REFERENCES
- Clark T J, Hetzel M R. Diurnal variation of asthma. Br J Dis Chest 1977; 71: 87–92, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Skloot G S. Nocturnal asthma: Mechanisms and management. Mt Sinai J Med 2002; 69: 140–147, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Calhoun W J. Nocturnal asthma. Chest 2003; 123(3 Suppl)399S–405S, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Pincus D J, Beam W R, Martin R J. Chronobiology and chronotherapy of asthma. Clin Chest Med 1995; 16: 699–713, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Barnes P, Fitzgerald G, Brown M, Dollery C. Nocturnal asthma and changes in circulating epinephrine, histamine and cortisol. N Engl J Med 1980; 3030: 263–267, [CSA]
- Bates M E, Clayton M, Calhoun W, Jarjour N, Schrader L, Geiger K, Schultz T, Sedgwick J, Swenson C, Busse W. Relationship of plasma epinephrine and circulating eosinophils to nocturnal asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 667–672, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Morrison J F, Pearson S B. The effect of the circadian rhythm of vagal activity on bronchomotor tone in asthma. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 28: 545–549, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Mackay T W, Wallace W AH, Howie S EM, Brown P H, Greening A P, Church M K, Douglas N J. Role of inflammation in nocturnal asthma. Thorax 1994; 49: 257–262, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Panzer S E, Dodge A M, Kelly E A, Jarjour N N. Circadian variation of sputum inflammatory cells in mild asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 111: 308–312, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kelly E A, Houtman J J, Jarjour N N. Inflammatory changes associated with circadian variation in pulmonary function in subjects with mild asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34: 227–233, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Sutherland E R, Ellison M C, Kraft M, Martin R J. Elevated serum melatonin is associated with nocturnal worsening of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 112: 513–517, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Brenner B E, Kohn M S. The acute asthmatic patient in the ED: To admit or discharge. Am J Emerg Med 1998; 16: 69–75, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Brenner B E, Chavda K K, Karakurum M B, Karras D J, Camargo C A, Jr. MARC Investigators. Circadian differences among 4,096 emergency department patients with acute asthma. Crit Care Med 2001; 29: 1124–1129, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Karras D J, D'Alonzo G E, Heilpern K L. Is circadian variation in asthma severity relevant in the emergency department?. Ann Emerg Med 1995; 26: 558–562, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Beveridge R, Clark B, Janes L, Thompson J, Dodd G, Murray M, Jordan C N, Warren D, Vadeboncoeur A. Canadian Emergency Department Triage and Acuity Scale: Implementation guidelines. Can J Emerg Med 1991; 1(Suppl. 3)S1–24, Online version available at: www.caep.ca/002.policies/002-02.ctas.htm (last accessed February 20, 2006)[CSA]
- Fuller W A. Introduction to Statistical Time Series, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 1976
- Liang K Y, Zeger S L. Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika 1986; 73: 13–22, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Zeger S L, Liang K Y. Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes. Biometrics 1986; 42: 121–130, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan B TB, Schull M J, Schultz S E. Atlas Report 1993–2000. Emergency department services in Ontario. ICES Atlas Report Series, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto 2001, Available: www.ices.on.ca/PDFs/AtlasReports/EDreport.pdf (last accessed February 20, 2006)
- Wilkins R. PCCF+ Version 4D User's Guide (Geocodes/PCCF). Automated Geographic Coding Based on the Statistics Canada Postal Code Cinversion Files. Health Analysis and Measurement Group, Statistics Canada, Ottawa 2004, Including Postal Codes to December 2003 (Catalogue 82F0086-XDB)
- Horton N J, Bebchuk J D, Jones C L, Lipsitz S R, Catalano P J, Zahner G E, Fitzmaurice G M. Goodness of fit for GEE: An example with mental health service utilization. Stat Med 1999; 18: 213–222, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Cox DR: Regression models and life tables [with discussion]. J R Stat Soc Series B (Methodological) 1972; 34: 187–220, [CSA]
- Hosmer D W, Lemeshow S. Applied Survival Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York 1999
- Rodrigo G J, Rodrigo C. Rapid-onset asthma attack: A prospective cohort study about characteristics and response to emergency department treatment. Chest 2000; 118: 1547–1552, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Galdas P M, Cheater F, Marshall P. Men and health help-seeking behaviour: Literature review. J Adv Nurs 2005; 49: 616–623, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Cydulka R K, Emerman C L, Rowe B H, Clark S, Woodruff P G, Singh A K, Camargo C A, Jr. MARC Investigators. Differences between men and women in reporting of symptoms during an asthma exacerbation. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 38: 123–128, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Schatz M, Camargo C. The relationship of sex to asthma prevalence, health care utilization, and medications in a large managed care organization. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2003; 91: 553–558, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Singh A K, Cydulka R K, Stahmer S A, Woodruff P G, Camargo C A, Jr. Sex differences among adults presenting to the emergency department with acute asthma. Multicenter Asthma Research Collaboration Investigators. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 1237–1243, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chen Y, Stewart P, Johansen H, McRae L, Taylor G. Sex difference in hospitalization due to asthma in relation to age. J Clin Epidemiol 2003; 56: 180–187, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Prescott E, Lange P, Vestbo J, Copenhagen City Heart Study Group. Effect of gender on hospital admissions for asthma and prevalence of self-reported asthma: A prospective study based on a sample of the general population. Thorax 1997; 52: 287–289, [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Statistics Canada website: http://www.statcan.ca/ (last accessed January 14, 2006)