Magnetostratigraphy and paleoecology of the hominid-bearing locality Çorakyerler, Tuglu Formation (Çankiri Basin, Central Anatolia)

LITERATURE CITED

• Agustí, J., L. Cabrera, M. Garcés, W. Krijgsman, O. Oms, and J. M. Parés. 2001. A calibrated mammal scale for the Neogene of Western Europe. State of the art. Earth-Science Reviews 52:247–260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alba, D. M. 2012. Fossil ape from the Vallés-Penedés Basin. Evolutionary Anthropology 21:254–269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alpagut, B., P. Andrews, and L. Martin. 1990. New hominoid specimens from the middle Miocene site at Pasalar, Turkey. Journal of Human Evolution 19:397–422.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alpagut, B., P. Andrews, M. Fortelius, K. Kappelman, I. Temizsoy, and W. Lindsay. 1996. A new specimen of Ankarapithecus meteai from the Sinap formation of central Anatolia. Nature. 382:349–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews, P., and I. Tekkaya. 1980. A revision of the Turkish Miocene hominoid Sivapithecus meteai. Palaeontolgy 23:85–95.
   Google Scholar
• Antón, M., M. J. Salesa, J. Morales, and A. Turner. 2004. First known complete skulls of the scimitar-toothed cat Machairodus aphanistus (Felidae, Carnivora) from the Spanish late Miocene site of Batallones-1. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24:957–969.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ataabadi, M. M., R. L. Bernor, D. S. Kostopoulos, D. Wolf, Z. Orak, G. Zare, H. Nakaya, M. Watabe, and M. Fortelius. 2013. Recent advances in paleobiological research of the late Miocene Maragheh Fauna, Northwest Iran; pp. 546–565 in X. Wang, L. J. Flynn, and M. Fortelius (eds.), Fossil Mammals of Asia. Columbia University Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Begun, D. R. 2009. Dryopithecins, Darwin, de Bonis, and the European origin of the African apes and human clade. Geodiversitas 31:789–816.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begun, D. R., D. Geraads, and E. Güleç. 2003a. The Çandır hominoid locality: implications for the timing and pattern of hominoid dispersal events; pp. 251–265 in E. Güleç, D. R. Begun, and D. Geraads (eds.), Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of the Miocene Hominoid Locality of Çandır. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 240.
   Google Scholar
• Begun, D. R., E. Güleç, and D. Geraads. 2003b. Dispersal patterns of Eurasian hominoids: implications from Turkey. Deinsea 10:23–39.
   Google Scholar
• Begun, D. R., M. C. Nargolwalla, and L. Kordos. 2012. European Miocene hominids and the origin of the African ape and human clade. Evolutionary Anthropology 21:10–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernor, R. L. 1983. Geochronology and zoogeographic relationships of Hominoidea; pp. 21–64 in R. L. Ciochon, and R. Corruccini (eds.), New Interpretations of Ape and Human Ancestry. Plenum Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Bernor, R. L. 1984. A zoogeographic theater and biochronologic play: the time/biofacies phenomena of Eurasian and African Miocene mammal provinces. Paléobiologie Continentale 14:121–142.
   Google Scholar
• Bibi, F., and E. Savaş Güleç. 2008. Bovidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) from the late Miocene of Sivas, Turkey. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28:501–519.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bibi, F., A. Hill, M. Beech, and W. Yasin. 2013. Late Miocene fossils from the Baynunah Formation, United Arab Emirates; pp. 583–594 in X. Wang, L. J. Flynn, and M. Fortelius (eds.), Fossil Mammals of Asia. Columbia University Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Bouvrain, G. 1994. Les gisements de mammifères du Miocène supérieur de Kemiklitepe, Turquie: 9. Bovidae. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 4ème série C 16:175–209.
