffney , E. D. 1979 . The Jurassic turtles of North America . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 162 : 91 – 136 .
  • Gardner , J. D. 1999 . The amphibian Albanerpeton arthridion and the Aptian–Albian biogeography of albanerpetonids . Palaeontology , 42 : 529 – 544 .
  • Gardner , J. D. 2000 . Comments on the anterior region of the skull in the Albanerpetonidae (Temnospondyli: Lisssmphibia) . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte , 2000 : 1 – 14 .
  • Gardner , J. D. 2005 . “ Lissamphibians ” . In Dinosaur Provincial Park: A Spectacular Ancient Ecosystem Revealed , Edited by: Currie , P. J. and Koppelhus , E. B. 186 – 201 . Bloomington and Indianapolis , Indiana : Indiana University Press .
  • Gardner , J. D. 2008 . “ New information on frogs (Lissamphibia: Anura) from the Lance Formation (late Maastrichtian) and Bug Creek Anthills (late Maastrichtian and early Paleocene), Hell Creek Formation, USA ” . In Vertebrate Microfossil Assemblages: Their Role in Paleoecology and Paleobiogeography , Edited by: Sankey , J. T. and Baszio , S. 219 – 249 . Bloomington and Indianapolis , Indiana : Indiana University Press .
  • Garrison , J. R. Jr. , Brinkman , D. B. , Nichols , D. J. , Layer , P. , Burge , D. L. and Thayn , D. 2007 . A multidisciplinary study of the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Mussentuchit Wash, Utah: a determination of the paleoenvironment and paleoecology of the Eolambia caroljonesa dinosaur quarry . Cretaceous Research , 28 : 461 – 494 .
  • Gauthier , J. A. 1986 . “ Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds ” . In The Origin of Birds and the Evolution of Flight , Edited by: Padian , K. Vol. 8 , 1 – 47 . Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences .
  • Gervais , P. 1871 . Remarques au sujet des reptiles provenant des calcaires lithographiques de Cerin, dans le Bugey, qui sont conservés au Musée de Lyon . Annales de la Société d’Agriculture, Histoire Naturelle et Arts Utiles de Lyon, 4e série , 5 : 79 – 85 .
  • Gill , T. 1872 . Arrangement of the families of fishes, or Classes Pisces, Marsipobranchii, and Leptocardii . Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections , 11 ( 247 ) : xlvi + 1 – 49 .
  • Grande , L. 2010 . An Empirical Synthetic Pattern Study of Gars (Lepisosteiformes) and Closely Related Species, Based Mostly on Skeletal Anatomy. The Resurrection of Holostei , 863 Kansas , Lawrence : American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists .
  • Grande , L. and Bemis , W. E. 1998 . A comprehensive phylogenetic study of amiid fishes (Amiidae) based on comparative skeletal anatomy. An empirical search for interconnected patterns of natural history . Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology , 4 : x + 1 – 690 .
  • Gray , J. E. 1827 . A synopsis of the genera of saurian reptiles, in which some new genera are indicated, and the others reviewed by actual examination . Annals of Philosophy , 2 : 54 – 58 .
  • Greenhalgh , B. W. 2006 . A Stratigraphic and Geochronologic Analysis of the Morrison Formation/Cedar Mountain Formation Boundary, Utah. M.S. thesis, Geological Sciences , 61 Utah , Provo : Brigham Young University .
  • Haeckel , E. 1866 . Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Zweiter Band: Allgemeine Entwickelungsgeschichte der Organismen , clx – 462 . Berlin : Verlag von Georg Reimer .
  • Hay , O. P. 1908 . Fossil Turtles of North America , Vol. 75 , 568 Publication of the Carnegie Institute of Washington .
  • Hay , O. P. 1929 . Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Volume 1 , Vol. 390 , viii – 916 . Publication of the Carnegie Institute of Washington .
  • Hay , O. P. 1930 . Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Volume 2 , Vol. 390 , xiv – 1074 . Publication of the Carnegie Institute of Washington .
  • Heckert , A. B. 2004 . Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian–Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. . New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin , 27 : 1 – 170 .
  • Herman , J. 1977 . Les Sélaciens des terrains néocrétacés et paléocènes de Belgique et des contrées limitrophes. Eléments d’une biostratigraphie intercontinentale . Mémoires pour servir à l’explication des Cartes géologiques et minières de la Belgique , 15 : 1 – 450 .
  • Hoffstetter , R. 1967 . Coup d’oeil sur les Sauriens (lacertiliens) des couches de Purbeck (Jurassique supérieur d’Angleterre) (résumé d’un mémoire) . Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , 163 : 349 – 371 .
  • Holland , S. M. 2010 . Analytic Rarefaction 2.0. Hunt Mountain Software . Available at http://www.huntmountainsoftware.com/html/rarefaction.html. Accessed April 29, 2011
  • Huxley , T. H. 1880a . On the application of the laws of evolution to the arrangement of the Vertebrata, and more particularly of the Mammalia . Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London , 43 : 649 – 662 .
  • Huxley , T. H. 1880b . The Crayfish. An Introduction to the Study of Zoology , xiv – 371 . London : C. Kegan Paul and Company .
  • Jamniczky , H. A. , Brinkman , D. B. and Russell , A. P. 2003 . Vertebrate microsite sampling: how much is enough? . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 23 : 725 – 734 .
  • Jenkins , F. A. Jr. and Schaff , C. R. 1988 . The Early Cretaceous mammal Gobiconodon (Mammalia, Triconodonta) from the Cloverly Formation in Montana . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 8 : 1 – 24 .
  • Johnson , S. C. and Lucas , S. G. 2002 . Histological study of the ray Pseudohypolophus mcnultyi (Thurmond) from the Late Cretaceous (Coniacian–Santonian) of central New Mexico . New Mexico Geology , 24 : 88 – 90 .
  • Kermack , K. A. , Mussett , F. and Rigney , H. W. 1973 . The lower jaw of Morganucodon . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 53 : 87 – 175 .
  • Kielan-Jaworowska , Z. and Cifelli , R. L. 2001 . Primitive boreosphenidan mammal (?Deltatheroida) from the Early Cretaceous of Oklahoma . Acta Palaeontologica Polonica , 46 : 377 – 391 .
  • Kielan-Jaworowska , Z. , Cifelli , R. L. and Luo , Z.-X. 2004 . Mammals from the Age of Dinosaurs: Origins, Evolution, and Structure , 630 New York : Columbia University Press .
  • Kirkland , J. I. , Britt , B. B. , Burge , D. L. , Carpenter , K. , Cifelli , R. L. , DeCourten , F. L. , Eaton , J. G. , Hasiotis , S. T. and Lawton , T. 1997 . Lower to middle Cretaceous dinosaur faunas of the central Colorado Plateau: a key to understanding 35 million years of tectonics, sedimentology, evolution, and biogeography . Brigham Young University Geology Studies , 42 : 69 – 103 .
  • Klein , I. T. 1751 . “ Quadrupedum Dispositio Brevisque Historia Naturalis ” . 127 Ionam Schmidt : Leipzig .
  • Kriwet , J. R. , Rauhut , O. W. M. and Gloy , U. 1997 . Microvertebrate remains (Pisces, Archosauria) from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of southern France . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen , 206 : 1 – 28 .
  • Lapparent de Broin , F. and Murelaga , X. 1996 . Une nouvelle faune de chéloniens dans le Crétacé supérieur européen . Comptes Rendus de l’Academie des Sciences, Paris, série 2a: Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes , 323 : 729 – 723 .
  • Linnaeus , C. 1758 . Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Tomus 1 . Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae (Stockholm) , : 824
  • Maisey , J. G. 1987 . Cranial anatomy of the Lower Jurassic shark Hybodus reticulatus (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii), with comments on hybodontid systematics . American Museum Novitates , 2878 : 1 – 19 .
  • Marsh , O. C. 1878a . A new species of Ceratodus, from the Jurassic . American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 3 , 15 : 76
  • Marsh , O. C. 1878b . Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Part 1 . American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 3 , 16 : 411 – 416 .
  • Marsh , O. C. 1881 . Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Part 5 . American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 3 , 21 : 417 – 423 .
  • Marsh , O. C. 1887 . American Jurassic mammals . American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 3 , 33 : 327 – 348 .
  • Marsh , O. C. 1890a . Notice of some extinct Testudinata . American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 3 , 40 : 177 – 179 .
  • Marsh , O. C. 1890b . Additional characters of the Ceratopsidae, with notice of new Cretaceous dinosaurs . American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 3 , 39 : 418 – 426 .
  • Matthew , W. D. and Brown , B. 1922 . The family Deinodontidae, with notice of a new genus from the Cretaceous of Alberta . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 46 : 367 – 385 .
  • Maxwell , W. D. and Horner , J. R. 1994 . Neonate dinosaurian remains and dinosaurian eggshell from the Cloverly Formation, Montana . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 14 : 143 – 146 .
  • Maxwell , W. D. , Hallas , B. H. and Horner , J. R. 1997 . Further neonate dinosaur remains and dinosaurian eggshell from the Cloverly Formation of Montana . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 17 ( 3, Supplement ) : 63A
  • May , M. T. 1993 . “ Petrographic characteristics of Morrison–Cloverly formations and equivalent rocks in west-central and central Wyoming: implications for tectonic complexity in the early Sevier foreland ” . In Oil and Gas and Other Resources of the Wind River Basin, Wyoming , Edited by: Keefer , W. R. , Metzger , W. J. and Godwin , L. H. 49 – 70 . Wyoming Geological Association Special Symposium 1993 .
  • May , M. T. , Furer , L. C. , Kvale , E. P. , Suttner , L. J. , Johnson , G. D. and Meyers , J. H. 1995 . “ Chronostratigraphy and tectonic significance of Lower Cretaceous conglomerates in the foreland of central Wyoming ” . In Stratigraphic Evolution of Foreland Basins. SEPM Special Publication 52 , Edited by: Dorobek , S. L. and Ross , G. M. 97 – 110 . Tulsa , Oklahoma : Society for Sedimentary Geology .
  • McKenna , M. C. 1975 . “ Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia ” . In Phylogeny of the Primates , Edited by: Luckett , W. P. and Szalay , F. S. 21 – 46 . New York : Plenum Publishing .
  • Meyers , J. H. , Suttner , L. J. , Furer , L. C. , May , M. T. and Soreghan , M. J. 1992 . Intrabasinal tectonic control on fluvial sandstone bodies in the Cloverly Formation (Early Cretaceous), west-central Wyoming, USA . Basin Research , 4 : 315 – 333 .
  • Moberly , R. 1960 . Morrison, Cloverly, and Sykes Mountain formations, northern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming and Montana . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 71 : 1137 – 1176 .
  • Müller , H. 1846 . Über den Bau und die Grenzen der Ganoiden und über das natürliche System der Fische . Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Jahre , 1844 : 117 – 216 .
  • Nydam , R. L. 2002 . Lizards of the Mussentuchit local fauna (Albian–Cenomanian boundary) and comments on the evolution of the Cretaceous lizard faunas of North America . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 22 : 645 – 660 .
  • Nydam , R. L. and Cifelli , R. L. 2002 . Lizards from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) Antlers and Cloverly formations . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 22 : 286 – 298 .
  • Oppel , M. 1811 . Die Ordnungen, Familien und Gattungen der Reptilien als Prodom einer Naturgeschichte Derselben , xii – 86 . Munich : Joseph Lindauer .
  • Osborn , H. F. 1923 . Two Lower Cretaceous dinosaurs of Mongolia . American Museum Novitates , 95 : 1 – 10 .
  • Ostrom , J. H. 1969 . Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus, an unusual theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana . Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin , 30 : 1 – 165 .
  • Ostrom , J. H. 1970 . Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Cloverly Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of the Bighorn Basin area, Wyoming and Montana . Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin , 35 : 1 – 234 .
  • Owen , R. 1842 . Report on British fossil reptiles, part 2 . Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science , 11 : 60 – 204 .
  • Parker , T. J. and Haswell , W. A. 1897 . A Text-Book of Zoology, Volume 2 , xx – 683 . London : MacMillan and Company .
  • Parsons , W. L. and Parsons , K. M. 2009 . A new ankylosaur (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Cloverly Formation of central Montana . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 46 : 721 – 738 .
  • Rees , J. 2002 . Shark fauna and depositional environment of the earliest Cretaceous Vitbäck Clays at Eriksdal, southern Sweden . Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences , 93 : 59 – 71 .
  • Rees , J. and Underwood , C. J. 2002 . The status of the shark genus Lissodus Brough, 1935, and the position of nominal Lissodus species within the Hybodontoidea (Selachii) . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 22 : 471 – 479 .
  • Rogers , R. R. and Brady , M. E. 2010 . Origins of microfossil bonebeds: insights from the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation of north-central Montana . Paleobiology , 36 : 80 – 112 .
  • Romer , A. S. 1955 . Herpetichthyes, Amphibioidei, Choanichthyes or Sarcopterygii? . Nature , 176 : 126
  • Salgado , L. , Coria , R. A. and Calvo , J. O. 1997 . Evolution of titanosaurid sauropods. 1: phylogenetic analysis based on the postcranial evidence . Ameghiniana , 34 : 3 – 32 .
  • Sánchiz-Hernández , B. , Benton , M. J. and Naish , D. 2007 . Dinosaurs and other fossil vertebrates from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of the Galve area, NE Spain . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 249 : 180 – 215 .
  • Schultze , H.-P. 1996 . “ The scales of Mesozoic actinopterygians ” . In Mesozoic Fishes: Systematics and Paleoecology , Edited by: Arratia , G. and Viohl , G. 83 – 93 . Munich : Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil .
  • Schwarz-Wings , D. , Rees , J. and Lindgren , J. 2009 . Lower Cretaceous mesoeucrocodylians from Scandinavia (Denmark and Sweden) . Cretaceous Research , 30 : 1345 – 1355 .
  • Seeley , H. G. 1887 . On the classification of the fossil animals commonly named Dinosauria . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London , 43 : 165 – 171 .
  • Simpson , G. G. 1925 . Mesozoic Mammalia. I. American triconodonts: part 1 . American Journal of Science, Series 5 , 10 : 145 – 165 .
  • Slaughter , B. H. 1969 . Astroconodon, the Cretaceous triconodont . Journal of Mammalogy , 50 : 102 – 107 .
  • Soto , M. and Perea , D. 2010 . Late Jurassic lungfishes (Dipnoi) from Uruguay, with comments on the systematics of Gondwanan ceratodontiforms . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 30 : 1049 – 1058 .
  • Sues , H.-D. 1980 . Anatomy and relationships of a new hypsilophodontid dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of North America . Palaeontographica, Abteilung A , 169 : 51 – 72 .
  • Sues , H.-D. 1997 . On Chirostenotes, a Late Cretaceous oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from western North America . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 17 : 698 – 716 .
  • Sweetman , S. C. and Evans , S. E. 2011 . “ Lissamphibians (frogs, salamanders and albanerpetontids) ” . In English Wealden Fossils. Palaeontological Association Field Guide to Fossils 14 , Edited by: Batten , D. J. 240 – 263 . London : The Palaeontological Association .
  • Thies , D. and Mudroch , A. 1996 . “ Actinopterygian teeth from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of N. Germany; pp ” . In Mesozoic Fishes: Systematics and Paleoecology , Edited by: Arratia , G. and Viohl , G. 105 – 114 . Munich : Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil .
  • Thurmond , J. T. 1971 . Cartilaginous fishes of the Trinity Group and related rocks (Lower Cretaceous) of north central Texas . Southeastern Geology , 13 : 207 – 227 .
  • Tipper , J. C. 1979 . Rarefaction and rarefication—the use and abuse of a method in paleoecology . Paleobiology , 5 : 423 – 434 .
  • Trofimov , B. A. 1978 . Pervyye trikonodonty (Mammalia, Triconodonta) iz Mongolii . Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR , 243 : 213 – 216 . [Russian]
  • Wilson , J. A. and Sereno , P. C. 1998 . Early evolution and higher-level phylogeny of sauropod dinosaurs . Memoir of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology , 5 : 1 – 68 .
  • Winkler , D. A. , Murry , P. A. and Jacobs , L. L. 1990 . Early Cretaceous (Comanchean) vertebrates of central Texas . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 10 : 95 – 116 .
  • Wolda , H. 1981 . Similarity indices, sample size and diversity . Oecologia , 50 : 296 – 302 .
  • Woodruff , D. C. 2012 . A new titanosauriform from the Early Cretaceous Cloverly Formation of Montana . Cretaceous Research , 36 : 58 – 66 .
  • Woodward , A. S. 1890 . The fossil fishes of the Hawkesbury Series at Gosford . Memoirs of the Geological Survey of New South Wales, Palaeontology , 4 : 1 – 57 .
  • Woodward , A. S. 1916 . The fossil fishes of the English Wealden and Purbeck Formations. Part 1 . Palaeontographical Society Monographs , 69 ( number 334 ) : 1 – 10 . 1–48 + pls
  • Zaleha , M. J. 2006 . Sevier orogenesis and nonmarine basin filling: implications of new stratigraphic correlations of Lower Cretaceous strata throughout Wyoming, USA . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 118 : 886 – 896 .
  • Zaleha , M. J. and Wiesemann , S. A. 2005 . Hyperconcentrated flows and gastroliths: sedimentology of diamictites and wackes of the upper Cloverly Formation, Lower Cretaceous, Wyoming, U.S.A. . Journal of Sedimentary Research , 75 : 43 – 54 .
  • Zittel , K. A. and Eastman , C. R. 1902 . Text-Book of Palaeontology, Volume 2 , viii – 283 . London : Macmillan and Co. .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.