Humic substances as a background electrolyte in capillary electrophoresis

References

• Hayes , M. H.B. 1998 . Humic substances: progress towards more realistic concepts of structures, in Humic Substances: Structures, Properties and Uses , Edited by: Davis , G. and Ghabbour , E. A. 1 – 28 . Cambridge : The Royal Society of Chemistry .
   Google Scholar
• Orlov , D. S. 1990 . Soil Humic Acids and General Humification Theory , Moscow, , in Russian : Moscow State University Publisher .
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson , F. J. 1994 . “ Humus Chemistry: Genesis, Composition, Reactions ” . In , 2 , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Pacheco , M. L. , Peña-Méndez , E. M. and Havel , J. 2003 . Supramolecular interactions of humic acids with organic and inorganic xenobiotics studied by capillary electrophoresis . Chemosphere , 51 : 95 – 108 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook , R. L. and Langford , C. H. 1999 . A biogeopolymeric view of humic substances with application to paramagnetic metal effects on C NMR, in Understanding Humic Substances: Advanced Methods, Properties and Applications , Edited by: Ghabbour , E. A. and Davies , G. 31 – 48 . Cambridge : The Royal Society of Chemistry .
   Google Scholar
• von Wandruszka , R. , Ragle , C. and Engebretson , R. 1997 . The role of selected cations in the formation of pseudomicelles in aqueous humic acid . Talanta , 44 : 805 – 809 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chakraborty , P. 2010 . Study of cadmium–humic interactions and determination of stability constants of cadmium–humate complexes from their diffusion coefficients obtained by scanned stripping voltammetry and dynamic light scattering techniques . Anal. Chim. Acta , 659 : 137 – 143 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt , P. , Kettrup , A. , Freitag , D. and Garrison , A. W. 1996 . Flocculation of humic substances with metal ions as followed by capillary zone electrophoresis . Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. , 354 : 915 – 920 .
   Google Scholar
• Bryan , N. D. , Jones , M. N. , Birkett , J. and Livens , F. R. 2001 . Aggregation of humic substances by metal ions measured by ultracentrifugation . Anal. Chim. Acta , 437 : 291 – 308 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , S. and Mulligan , C. N. 2009 . Enhanced mobilization of arsenic and heavy metals from mine tailings by humic acid . Chemosphere , 74 : 274 – 279 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordén , M. and Dabek-Zlotorzynska , E. 1996 . Study of metal–fulvic acid interactions by capillary electrophoresis . J. Chromatogr. A , 739 : 421 – 429 .
   Google Scholar
• Guéguen , C. , Koukal , B. , Dominik , J. and Pardos , M. 2003 . Competition between alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), humic substances and EDTA for Cd and Zn control in the algal assay procedure (AAP) medium . Chemosphere , 53 : 927 – 934 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Moraes , S. L. and Rezende , M. O.O. 2008 . Capillary electrophoresis (CE): a powerful tool to characterize humic acid (HA) . J. Braz. Chem. Soc. , 19 : 24 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Naujalis , E. and Padarauskas , A. 2002 . Development of capillary electrophoresis for the determination of metal ions using mixed partial and complete complexation techniques . J. Chromatogr. A , 977 : 135 – 142 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen , Z.-L. and Naidu , R. 2002 . On-column complexation of metal ions using 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and separation of their anionic complexes by capillary electrophoresis with direct UV detection . J. Chromatogr. A , 966 : 245 – 251 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Peuravuori , J. , Lepane , V. , Lehtonen , T. and Pihlaja , K. 2004 . Comparative study for separation of aquatic humic substances by capillary zone electrophoresis using uncoated, polymer coated and gel-filled capillaries . J. Chromatogr. A , 1023 : 129 – 142 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schmitt , Ph. , Freitag , D. , Trapp , I. , Garrison , A. W. , Schiavon , M. and Kettrup , A. 1997 . Binding of s-triazines to dissolved humic substances: electrophoretic approaches using affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) . Chemosphere , 35 : 55 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Pompe , S. , Heise , K.-H. and Nitsche , H. 1996 . Capillary electrophoresis for a ‘fingerprint’ characterization of fulvic and humic acids . J. Chromatogr. A , 723 : 215 – 218 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fetsch , D. , Fetsch , M. , Peña-Méndez , E. M. and Havel , J. 1998 . Humic acid capillary zone electrophoresis adsorption on capillary walls, separation in metal ion supplemented buffer and the fingerprints . Electrophoresis , 19 : 2465 – 2473 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Moraes , S. L. and Rezende , M. O.O. 2005 . Behaviour of humic acid as a micellar phase in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) . Microchim. Acta , 151 : 115 – 122 .
   Google Scholar
• Lloyd , D. K. , Aubry , A.-F. and De Lorenzi , E. 1997 . Selectivity in capillary electrophoresis: the use of proteins . J. Chromatogr. A , 792 : 349 – 369 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Übner , M. , Kaljurand , M. and Lopp , M. 2004 . Interactions of Pb2+ with fulvic acid by electrophoretically mediated on-capillary microanalysis . J. Chromatogr. A , 1057 : 253 – 256 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Übner , M. , Kaljurand , M. and Lopp , M. 2007 . Suppression of solute–wall interactions in humic acid capillary electrophoretic analysis by its diluted solution as background electrolyte . Colloid Surface A , 302 : 634 – 637 .
   Google Scholar
• Šenkýr , J. , Ročáková , A. , Fetsch , D. and Havel , J. 1999 . The acidobasic and complexation propeties of humic acids . Toxicol. Environ. Chem. , 68 : 377 – 391 .
   Google Scholar
• Übner , M. , Treuman , M. , Viitak , A. and Lopp , M. 2004 . Properties of humic substances from the Baltic Sea and Lake Ermistu mud . J. Soils Sediments , 4 : 24 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Übner , M. , Lepane , V. , Lopp , M. and Kaljurand , M. 2004 . Electrophoretic aggregation of humic acid . J. Chromatogr. A , 1045 : 253 – 258 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Logan , E. M. , Pulford , I. D. , Cook , G. T. and Mackenzie , A. B. 1997 . Complexation of Cu and Pb by peat and humic acid . Eur. J. Soil Sci. , 48 : 685 – 696 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia , K. , Bleam , W. and Helmke , P. A. 1997 . Studies of the nature of Cu and Pb binding sites in soil humic substances using X-ray absorption spectroscopy . Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , 61 : 2211 – 2221 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan , G. and Yan , J. 2010 . Binding constants of lead by humic and fulvic acids studied by anodic stripping square wave voltammetry . Russ. J. Electrochem. , 46 : 90 – 94 .
   Google Scholar
• Gondar , D. , Lopez , R. , Fiol , S. , Antelo , J. M. and Arce , F. 2006 . Cadmium, lead, and copper binding to humic acid and fulvic acid extracted from an ombrotrophic peat bog . Geoderma , 135 : 196 – 203 .
   Google Scholar
• Sekaly , A. L.R. , Mandal , R. , Hassan , N. M. , Murimboh , J. , Chakrabarti , C. L. , Back , M. H. , Grégoire , D. C. and Schroeder , W. H. 1999 . Effect of metal/fulvic acid mole ratios on the binding of Ni(II), Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), and Al(III) by two well-characterized fulvic acids in aqueous model solutions . Anal. Chim. Acta , 402 : 211 – 221 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey , A. K. , Pandey , S. D. and Misra , V. 2000 . Stability constants of metal–humic acid complexes and its role in environmental detoxification . Ecotox. Environ. Safe. , 47 : 195 – 200 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kautenburger , R. 2009 . Influence of metal concentration and the presence of competing cations on europium and gadolinium speciation with humic acid analysed by CE-ICP-MS . J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom. , 24 : 934 – 938 .
   Google Scholar
• Pourret , O. and Martinez , R. E. 2009 . Modeling lanthanide series binding sites on humic acid . J. Colloid Interface Sci. , 330 : 45 – 50 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beck , H. P. , Keuth , U. , Schank , H. and Wagner , H. 2000 . “ Characterization and fractionation of humic acid and determination of complex formation constants with toxic heavy metals, in Influence of Humic Acids on the Migration Behaviour of Radioactive and Non-Radioactive Substances Under Conditions Close to Nature. Final Report ” . Edited by: Marquardt , C. M. 79 – 124 . Karlsruhe : Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH . Available at http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/vvv/fzk/6557/6557.pdf
   Google Scholar