   Google Scholar
• Casanovas-Vilar, I., D. M. Alba, M. Garcés, J. M. Robles, and S. Moyá-Solá. 2011. Updated chronology for the Miocene hominoid radiation in western Eurasia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108:5554–5559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Bonis, L., and G. Koufos. 2014. First discovery of postcranial bones of Ouranopithecus macedoniensis (Primates, Hominoidea) from the late Miocene of Macedonia (Greece). Journal of Human Evolution 74:21–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Bonis, L., D. Bouvrain, D. Geraads, and G. Koufos. 1992. Diversity and paleoecology of Greek late Miocene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 91:99–121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeMiguel, D., D. M. Alba, and S. Moyà-Solà. 2014. Dietary specialization during the evolution of Western Eurasian hominoids and the extinction of European great apes. PLoS ONE 9:e97442. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097442.
   Google Scholar
• de Mecquenem, R. 1924–1925. Contribution à l'étude des fossiles de Maragha. Annales de Paléontologie 13:135–160; 14:1–36.
   Google Scholar
• Eronen, J. T., M. M. Ataabadi, A. Micheels, A. Karme, R. L. Bernor, and M. Fortelius. 2009. Distribution history and climatic controls of the late Miocene Pikermian chronofauna. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 106:11867–11871.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eronen, J. T., K. Puolamäki, L. Liu, K. Lintulaakso, J. Damuth, C. Janis, and M. Fortelius. 2010a. Precipitation and large herbivorous mammals I: estimates from present day communities. Evolutionary Ecology Research 12:217–233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eronen, J. T., K. Puolamäki, L. Liu, K. Lintulaakso, J. Damuth, C. Janis, and M. Fortelius. 2010b. Precipitation and large herbivorous mammals II: application to fossil data. Evolutionary Ecology Research 12:235–248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fortelius, M., coordinator. 2015. New and Old World Database of Fossil Mammals (NOW). University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Available at http://http://pantodon.science.helsinki.fi/now/index.php. Data downloaded on 3 January 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Fortelius, M., J. T. Eronen, F. Kaya, H. Tanq, and P. Raia. 2014. Evolution of Neogene mammals in Eurasia: environmental forcing and biotic interactions. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 42:579–604.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fortelius, M., J. T. Eronen, J. Jernvall, L. Liu, D. Pushkina, and J. Rinne. 2002. Fossil mammals resolve regional patterns of Eurasian climate change during 20 million years. Evolutionary Ecology Research 4:1005–1016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabunia, L., E. Gabashvili, A. Vekua, and D. Lordkipanidze. 2001. The late Miocene hominoid from Georgia; pp. 316–325 in L. de Bonis, G. Koufos, and P. Andrews (eds.), Phylogeny of the Neogene Hominoid Primates of Eurasia. Cambridge University Press, London.
   Google Scholar
• Gaziry, A. W. 1976. Jungtertiäre Mastodonten aus Anatolien (Türkei). Geologisches Jahrbuch B 22:1–143.
   Google Scholar
• Geraads, D. 2013. Large mammals from the late Miocene of Çorakyerler, Çankırı, Turkey. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 65:381–390.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geraads, D., and E. Güleç. 1999. On some spiral-horned antelopes (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Bovidae) from the late Miocene of Turkey, with remarks on their distribution. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 73:403–409.
   Google Scholar
• Güleç, E., A. Sevim, C. Pehlevan, and F. Kaya. 2007. A new great ape from the late Miocene of Turkey. Anthropological Science 115:153–158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer, Q., D. A. T. Harper, and P. D. Ryan. 2001. PAST: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica 4(1). Available at http://palaeo-electronica.org/2001_1/past/issue1_01.htm. Accessed January 29, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Heissig, K. 1975. Rhinocerotidae aus dem Jungtertiär Anatoliens. Geologisches Jahrbuch (B) 15:145–151.
   Google Scholar
• Hilgen, F., L. Lourens, and J. Van Dam. 2012. The Neogene Period; pp. 923–978 in F. Gradstein, J. Ogg, M. Schmitz, and G. Ogg (eds.), The Geologic Time Scale 2012. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
   Google Scholar
• Kappelman, J., B. G. Richmond, E. R. Seiffert, A. M. Maga, and T. M. Ryan. 2003a. Hominoidea (Primates); pp. 90–124 in M. Fortelius, J. Kappelman, S. Sen, and R. L. Bernor (eds.), Geology and Paleontology of the Miocene Sinap Formation, Turkey. Columbia University Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Kappelman, J., A. Dincan, M. Feseba, J. P. Lunkka, D. Ekart, F. Mcdowell, T. M. Ryan, and C. C. Swisher III. 2003b. Chronology; pp. 41–68 in M. Fortelius, J. Kappelman, S. Sen, and R. L. Bernor (eds.), Geology and Paleontology of the Miocene Sinap Formation, Turkey. Columbia University Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Kaymakçı, N. 2000. Tectono-stratigraphical evolution of the Çankırı Basin (Central Anatolia, Turkey). Ph.D. dissertation, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Kaymakçı, N., S. H. White, and P. M. van Dijk. 2000. Paleostress inversion in a multi-phase deformed area: kinematic and structural evolution of the Çankırı Basin (central Turkey): part 1; pp. 295–323 in E. Bozkurt, J. A. Winchester, and J. Piper (eds.), Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and its Surroundings. Geological Society of London, Special Publication no. 173.
   Google Scholar
• Kaymakçı, N., Y. Özçelik, S. H. White, and P. M. van Dijk. 2001. Neogene tectonics of the Çankırı Basin (north Central Turkey), Türkiye Petrol Jeologları Derneği Bülteni 13:27–56.
   Google Scholar
• Kaymakçı, N., H. de Bruijn, S. H. White, M. van Dijk, G. Saraç, and E. Ünay. 2003. Tectonic implications of the Neogene stratigraphy of the Çankırı Basin with special reference to the Çandır locality (North-Central Anatolia, Turkey); pp. 9–28 in E. Güleç, D. R. Begun, and D. Geraads (eds.), Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of the Miocene Hominoid Locality of Çandır. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 240.
   Google Scholar
• Kelley, J., P. Andrews, and B. Alpagut. 2008. A new hominoid species from the middle Miocene site of Paşalar, Turkey. Journal of Human Evolution 54:455–479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köhler, M. 1987. Boviden des türkischen Miozäns (Känozoikum und Braunkholen der Türkei. 28). Paleontología i Evolució 21:133–246.
   Google Scholar
• Kostopoulos, D. S. 2009. The late Miocene mammal faunas of the Mytilinii basin, Samos Island, Greece: new collection. 14. Bovidae. Beiträge zur Paläontologie. 31:305–349.
   Google Scholar
• Kostopoulos, D. S., and R. L. Bernor. 2011. The Maragheh bovids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla): systematic revision and biostratigraphic-zoogeographic interpretation. Geodiversitas 33:649–708.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kostopoulos, D. S., and S. Karakütük. 2013. Late Miocene bovids from Şerefköy-2, SW Turkey and their position within the sub Paratethyan biogeographic province. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60:49–66.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koufos, G. D. 2003. Late Miocene mammal events and biostratigraphy in the Eastern Mediterranean; pp. 343–371 in J. W. F. Reumer, and W. Wessels (eds.), Distribution and Migration of Tertiary Mammals in Eurasia. A Volume in Honour of Hans de Bruijn. Deinsea.
   Google Scholar
• Koufos, G. D. 2006. The Neogene mammal localities of Greece: Faunas, chronology and biostratigraphy. Hellenic Journal of Geosciences 41:183–214.
   Google Scholar
• Koufos, G. D., D. S. Kostopoulos, T. D. Vlachou, and G. E. Konidaris. 2011. A synopsis of the late Miocene mammal fauna of Samos Island, Aegean Sea, Greece. Geobios 44:237–251.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koufos, G. D., L. de Bonis, D. Kostopoulos, L. Viriot, and T. Vlachou. 2004. Mesopithecus (Primates, Cercopithecoidea) from the Turolian locality of Vathylakkos 2 (Macedonia, Greece). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 78:213–228.
   Google Scholar
• Krijgsman, W. 2003. Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Çandır fossil locality (middle Miocene, Turkey); 240:41–49 in E. Güleç, D. R. Begun, and D. Geraads (eds.), Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of the Miocene hominoid locality of Çandır. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
   Google Scholar
• Kunimatsu, Y., M. Nakatsukasa, Y. Sawada, T. Sakai, M. Hyodo, H. Hyodo, T. Itaya, H. Nakaya, H. Saegusa, A. Mazurier, M. Saneyoshi, H. Tsujikawa, A. Yamamoto, and E. Mbua. 2007. A new late Miocene great ape from Kenya and its implications for the origins of African great apes and humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104:19220–19225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurtén, B. 1952. The Chinese Hipparion fauna. Commentationes Biologicae Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 13:1–52.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, L., D. S. Kostopoulos, and M. Fortelius. 2005. Suidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the late Miocene of Akkaşdağı, Turkey. Geodiversitas 27:715–733.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, L., K. Puolamäki, J.T. Eronen, M. M. Ataabadi, E. Hernesniemi, and M. Fortelius. 2012. Dental functional traits of mammals resolve productivity in terrestrial ecosystems past and present. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 279:2793–2799.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazzini, I., N. Hudackova, P. Joniak, M. Kovcova, T. Mikes, A. Mulch, B. Rojay, S. Lucifora, D. Esu, and I. Soulie-Marche. 2013. Palaeoenvironmental and chronological constraints on the Tuğlu Formation (Çankırı Basin, Central Anatolia, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 22:747–777.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merceron, G., C. Blondel, L. de Bonis, G. D. Koufos, and L. Viriot. 2005. A new dental microwear analysis: application to extant primates and Ouranopithecus macedoniensis (late Miocene of Greece). Palaios 20:551–561.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Opdyke, N. D., K. Huang, and R. H. Tedford. 2013. The paleomagnetism and magnetic stratigraphy of the Late Cenozoic sediments of the Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province, China; pp. 69–78 in R. H. Tedford, Z. X. Qiu, and L. Flynn (eds.), Late Cenozoic Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province, China: Geology and Fossil Mammals. Volume I: History, Geology, and Magnetostratigraphy. Springer, xx, The Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Ozansoy, F. 1955. Sur les gisements continenteaux et les mammifères du Néogène et du Villafranchien d'Ankara (Turquie). Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences 240:992–994. Springer, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Ozansoy, F. 1965. Étude des gisements continentaux et des mammifères du Cénozoique de Turquie. Mémoires de la Sociéte géologique de France n. sér. 102:1–92.
   Google Scholar
• Pehlevan, C. 2005. Çorakyerler (Çankırı) Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia) Buluntularının Değerlendirilmesi. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey, 188 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Raup, D., and R. E. Crick. 1979. Measurement of faunal similarity in paleontology. Journal of Paleontology 53:1213–1227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şahin, S. 2005. Geç Miyosen Çorakyerler (Çankırı, Anadolu) Proboscidea Faunası;. M.Sc. thesis, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara, Turkey, 154 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Sawada, Y., M. Pickford, I. Tetsumaru, M. Takeshi, T. Masaaki, K. Kurkura, S. Ishida, and H. Ishida. 1998. K-Ar ages of Miocene hominoidea (Kenyapithecus and Samburupithecus) from Samburu Hills, Northern Kenya. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Series IIA, Earth and Planetary Science 326:445–451.
   Google Scholar
• Şen, Ş. 1991. Stratigraphie, faunes de mammifères et magnetostratigraphie du Néogène du Sinap Tepe, Province d'Ankara, Turquie. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle Paris, 4e série 12:243–277.
   Google Scholar
• Şen, Ş. 2005. Geology, mammals and environments at Akkaşdağı, late Miocene of Central Anatolia. Geodiversitas 27:513–830.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şen, Ş., L. de Bonis, N. Dalfes, D. Geraads, and G. D. Koufos. 1994. Les gisements de Mammifères du Miocène supérieur de Kemiklitepe, Turquie. Bulletin du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 16:1–240.
   Google Scholar
• Şen, Ş., G. Seyitoğlu, L. Karadenizli, N. Kazancı, B. Varol, and H. Araz. 1998. Mammalian biochronology of Neogene deposits and its correlation with the lithostratigraphy in the Çankırı-Çorum Basin, central Anatolia, Turkey. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 91:307–320.
   Google Scholar
• Şengör, A. M. C., and Y. Yılmaz. 1981. Tethyan evolution of Turkey: a plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics 75:181–241.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., and Y. Kiper. 2000. 1998 Yılı Çankırı-Çorakyerler (Elekçiardı) Kazısı;. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 21. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı. Cilt 1:51–54.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., and Y. Kiper. 2001. 1999 Yılı Çankırı/Çorakyerler Kazısı;. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 22. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı. Cilt 1:37–40.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., and Y. Kiper. 2002. 2000 Yılı Çankırı/Çorakyerler Kazısı;. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 23. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı. Cilt 1:275–281.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., and C. Pehlevan. 2003. 2001 Yılı Çorakyerler Kazı Sonuçları;. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 24. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu. Cilt 2:295–302.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., and C. Pehlevan. 2004. 2002 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı;. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 25. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu. Cilt 2:317–326.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., and A. Yiğit. 2008. 2006 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazıs. Kultur Bakanligi Anitlar ve Muzeler Genel Mudurlugu 29. Uluslararasi Kazi Sonuclari Toplantisi, Kocaeli. Cilt 2:343–358.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., C. Pehlevan, A. Yiğit, and P. Gözlük. 2005. 2003 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 26. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu. Cilt 2:225–236.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., C. Pehlevan, A. Yiğit, and P. Gözlük. 2006. 2004 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 27. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu. Cilt 2:9–15.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., C. Pehlevan, A. Yiğit, and P. Gözlük Kırmızıoğlu. 2007. 2005 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 28. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu. Cilt 2:419–432.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim, A., D. R. Begun, E. Güleç, D. Geraads, and C. Pehlevan. 2001. A new late Miocene hominid from Turkey. American Journal of Physical Anthropology Supplement 32:134–135.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A. 2011a. 2011 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazı Raporu.Türk Tarih Kurumu Tarafindan Destek Verilen Kazı Raporları;. Available at http://www.ttk.gov.tr/templates/resimler/File/Kazilar/2012/14-2011-Cankiri.pdf. Accessed December 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A. 2011b. Geç Miyosen Dönemde Anadolu. Aktüel Arkeoloji Dergisi 11:116–128.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A., 2013. Çorakyerler Fosil Yatağı;. Bilim ve Gelecek Dergisi, 116:37–41.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A., and A. Yiğit. 2009. 2007 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı. Kultur Bakanligi Anitlar ve Muzeler Genel Mudurlugu 30. Uluslararasi Kazi Sonuclari Toplantisi, Ankara. Cilt 2:449–470.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A., and A. Yiğit. 2010. 2008 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı. Kültür Bakanlığı Anıtlar ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü, 31. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu. Cilt 2:205–223.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A., and A. Yiğit. 2011. 2009 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı, 32. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu, (24–28 Mayis, 2010), Istanbul. Cilt 2:311–324.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A., A. Yiğit, S. Özdemir, P. Gözlük Kırmızıoğlu, and A. Y. Yavuz. 2013. 2011 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı;. 34. Uluslararası Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu, (28.05.2012–01.06.2012), Çorum. Cilt 1:49–64.
   Google Scholar
• Sevim Erol, A., A. Yiğit, S. Özdemir, P. Gözlük Kırmızıoğlu, and A.Y. Yavuz. 2014. 2012 Yılı Çankırı Çorakyerler Kazısı;. 35. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı (27–31.05.2013), Muğla. Cilt 2:311–323.
   Google Scholar
• Sickenberg, O., J. D. Becker-Platen, L. Benda, D. Berg, B. Engesser, W. Gaziry, K. Heissig, K. A. Hünermann, P. Y. Sondaar, N. Schmidt-Kittler, K. Staeche, U. Staesche, P. Steffens, and H. Tobien. 1975. Die Gliederung des höheren Jungtertiärs und Altquartärs in der Türkei nach Vertebraten und ihre Bedeutung für die Internationale Neogen-Stratigraphie (Känozoikum und Braunkohlen der Türkei, 17). Geologisches Jahrbuch (B) 15:1–167.
   Google Scholar
• Solounias, N., G. Semprebon, M. Mihlbachler, and F. Rivals. 2013. Paleodietary comparisons of ungulates between the late Miocene of China, and Pikermi and Samos in Greece; pp. 676–692 in X. Wang, L. J. Flynn, and M. Fortelius (eds.), Fossil Mammals of Asia: Neogene Biostratigraphy and Chronology. Columbia University Press, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Spassov, N., D. Geraads, L. Hristova, G. N. Markov, G. Merceron, T. Tzankov, K. Stoyanov, M. Böhme, and A. Dimitrova. 2012. A hominid tooth from Bulgaria: the last pre-human hominid of continental Europe. Journal of Human Evolution 62:138–145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suwa, G., Y. Beyene, H. Nakaya, R.L. Bernor, J.R. Boisserie, F. Bibi, S.H. Ambrose, K. Sano, S. Katoh, and B. Asfaw. 2015. Newly discovered cercopithecid, equid, and other mammalian fossils from the Chorora Formation, Ethiopia. Anthropological Science 123:19–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talbot, M. R., and P. A. Allen. 1996. Lakes; pp. 83–124 in M. G. Reading (ed.), Sedimentary Environments. Blackwell, London.
   Google Scholar
• Tekkaya, I. 1974. A new species of Tortonian anthropoid (Primates, Mammalia) from Anatolia. Bulletin of the Mineral Resources and Exploration Institute of Turkey 83:148–165.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, H., Ş. Şen, and G. Ligabue. 1980. La faune miocène de la formation Agha Jari du Jebel Hamrin, Irak. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen B 83:269–287.
   Google Scholar
• Ungar, P. S. 1996. Dental microwear of European Miocene catarrhines: evidence for diet and tooth use. Journal of Human Evolution 31:335–366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ünay, E., H. de Bruijn, and G. Saraç. 2003. A preliminary zonation of the continental Neogene of Anatolia based on Rodents; pp. 539–548 in J. W. F. Reumer, and W. Wessels (eds.), Distribution and Migration of Tertiary Mammals in Eurasia, Volume 10. A Volume in Honour of Hans de Bruijn. Deinsea.
   Google Scholar
• Ünay, E., H. de Bruijn, and F. Suata-Alpaslan. 2006. Rodents from the upper Miocene hominoid locality Çorakyerler (Anatolia). Beiträge zur Paläontologie 30:463–467.
   Google Scholar
• Van der Made, J., E. Güleç, and A. C. Erkman. 2013. Microstonyx (Suidae, Artiodactyla) from the upper Miocene of Hayranlı-Haliminanı, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology 37:106–122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, X., Y. Zhang, and L. Yue. 2006. Paleoenvironments indicated by the fossil mammalian assemblages from red clay-loess sequence in the Chinese Loess Plateau since 8.0 Ma B.P. Science in China D 49:518–530.
   Google Scholar
• Walker, R. G., and N. D. James. 1992. Facies Models: Response to Sea Level Changes. Geological Assocation of Canada, St. John's, Newfoundland, 454 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Werdelin, L. 2010. Chronology of Neogene mammal localities; pp. 27–43 in L. Werdelin, and W. J. Sanders (eds.), Cenozoic Mammals of Africa. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.
   Google Scholar
• Handling editor: Thomas Martin.
   Google Scholar