Enduring Inequality: Gender And Employment Income In Late Career

References

• Alessio , John , C. and Julie , Andrzejewski . 2000 . “Unveiling the Hidden Glass Ceiling: An Analysis of the Cohort Effect Claim” . American Sociological Review , 65 : 311 – 15 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Avellar , Sarah and Pamela , J. Smock . 2003 . “Has the Price of Motherhood Declined Over Time? A Cross-Cohort Comparison of the Motherhood Wage Penalty” . Journal of Marriage and Family , 65 : 597 – 607 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baxter , Janeen and Erik Olin Wright . 2000 . “The Glass Ceiling Hypothesis: A Comparative Study of the United States, Sweden, and Australia” . Gender & Society , 14 ( 2 ) : 275 – 94 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bianchi , Suzanne , Melissa , A. Milkie , Liana , C. Sayer and John , P. Robinson . 2000 . “Is Anyone Doing the Housework? Trends in the Gender Division of Household Work” . Social Forces , 79 : 191 – 228 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bielby , William , T. and Denise , D. Bielby . 1992 . “‘I Will Follow Him’: Family Ties, Gender-role Beliefs, and Reluctance to Relocate for a Better Job” . American Journal of Sociology , 97 : 1241 – 67 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bittman , Michael , Paula , England , Liana Sayer , Nancy Folbre and George , Matheson . 2003 . “When Does Gender Trump Money? Bargaining and Time on Household Work” . American Journal of Sociology , 109 : 186 – 214 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohrnstedt , George , W. and David , Knoke . 1988 . Statistics for Social Data Analysis , Italsca, IL : F.E. Peacock Publishers, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Budig , Michelle , J. and Paula , England . 2001 . “The Wage Penalty for Motherhood” . American Sociological Review , 66 : 204 – 25 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr and Deborah . 1996 . “Two Paths to Self-employment: Women's and Men's Self-employment in the United States, 1980” . Work and Occupations , 23 : 26 – 53 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , Lisa , E. , Joseph , P. Broschak and Heather , A. Haveman . 1998 . “And Then There Were More? The Effect of Organizational Sex Composition on the Hiring and Promotion of Managers” . American Sociological Review , 63 : 711 – 27 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen and Philip , N. 2002 . “Cohabitation and the Declining Marriage Premium for Men” . Work and Occupations , 29 : 346 – 63 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Corcoran , Mary and Greg , J. Duncan . 1979 . “Work History, Labor Force Attachment, and Earnings Differences between Races and Sexes” . Journal of Human Resources , 14 ( 1 ) : 3 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cotter , David , A. , Joan , M. Hermsen , Seth Ovadia and Reeve , Vanneman . 2001 . “The Glass Ceiling Effect” . Social Forces , 80 ( 2 ) : 655 – 82 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Current Population Survey 2002. “Table PINC-11. Income Distribution to $250,000 or More for Females [Males]:2001” Retrieved from http://ferret.bls.census.gov/macro/032002/perinc/new11_002.htm. Retrieved June 30, 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Duncan , R. Paul and Carolyn , C. Perrucci . 1976 . “Dual Occupation Families and Migration” . American Sociological Review , 41 : 252 – 61 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferree , Myra , Marx and Bandana , Purkayastha . 2000 . “Equality and Cumulative Disadvantage: Response to Baxter and Wright” . Gender & Society , 14 ( 6 ) : 809 – 13 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Firestone , Juanita , M. , Richard , J. Harris and Linda , C. Lambert . 1999 . “Gender Role Ideology and the Gender Based Differences in Earnings” . Journal of Family and Economic Issues , 20 ( 2 ) : 191 – 215 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Gabin and Nancy . 1990 . Feminism in the Labor Movement: Women and the United Auto Workers, 1935–1975 , Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hersch , Joni and Leslie , S. Stratton . 2000 . “Household Specialization and the Male Marriage Wage Premium” . Industrial & Labor Relations Review , 54 : 78 – 94 .
   Google Scholar
• Hogan and Richard . 2001 . “Class, Race, and Gender Inequality,” . Race, Gender and Class , 8 ( 2 ) : 61 – 93 .
   Google Scholar
• Hogan , Richard and Carolyn , C. Perrucci . 1998 . “Producing and Reproducing Class and Status Differences: Racial and Gender Gaps in U.S. Employment and Retirement Income” . Social Problems , 45 : 528 – 49 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Hogan , Richard , Carolyn , C. Perrucci and Janet , Wilmoth . 2000 . “ Gender Inequality in Employment and Retirement Income: Effects of Marriage, Industrial Sector, and Self-employment ” . Pp 27–54 in Social Change for Women and Children edited by V. Demos and M. T. Segal. Stamford, CT: JAI Press, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Hundley and Greg . 2000 . “Domestic Division of Labor and Self/Organizationally Employed Differences in Job Attitudes and Earnings” . Journal of Family and Economic Issues , 22 ( 2 ) : 121 – 39 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Juster , F. Thomas and Richard , Suzman . 1995 . “An Overview of the Health and Retirement Study” . The Journal of Human Resources , 30 : S268 – S292 .
