Preliminary Evaluation of the Use of Phosphogypsum for Reef Substrate. Ii. A Study of the Effects of Phosphogypsum Exposure On Diversity and Biomass of Aquatic Organisms

References

• Austen , M. C. , McEvoy , A. J. and Warwick , R. M. 1994 . The specificity of meiobenthic community responses to different pollutants - results from microcosm experiments. . Marine Pollution Bulletin , 28 : 557 – 563 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carman , K. R. , Fleeger , J. W. and Pomarico , S. 1997 . Response of a benthic food web to hydrocarbon contamination. . Limnology and Oceanography , 42 : 561 – 574 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandler , G. T. and Fleeger , J. W. 1983 . Meiofaunal colonization of azoic estuarine sediment in Louisiana: mechanisms of dispersal. . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 69 : 175 – 188 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandler , G. T. and Fleeger , J. W. 1987 . Facilitative and inhibitory interactions among estuarine meiobenthic harpacticoid copepods. . Ecology , 68 1906–1919.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke , K. R. 1993 . Non-parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. . Australian Journal of Ecology , 18 : 117 – 143 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coull , B. C. 1988 . “ Ecology of the marine meiofauna ” . In Introduction to the Study of Meiofauna , Edited by: Higgins , R. P. and Thiel , H. 18 – 38 . Washington, D. C. : Smithsonian Institution Press .
   Google Scholar
• Coull , B. C. 1990 . Are members of the meiofauna food for higher trophic levels? . Transactions of the American Microscopical Society , 109 : 233 – 246 .
   Google Scholar
• Coull , B. C. and Chandler , G. T. 1992 . Pollution and meiofauna: Field, laboratory and mesocosm studies. . Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review , 30 : 191 – 271 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day , J. W. , Hall , C. A. , Kemp , W. M. and Yanez-Aranciba , A. 1989 . Estuarine Ecology , 558 New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• DeLaune , R. D. , Smith , C. J. , Patrick , W. H. J. , Fleeger , J. W. and Tolley , M. D. 1984 . Effect of oil on salt marsh biota: Methods for restoration. . Environmental Pollution , 36 : 207 – 227 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dexter , D. M. 1995 . and its presence in the Salton Sea. . Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Science , 94 : 169 – 171 . Salinity tolerance of Cletocamptus deitersi (Richard 1897)
   Google Scholar
• Fleeger , J. W. 1985 . Meiofauna densities and copepod community composition in a Louisiana, USA Estuary. . Transactions of the American Microscopical Society , 104 : 321 – 332 .
   Google Scholar
• Krebs , C. J. 1972 . Ecology: The Experimental Analysis of Distribution and Abundance , 694 New York : Harper and Row .
   Google Scholar
• Long , E. R. , Macdonald , D. , Smith , S. L. and Calder , F. D. 1995 . Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments. . Environmental Management , 19 : 81 – 97 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lotufo , G. R. 1997 . Toxicity of sediment-associated PAHs to an estuarine copepod: effects on survival, feeding, reproduction and behavior. . Marine Environmental Research , 44 : 149 – 166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCall , J. N. and Fleeger , J. W. 1993 . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 174 : 121 – 134 . Recognition and utilization of prey aggregations by juvenile spot (Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede).
   Google Scholar
• McCall , J. N. and Fleeger , J. W. 1995 . Predation by juvenile fish on hyperbenthic meiofauna: a review with data on post-larval . Leiostomus xanthurus. Viu Milieu , 45 : 61 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millward , R. N. and Grant , A. 1995 . Assessing the impact of copper on nematode communities from a chronically metal-enriched estuary using pollution-induced community tolerance. . Marine Pollution Bulletin , 30 : 701 – 706 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieland , D. L. , Wilson , C. A. , Fleeger , J. F. , Sun , B. , Malone , R. F. and Chen , S. 1998 . “ Preliminary evaluation of the use of phosphogypsum for reef substrate; I. An aquarium study of bioaccumulation of radium and six heavy metals in an aquatic food chain ” . In Chemistry and Ecology (this proceedings).
   Google Scholar
• Palmer , M. A. 1988 . Dispersal of marine meiofauna: a review and conceptual model explaining passive transport and active emergence with implications for recruitment. . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 48 : 81 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokal , R. R. and Rohlf , F. J. 1969 . Biometry , 776 San Francisco : W. H. Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Somerfield , P. J. , Gee , J. M. and Warwick , R. M. 1994 . Soft sediment meiofaunal community structure in relation to a long-term heavy metal gradient in the Fal Estuary System. . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 105 : 79 – 88 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun , B. and Fleeger , J. W. 1994 . Field experiments on the colonization of meiofauna into sediment depressions. . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 110 : 167 – 175 .
   Google Scholar
• Vopel , K. , Dehmlow , J. and Ark , G. 1996 . in relation to oxygen and sulphide microprofiles of a brackish water sulphuretum. . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 141 : 129 – 137 . Vertical distribution of Cletocamptus confluens (Copepoda, Harpacticoida)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warwick , R. M. 1988 . The level of taxonomic discrimination required to detect pollution effects on marine benthic communities. . Marine Pollution Bulletin , 19 : 259 – 268 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar