Large pelagic fish, swordfish, bluefin and small tunas, in the Ligurian Sea: biological characteristics and fishery trends

References

• IREPA . “ Osservatorio economico sulle strutture produttive della pesca marittima in Italia 2003–07 ” . 2004 – 2009 . Milan : Collana IREPA Ricerche, FrancoAngeli Edizioni .
   Google Scholar
• Di Natale , A. , Srour , A. , Hattour , A. , Keskin , Ç. , Idrissi , M. and Orsi Relini , L. 2009 . Regional study on small tunas in the Mediterranean including the Black Sea . FAO, GFCM, Studies Rev. Rome , 85 : 132
   Google Scholar
• Relini , G. 2007 . “ Dominio Pelagico – Il Santuario dei Cetacei ‘Pelagos’. Quaderni Habitat 16, Ministero dell'Ambiente e delle tutela del Territorio e del Mare ” . Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale–Comune di Udine . (in Italian and English) Available at http://www.minambiente.it/index.php?id_sezione=2132
   Google Scholar
• Cattaneo Vietti , R. , Albertelli , G. , Aliani , S. , Bava , S. , Bavestrello , G. , Benedetti Cecchi , L. , Bianchi , C. N. , Bozzo , E. , Capello , M. , Castellano , M. , Cerrano , C. , Chiantore , M. , Corradi , N. , Cocito , S. , Cutroneo , L. , Diviacco , G. , Fabiano , M. , Faimali , M. , Ferrari , M. , Gasparini , G. P. , Locritani , M. , Mangialajo , L. , Marin , V. , Moreno , M. , Morri , C. , Orsi Relini , L. , Pane , L. , Paoli , C. , Petrillo , M. , Povero , P. , Pronzato , R. , Relini , G. , Santangelo , G. , Tucci , S. , Tunesi , L. , Vacchi , M. , Vassallo , P. , Vezzulli , L. and Wurtz , M. 2010 . The Ligurian Sea: present status, problems and perspectives . Chem. Ecol. , 26 ( Suppl. ) : 319 – 340 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. and Garibaldi , F. 1993 . Notes about the structure of the fished stock of swordfish from the Ligurian Sea . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 40 ( 1 ) : 400 – 403 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. and Cima , C. 1999 . Longline swordfish fishery in the Ligurian Sea: Eight years of observations on target and by-catch species . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 49 ( 1 ) : 146 – 150 .
   Google Scholar
• Mejuto , J. 1999 . A possible relationship between the NAO index and the swordfish (Xiphias gladius) recruitment index in the North Atlantic: Hypothesis of reproduction and possible effects on recruitment levels . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 49 ( 4 ) : 339 – 345 .
   Google Scholar
• L. Orsi Relini, ed., Gruppo di studio ed elementi di base per la gestione dei grandi pesci pelagici. Progetto coordinato di 7 Unità Operative. VI Piano triennale della pesca (Legge 41/82), 6A57, Relazione finale Ministero delle politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, responsabile L. Orsi Relini, 2006, p. 145 Available at: http://www.politicheagricole.it/catalogo-pesca/home.asp
   Google Scholar
• Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Cima , C. , Lanteri , L. , Relini , M. and Orsi Relini , L. 2006 . Looking for reference points for the Mediterranean swordfish fishery: The case study of the Ligurian Sea . FAO, GFCM, Studies Rev. Rome , 83 : 55 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Cima , C. , Lanteri , L. and Relini , M. 2008 . A time series of swordfish longline CPUE in the northwestern Mediterranean: Search for exploitation and/or climatic factors influencing fish abundance . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 62 ( 4 ) : 1097 – 1106 .
   Google Scholar
• Mejuto , J. 2003 . Recruit indices of the North Atlantic swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and their possible links to atmospheric and oceanographic indicators during the 1982–2000 period . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 55 ( 4 ) : 1506 – 1515 .
   Google Scholar
• Abella , A. , Fiorentino , F. , Mannini , A. and Orsi Relini , L. 2008 . Exploring relationships between recruitment of European hake (Merluccius merluccius L. 1758) and environmental factors in the Ligurian Sea and the Strait of Sicily (Central Mediterranean) . J. Mar. Syst. , 71 : 279 – 293 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tserpes , G. , Peristeraki , P. and Di Natale , A. 2001 . Size distribution of swordfish landings in the central and eastern Mediterranean . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 52 ( 2 ) : 733 – 739 .
   Google Scholar
• Ruiz , J. , Prieto , L. , Navarro , G. , Rodriguez-Galvez , S. and Gonzales-Quiros , R. 2007 . Environmental forcing on anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) catches in the southern Iberian Peninsula . CIESM, Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer. Mediterr. , 38 : 194
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. and Garibaldi , F. 2003 . Reproductive parameters of the Mediterranean swordfish . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 10 ( 2 ) : 210 – 222 .
   Google Scholar
• Garibaldi , F. , Palandri , G. and Orsi Relini , L. 2004 . Documentazione della riproduzione del pesce spada, Xiphias gladius L. in Mar Ligure . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 11 ( 2 ) : 595 – 598 .
   Google Scholar
• Rollandi , L. , Garibaldi , F. , Palandri , G. and Orsi Relini , L. 2004 . Correlazione tra tasso di crescita e maturazione sessuale nella femmina del pesce spada (Xiphias gladius L.) . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 11 ( 2 ) : 174 – 176 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Cima , C. , Relini , M. and Torchia , G. 1999 . Biological parameters of the Mediterranean swordfish derived from observations in the Ligurian Sea . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 49 ( 1 ) : 397 – 406 .
   Google Scholar
• Tserpes , G. and Tsimenidis , N. 1995 . Determination of age and growth of swordfish, Xiphias gladius L. 1758, in the Eastern Mediterranean using anal fin spines . Fish. Bull. , 93 : 594 – 602 .
   Google Scholar
• Anon . 2008 . Report of the 2007 Mediterranean Swordfish Stock Assessment Session (Madrid, Spain, September 3 to 7, 2007) . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 62 : 951 – 1038 . 2008
   Google Scholar
• Garibaldi , F. , Palandri , G. and Orsi Relini , L. 1999 . The first Mediterranean recapture, useful for growth studies, of tagged swordfish . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 49 ( 1 ) : 151 – 152 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Garibaldi , F. , Cima , C. and Palandri , G. 1995 . Feeding of the swordfish, the bluefin and other pelagic nekton in the Western Ligurian Sea . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 44 ( 1 ) : 283 – 286 .
   Google Scholar
• Garibaldi , F. and Orsi Relini , L. 2000 . Abbondanza estiva, taglie e nicchia alimentare della verdesca nel Santuario Pelagico del Mar Ligure . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 7 ( 1 ) : 324 – 333 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Cima , C. , Garibaldi , F. , Palandri , G. , Relini , M. and Torchia , G. 1999 . La pesca professionale con i palamiti galleggianti nel ‘Santuario dei Cetacei’ del Mar Ligure: si tratta di attività ecocompatibili? . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 6 ( 1 ) : 100 – 109 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. 2000 . Pesche professionali d'altura e catture di verdesca, Prionace glauca . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 7 ( 1 ) : 313 – 323 .
   Google Scholar
• Garibaldi , F. 2004 . “ Relazioni trofiche tra predatori di vertice del Santuario dei Cetacei ” . Università di Genova . Ph.D. thesis
   Google Scholar
• Canese , S. , Garibaldi , F. , Orsi Relini , L. and Greco , S. 2008 . Swordfish tagging with pop up satellite tags in the Mediterranean Sea . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 62 ( 4 ) : 1052 – 1057 .
   Google Scholar
• Block , B. A. , Teo , S. L.H. , Walli , A. , Boustany , A. , Stokesbury , J. W.M. , Farwell , C. J. , Weng , K. C. , Dewar , H. and Williams , T. D. 2005 . Electronic tagging and population structure of Atlantic bluefin tuna . Nature , 434 : 1121 – 1127 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rooker , J. R. , Secor , D. H. , Zdanowicz , V. S. , De Metrio , G. and Orsi Relini , L. 2003 . Identification of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) stocks from putative nurseries using otolith chemistry . Fish. Oceanogr. , 12 : 75 – 84 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rooker , J. R. , Bremer , J. R.A. , Block , B. A. , Dewar , H. , De Metrio , G. , Corriero , A. , Kraus , R. T. , Prince , E. D. , Rodriguez-Marin , E. and Secor , D. H. 2007 . Life history and stock structure of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) . Rev. Fish. Sci. , 15 : 265 – 310 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piccinetti , C. , Piccinetti Manfrin , G. and Soro , S. 1996 . Larve di tunnidi in Mediterraneo . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 3 ( 1 ) : 303 – 309 .
   Google Scholar
• Piccinetti , C. , Piccinetti-Manfrin , G. and Soro , S. 1996 . Résultats d'une campagne de recherche sur les larves de thonidés en Mediterranée . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 46 ( 2 ) : 207 – 214 .
   Google Scholar
• Karakulak , S. , Oray , I. , Corriero , A. , Deflorio , M. , Santamaria , N. , Desantis , S. and De Metrio , G. 2004 . Evidence of a spawning area for the bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) in the Eastern Mediterranean . J. Appl. Ichthyol. , 20 : 318 – 320 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia , A. , Alemany , F. , Velez-Belchi , P. , Lopez Jurado , J. L. , de la Serna , J. M. , Gonzalez Pola , C. , Rodriguez , J. M. and Jansá , J. 2003 . Bluefin tuna and associated species spawning grounds in the oceanographic scenario of the Balearic archipelago during June 2001 . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 55 ( 1 ) : 138 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• García , A. , Alemany , F. , Vélez-Belchy , P. , Rodriguez , J. M. , López Jurado , J. L. , González Pola , C. and de la Serna , J. M. 2003 . Bluefin and frigate tuna spawning off the Balearic archipelago in the environmental conditions observed during the 2002 spawning season . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 55 ( 3 ) : 1261 – 1270 .
   Google Scholar
• García , A. , Alemany , F. , Velez-Belchí , P. , López Jurado , J. L. , Cortés , D. , de la Serna , J. M. , González Pola , C. , Rodríguez , J. M. , Jansá , L. and Ramírez , T. 2005 . Characterization of the bluefin tuna spawning habitat off the Balearic archipelago in relation to key hydrographic features and associated environmental conditions . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 58 ( 2 ) : 535 – 549 .
   Google Scholar
• Relini , M. , Palandri , G. and Torchia , G. 1995 . Tagging of Thunnus thynnus juveniles in the Ligurian Sea, autumn 1994 . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 44 ( 1 ) : 378
   Google Scholar
• G.P. Gasparini and M. Astraldi, Experimental evidence of the interannual variability of the currents in two Mediterranean straits: The Strait of Sicily and the Corsica channel. Tracking long-term hydrological change in the Mediterranean Sea, in CIESM Workshop Series No. 16, Monaco, (2002), pp. 45–52
   Google Scholar
• Parona , C. 1919 . Il tonno e la sua pesca . Mem. R. Com. Talassograf. Ital. Venezia, , 68 : 1 – 265 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Cima , C. and Palandri , G. 1995 . Preliminary observations on bluefin tuna catches in the Ligurian Sea. Catches in 1992. Size/age key for young. Length/weight relationship . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 44 ( 2 ) : 355 – 357 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Relini , M. , Cima , C. , Garibaldi , F. and Torchia , G. 1996 . Accrescimento del tonno rosso giovanile nel mar Ligure . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 3 ( 1 ) : 310 – 316 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Relini , M. , Cima , C. and Torchia , G. 1997 . Seasonal growth in young bluefin tuna of the Ligurian Sea . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 46 ( 2 ) : 122 – 128 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Relini , M. , Cima , C. and Torchia , G. 1998 . Studi sui grandi Pelagici del Mar Ligure: pesca, biologia, relazioni con l'ambiente . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 5 ( 3 ) : 199 – 214 .
   Google Scholar
• Lanteri , L. 2007 . “ Studio sull'età e l'accrescimento di grandi pesci pelagici di alto valore commerciale ed ecologico ” . Università di Genova . PhD thesis
   Google Scholar
• Santamaria , N. , Bello , G. , Corriero , A. , Deflorio , M. , Vassallo-Agius , R. , Bok , T. and De Metrio , G. 2009 . Age and growth of Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (Osteichthyes: Thunnidae), in the Mediterranean Sea . J. Appl. Ichthyol. , 25 : 38 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , De Pellegrini , R. , Drava , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Lanteri , L. , Minganti , V. , Palandri , G. and Relini , M. 2007 . Growth in length and weight and mercury content in small fattened bluefin tuna . CIESM, Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Médit. , 38 : 297
   Google Scholar
• Furnestin , J. and Dardignac , J. 1962 . Le thon rouge du Maroc Atlantique (Thunnus thynnus) . Rev. Trav. Inst. Pêches Marit. , 26 ( 4 ) : 381 – 397 .
   Google Scholar
• Cort , J. L. 1990 . Biologia y pesca del atun rojo, Thunnus thynnus (L.), del Mar Cantabrico . Publ. Espec. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. Madrid, N°4 , : 272
   Google Scholar
• Corriero , A. , Karakulak , S. , Santamaria , N. , Deflorio , M. , Spedicato , D. , Addis , P. , Desantis , S. , Cirillo , F. , Fenech-Farrugia , A. , Vassallo-Agius , R. , De la Serna , J. M. , Oray , Y. , Cau , A. , Megalofonou , P. and De Metrio , G. 2005 . Size and age at sexual maturity of female bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L. 1758) rom the Mediterranean Sea . J. Appl. Ichthyol. , 21 : 483 – 486 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landi , M. , Ferrara , G. , Sella , M. , Orsi Relini , L. , Relini , G. , Piccinetti , C. and Tinti , F. 2007 . How human forcings affect ecological properties of large pelagic fish in the Mediterranean? Historical genetic changes in the overexploited bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) . CIESM, Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Médit. , 38 : 528
   Google Scholar
• Collette , B. B. and Nauen , C. E. 1983 . FAO Species catalogue Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackarels, bonitos and related species known to date . FAO, Fish. Synop. , 125 ( 2 ) : 137
   Google Scholar
• Vinas , J. , Alvarado Bremer , J. and Plab , C. 2004 . Phylogeography of the Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) in the northern Mediterranean: The combined effects of historical vicariance, population expansion, secondary invasion, and isolation by distance . Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. , 33 : 32 – 42 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Garibaldi , F. , Cima , C. , Palandri , G. , Lanteri , L. and Relini , M. 2005 . Biology of Atlantic bonito, Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793), in the western and central Mediterranean. A summary concerning a possible stock unit . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 58 ( 2 ) : 575 – 588 .
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Roda , J. 1966 . Estudio de la bacoreta, Euthynnus alleteratus (Raf.) bonito, Sarda sarda (Bloch) y melva, Auxis thazard (Lac.), capturados por las almadrabas españolas . Inv. Pesq. , 30 : 247 – 292 .
   Google Scholar
• Rey , J. C. , Lot , E. A. and Ramos , A. 1984 . Synopsis biologica del bonito, Sarda sarda (Bloch), del Mediterraneo y Atlantico Este . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 20 ( 2 ) : 469 – 502 .
   Google Scholar
• Relini , M. , Palandri , G. and Orsi Relini , L. 2007 . Monitoraggio di grandi pesci pelagici dalla tonnarella di Camogli: il caso della palamita, Sarda sarda (Bloch) . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 14 ( 2 ) : 116 – 117 .
   Google Scholar
• Collette , B. B. and Aadland , C. R. 1996 . Revision of the frigate tunas (Scombridae, Auxis), with descriptions of two new subspecies from the eastern Pacific . Fish. Bull. , 94 : 423 – 441 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Lanteri , L. and Tinti , F. 2009 . Between lumpers and splitters, which taxonomical approach to Mediterranean small tunas of genus Auxis? . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 64 ( 7 ) : 2200 – 2210 .
   Google Scholar
• Orsi Relini , L. , Palandri , G. , Garibaldi , F. , Lanteri , L. , Cilli , E. , Ferrara , G. and Tinti , F. 2008 . Towards a new taxonomical approach to Mediterranean small tunas of genus Auxis . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 15 ( 1 ) : 207 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Relini , M. , Palandri , G. , Lanteri , L. , Garibaldi , F. , Tinti , F. and Orsi Relini , L. 2007 . Monitoraggio di Grandi pesci pelagici dalla Tonnarella di Camogli: il caso del tombarello, Auxis rochei . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 14 ( 2 ) : 114 – 115 .
   Google Scholar
• Palandri , G. , Lanteri , L. , Garibaldi , F. and Orsi Relini , L. 2009 . Biological parameter of the Bullet tuna in the Ligurian Sea, GFCM/ICCAT Meeting on small tunas fisheries in the Mediterranean . ICCAT, Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. , 64 ( 7 ) : 2272 – 2279 .
   Google Scholar
• Relini , M. 2001 . Changes in a north western Mediterranean fish coastal assemblage on the basis of the catches of the Camogli tuna trap . CIESM Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer. Medit. , 36 : 314
   Google Scholar
• Ravier , C. and Fromentin , J. M. 2001 . Long-term fluctuations in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean bluefin tuna population . ICES J. Mar. Sci. , 58 : 1299 – 1317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ates , R. M.L. 1988 . Medusivorous fishes, a review . Zool. Mededelingen, , 62 : 29 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Arai , M. N. 2005 . Predation on pelagic coelenterates: A review . J. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK , 85 : 523 – 536 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boero , F. and Carli , A. 1979 . Catture di Elasmobranchi nella tonnarella di Camogli (Genova) dal 1950 al 1974 . Boll. Mus. Ist. Univ. , 47 : 27 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Ferretti , F. , Myers , R. A. , Serena , F. and Lotze , H. K. 2008 . Loss of large predatory sharks from the Mediterranean Sea . Conserv. Biol. , 22 ( 4 ) : 952 – 964 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills , C. E. 2001 . Jellyfish blooms: Are populations increasing globally in response to changing ocean conditions? . Hydrobiologia , 451 : 55 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purcell , J. E. 2005 . Climate effects on formation of jellyfish and ctenophore blooms: A review . J. Mar. Bio. Ass. UK , 85 : 461 – 476 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purcell , J. E. , Uye , S.-I. and Lo , W.-T. 2007 . Anthropogenic causes of jellyfish blooms and their direct consequences for humans: A review . Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. , 350 : 153 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boero , F. , Bouillon , J. , Gravili , C. , Miglietta , M. P. , Parsons , T. R. and Piraino , S. 2008 . Gelatinous plankton: Irregularities rule the world (sometimes) . Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. , 356 : 299 – 310 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doumenge , F. 1999 . La storia delle pesche tonniere . Biol. Mar. Mediterr. , 6 ( 2 ) : 5 – 106 .
   Google Scholar