   Google Scholar
• Kalleberg , Arne , L. and Mark , E. Van Buren . 1996 . “Is Bigger Better? Explaining the Relationship Between Organization Size and Job Rewards” . American Sociological Review , 61 : 41 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Maxfield and Linda , D. 1983 . “The 1982 New Beneficiary Survey: An Introduction” . Social Security Bulletin , 46 : 3 – 11 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oliver , Melvin , L. and Thomas , M. Shapiro . 1997 . Black Wealth/White Wealth: New Perspectives on Racial Inequality , New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• O'Rand Angela M. 1996 . “The Precious and the Precocious: Understanding Cumulative Disadvantage and Cumulative Advantage Over the Life Course” . The Gerontologist , 6 ( 2 ) : 230 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• O'Rand , Angela , M. and John , C. Henretta . 1999 . Age and Inequality: Diverse Pathways Through Later Life , Boulder, CO : Westview Press .
   Google Scholar
• Perrucci and Carolyn , C. 1978 . “Income Attainment of College Graduates: A Comparison of Employed Women and Men” . Sociology and Social Research , 62 : 361 – 86 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Perrucci , Carolyn , C. , Harry , R. Potter and Deborah , L. Rhoads . 1978 . “Determinants of Male Family-Role Performance” . Psychology of Women Quarterly , 3 : 53 – 66 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Pfeffer and Max , J. 1994 . “Low-Wage Employment and Ghetto Poverty: A Comparison of African-American and Cambodian Day-Haul Farm Workers in Philadelphia” . Social Problems , 41 : 9 – 29 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Portes , Alejandro and Min , Zhou . 1996 . “Self-employment and the Earnings of Immigrants” . American Sociological Review , 61 : 219 – 30 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Presser and Harriet , B. 1994 . “Employment Schedules Among Dual-Earner Spouses and the Division of Household Labor by Gender” . American Sociological Review , 59 : 348 – 64 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quadagno and Jill , S. 1988 . “Women's Access to Pensions and the Structure of Eligibility Rules: Systems of Production and Reproduction” . The Sociological Quarterly , 29 : 231 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Reskin , Barbara , F. and Naomi , Cassirer . 1996 . “Occupational Segregation by Gender, Race and Ethnicity” . Sociological Focus , 29 : 231 – 43 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Reskin , Barbara , F. and Debra , Branch McBrier . 2000 . “Why Not Ascription? Organizations’ Employment of Male and Female Managers” . American Sociological Review , 65 : 210 – 33 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reskin , Barbara , F. and Patricia , A. Roos . 1990 . Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads into Male Occupations , Philadelphia : Temple University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sanders , Jimy , M. and Victor , Nee . 1996 . “Social Capital, Human Capital, and Immigrant Self-employment” . American Sociological Review , 61 : 231 – 49 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlesinger and Arthur , M. Jr. 1983 . The Almanac of American History , New York, G.P. : Putnam Sons. .
   Google Scholar
• South , Scott , J. and Glenda , Spitze . 1994 . “Housework in Marital and Non-marital Households” . American Sociological Review , 59 : 327 – 47 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tam and Tony . 1997 . “Sex Segregation and Occupational Gender Inequality in the United States: Devaluation or Specialized Training?” . American Journal of Sociology , 102 : 1652 – 92 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tilly and Charles . 1998 . Durable Inequality , Berkeley : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tomaskovic-Devey and Donald . 1993 . Gender & Racial Inequality at Work , New York, Ithaca : ILR Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tomaskovic-Devey , Donald and Sheryl , Skaggs . 2002 . “Sex Segregation, Labor Process Organization, and Gender Earnings Inequality” . American Journal of Sociology , 108 : 102 – 28 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. 2002 Census Bureau “Woman's Earnings as a Percentage of Men's Earnings by Race and Hispanic Origin: 1960–2001,” Current Population Survey, Annual Demographic Supplements, published September 2002. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov.hhes/income/histinc/p.40.html.
   Google Scholar
• Wellington and Alison , J. 1994 . “Accounting for the Male/Female Wage Gap Among Whites: 1976 and 1985” . American Sociological Review , 59 : 839 – 48 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Wright and Erik , O. 1997 . Class Counts: Comparative Studies in Class Analysis , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , Erik , Olin , Janeen Baxter and Gunn Elisabeth Birkelund . 1995 . “The Gender Gap in Workplace Authority: A Cross-National Study” . American Sociological Review , 60 : 407 – 35 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright , Erik , O. and Luca , Perrone . 1977 . “Marxist Class Categories and Income Inequality” . American Sociological Review , 42 : 32 – 55 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar