46
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

The Potential Biases in Studying the Relationship between Asthma and Microbial Infection

, M.D., M.P.H., , P.N.P., , M.D., , M.D., , R.N., , M.D., M.Sc. & , Ph.D. show all
Pages 827-832 | Published online: 02 Jul 2009

References

  • Eder W, Ege M J, von Mutius E. The asthma epidemic. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 2226–2235
  • McKeever T M, Lewis S A, Smith C, Collins J, Heatlie H, Frischer M, Hubbard R. Early exposure to infections and antibiotics and the incidence of allergic disease: a birth cohort study with the West Midlands General Practice Research Database. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109: 43–50
  • Ball T, Castro-Rodriguez J A, Griffith K A, Holberg C J, Martinez F D, Wright A L. Siblings, day-care attendance, and the risk of asthma and wheezing during childhood. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 538–543
  • Illi S ra, von Mutius E, Lau S, Bergmann R, Niggemann B, Sommerfeld C, Wahn U, Group tM. Early childhood infectious diseases and the development of asthma up to school age: a birth cohort study. Br Med J 2001; 322: 390–395
  • Riedler J, Braun-Fahrlander C, Eder W, Schreuer M, Waser M, Maisch S, Carr D, Schierl R, Nowak D, von Mutius E. ALEX Study Team. Exposure to farming in early life and development of asthma and allergy: a cross-sectional survey. Lancet 2001; 358(9288)1129–1133
  • Ghoshhajra M, Petrov A. Persistent cough: the link between asthma and Clamydia penumoniae Respiratory Infections. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: S168
  • Grunberg K, Sharon R F, Sont J K, In't Veen J C, Van Schadewijk W A, De Klerk E P, Dick C R, Van Krieken J H, Sterk P J. Rhinovirus-induced airway inflammation in asthma: effect of treatment with inhaled corticosteroids before and during experimental infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 1816–1822, (10 Pt 1)
  • Grabher R, Sullivan-Dillie K, Pappas T, Da Silva D, Roberg K, Anderson E, Hanson K, Salazar L, Tisler C, Evans M, Gangnon R, Lemanske R. Frequent moderate to severe viral respiratory illnesses during infancy significantly influence the development of asthma but not immunologic and clinical markers of atopy during early childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 119: S169
  • Lemanske R J. Is asthma an infectious disease?: Thomas A. Neff lecture. Chest 2003; 123: 385S–390S, (3 suppl)
  • McKeever T, Lewis S, Smith C, Collins J, Heatlie H, Frischer M, Hubbard R. Early exposure to infections and antibiotics and the incidence of allergic disease: a birth cohort study with the West Midlands General Practice Research Database. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109: 43–50
  • Illi S, von Mutius E, Lau S, Bergmann R, Niggemann B, Sommerfeld C, Wahn U, Group M AS. Early childhood infectious diseases and the development of asthma up to school age: a birth cohort study. Br Med J 2001; 322(7283)390–395
  • Oddy W, de Klerk N H, Sly P D, Holt P G. The effects of respiratory infections, atopy, and breastfeeding on childhood asthma. Eur Respir J 2002; 19: 899–905
  • Celedon J C, Litonjua A A, Ryan L, Weiss S T, Gold D R. Day care attendance, respiratory tract illnesses, wheezing, asthma, and total serum IgE level in early childhood. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002; 156: 241–245
  • Nafstad P, Magnus P, Jaakkola J J. Early respiratory infections and childhood asthma. Pediatrics 2000; 106: E38
  • Nafstad P BB, Skrondal A, Nystad W. Early respiratory infections, asthma, and allergy: 10-year follow-up of the Oslo birth cohort. Pediatrics 2005; 116: 255–262
  • McKeever T MLS, Smith C, Collins J, Heatlie H, Frischer M, Hubbard R. Early exposure to infections and antibiotics and the incidence of allergic disease: a birth cohort study with the West Midlands General Practice Research Database. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109: 43–50
  • Juhn Y, Weaver A, Katusic S, Yunginger J. Mode of delivery at birth and development of asthma: A population-based cohort study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 116: 510–516
  • Miller J, Gaboda D, Davis D. Early Childhood Chronic Illness: Comparability of Maternal Reports and Medical Records. National Center For Health Statistics, Washington, DC 2001
  • Guyatt G, Juniper E F, Griffith L E, Feeny D H, Ferrie P J. Children and adult perceptions of childhood asthma. Pediatrics 1997; 99: 165–168
  • Kurland L, Molgaard C A. The patient record in Epidemiology. Sci Am 1981; 245: 54–63
  • Lee G MSJ, Friedman J F, Hibberd P L, Ross-Degnan D, Zasloff E, Bediako S, Goldmann D A. Illness transmission in the home: a possible role for alcohol-based hand gels. Pediatrics 2005; 115: 852–860
  • Silverstein M, Reed C E, O'Connell E J, Melton L, O'Fallon W, Yunginger J W. Long-term survival of a cohort of community residents with asthma. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 1537–1541
  • Hunt W, Silverstein M, Reed C E, O'Connell E J, O'Fallon W, Yunginger J W. Accuracy of the death certificate in a population-based study of asthmatic patients. JAMA 1993; 269: 1947–1952
  • Yunginger J, Reed C E, O'Connell E J, Melton J, O'Fallon W M, Silverstein M D. A community-based study of the epidemiology of asthma: incidence rates, 1964-1983. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 888–894
  • Beard M, Yunginger J W, Reed C E, O'Connell E J, Silverstein M D. Interobserver variability in medical record review: an epidemiological study of asthma. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45: 1013–1020
  • Bauer B, Reed C E, Yunginger J W, Wollan P, Silverstein M D. Incidence and outcomes of asthma in the elderly: a population-based study in Rochester, MN. Chest 1997; 111: 303–310
  • Silverstein M D, Yunginger J W, Reed C E, Petterson T, Zimmerman D, Li J TC, O'Fallon W M. Attained adult height after childhood asthma: effect of glucocorticoid therapy. J Allerg Clin Immunol 1997; 99: 466–474
  • Yawn B, Yunginger J W, Wollan P, Reed C E, Silverstein M, Harris A. Allergic rhinitits in Rochester, Minnesota residents with asthma: Frequency and impact on health care charges. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 103: 54–59
  • Juhn Y J, Kita H, Lee L A, Swanson R J, Smith R, Bagniewski S M, Weaver A L, Pankratz V S, Jacobson R M, Poland G A. Childhood asthma and measles vaccine response. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006; 97: 469–476
  • Juhn Y, St. Sauver J, Katusic S K, Vargas D, Weaver A, Yunginger J. The influence of neighborhood environment on the incidence of childhood asthma: a multilevel approach. Soc Sci Med 2005; 60: 2453–2464
  • Juhn Y, Kita H, Lee L, Pankratz S, Weaver A, Bagnieski S, Jacobson R, Poland G. Asthma and human lymphocyte antigens type. Tissue Antigens 2007; 69: 38–46
  • Yeatts K, Davis K J, Sotir M, Herget C, Shy C. Who gets diagnosed with asthma? Frequent wheeze among adolescents with and without a diagnosis of asthma. Pediatrics 2003; 111: 1046–1054, (5 Pt 1)
  • Wright A L, Stern D A, Kauffmann F, Martinez F D. Factors influencing gender differences in the diagnosis and treatment of asthma in childhood: the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study. Pediatr Pulmonol 2006; 41: 318–325
  • Speight A NP, Lee D A, Hey E N. Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of asthma in childhood. Br Med J 1983; 286: 1253–1256
  • Siersted H C, Boldsen J, Hansen H S, Mostgaard G, Hyldebrandt N. Population based study of risk factors for underdiagnosis of asthma in adolescence: Odense schoolchild study.[see comment]. BMJ 1998; 316(7132)651–655, discussion 655–656
  • Jones A, Sykes A. The effect of symptom presentation on delay in asthma diagnosis in children in a general practice. Respir Med. 1990; 84: 139–142
  • Lowe G L, Burr M. Undiagnosed and untreated wheezing in a cohort of adolescents with a family history of allergic disease. Br J Gen Pract 2001; 51: 664–665
  • Wickens K L, Crane J, Kemp T J, Lewis S J, D'Souza W J, Sawyer G M, Stone M L, Tohill S J, Kennedy J C, Slater T M, Pearce N E. Family size, infections, and asthma prevalence in New Zealand children. Epidemiology 1999; 10: 699–705
  • Bodner C, Anderson W J, Reid T S, Godden D J. Childhood exposure to infection and risk of adult onset wheeze and atopy. Thorax 2000; 55: 383–387
  • Nja F, Nystad W, Hetlevik O, Lodrup Carlsen K C, Carlsen K H. Airway infections in infancy and the presence of allergy and asthma in school age children. Arch Dis Childhood 2003; 88: 566–569
  • Luyt D K, Burton P R, Simpson H. Epidemiological study of wheeze, doctor diagnosed asthma, and cough in preschool children in Leicestershire. Br Med J 1986; 306: 1386–1390
  • Silver E J, Crain E F, Weiss K B. Burden of wheezing illness among US children reported by parents not to have asthma. J Asthma 1998; 35: 437–443
  • Arif A A, Delclos G L, Lee E S, Tortolero S R, Whitehead L W. Prevalence and risk factors of asthma and wheezing among US adults: an analysis of the NHANES III data. Eu Respir J 2003; 21: 827–833

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.