Characteristics of lower airway inflammatory changes in the minimal persistent inflammation of allergic rhinitis in mice

References

• Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A, et al. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) 2008 [J]. Allergy. 2008;63(s86):8–160. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01620.x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. Global Initiative for Asthma; 2011 [accessed 2017 May 10]. http://www.ginasthma.org.
   Google Scholar
• Ciprandi G, Buscaglia S, Pesce G, Pronzato C, Ricca V, Parmiani S, Bagnasco M, Canonica GW. Minimal persistent inflammation is present at mucosal level in patients with asymptomatic rhinitis and mite allergy [J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995;96(6):971–9. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(95)70235-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricca V, Landi M, Ferrero P, Bairo A, Tazzer C, Canonica GW, Ciprandi G. Minimal persistent inflammation is also present in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis [J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;105(1):54–7. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(00)90177-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canonica GW, Compalati E. 2009 Minimal persistent inflammation in allergic rhinitis: implications for current treatment strategies [J]. Clin Exp Immunol;158(3):260–71. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.04017.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storms WW. Minimal persistent inflammation, an emerging concept in the nature and treatment of allergic rhinitis; the possible role of leukotrienes [J]. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2003;91(2):131–40. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62167-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lei F, Zhu D, Sun J, Dong Z. Effects of minimal persistent inflammation on nasal mucosa of experimental allergic rhinitis [J]. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2010;24(1):e23–8. doi:10.2500/ajra.2010.24.3414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCusker C, Chicoine M, Hamid Q, Mazer B. Site-specific sensitization in a murine model of allergic rhinitis: role of the upper airway in lower airways disease [J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;110(6):891–8. doi:10.1067/mai.2002.130048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen S, Wang Y, Gong G, Chen J, Niu Y, Kong W. Ethyl pyruvate attenuates murine allergic rhinitis partly by decreasing high mobility group box 1 release. Exp Biol Med 2015,240(11):1490–9 doi:10.1177/1535370214566563.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman DG, Tully JE, Nolin JD, Janssen-Heininger YM, Irvin CG. Animal models of allergic airways disease: Where are we and where to next? [J]. J Cell Biochem 2014;115(12):2055–64. doi:10.1002/jcb.24881.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCusker C, Chicoine M, Hamid Q, Mazer BJ. Site-specific sensitization in a murine model of allergic rhinitis: role of the upper airway in lower airways disease. Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;110(6):891–8. doi:10.1067/mai.2002.130048.
   Google Scholar
• Hellings PW, Hessel EM, Van Den Oord JJ, Kasran A, Van Hecke P, Ceuppens JL. Eosinophilic rhinitis accompanies the development of lower airway inflammation and hyper-reactivity in sensitized mice exposed to aerosolized allergen. Clin Exp Allergy 2001;31(5):782–90. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01081.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradding P, Feather IH, Wilson S, Bardin PG, Heusser CH, Holgate ST, Howarth PH. Immunolocalization of cytokines in the nasal mucosa of normal and perennial rhinitic subjects. The mast cell as a source of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6 in human allergic mucosal inflammation [J]. J Immunol 1993;151(7):3853–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gour N, Wills-Karp M. IL-4 and IL-13 signaling in allergic airway disease [J]. Cytokine 2015;75(1):68–78. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sehmi R, Wood LJ, Watson R, Foley R, Hamid Q, O'Byrne PM, Denburg JA. Allergen-induced increases in IL-5 receptor alpha-subunit expression on bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells from asthmatic subjects. A novel marker of progenitor cell commitment towards eosinophilic differentiation [J]. J Clin Invest 1997;100(10):2466. doi:10.1172/JCI119789.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skrindo I, Ballke C, Gran E, Johansen FE, Baekkevold ES, Jahnsen FL. IL‐5 production by resident mucosal allergen‐specific T cells in an explant model of allergic rhinitis [J]. Clin Exp Allergy 2015;45(8):1296–304. doi:10.1111/cea.12543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasaian MT, Marquette K, Fish S, DeClercq C, Agostinelli R, Cook TA, Brennan A, Lee J, Fitz L, Brooks J, et al. An IL-4/IL-13 dual antagonist reduces lung inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and IgE production in mice[J]. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013;49(1):37–46. doi:10.1165/rcmb.2012-0500OC.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jatakanon A, Uasuf C, Maziak W, Lim S, Chung KF, Barnes PJ. Neutrophilic inflammation in severe persistent asthma[J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160(5):1532–9. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.5.9806170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Byrne PM, Inman MD, Parameswaran K. The trials and tribulations of IL-5, eosinophils, and allergic asthma [J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;108(4):503–8. doi:10.1067/mai.2001.119149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteiro M, Almeida CF, Agua-Doce A, Graca L. Induced IL-17-producing invariant NKT cells require activation in presence of TGF-β and IL-1β. J Immunol 2013;190(2):805–11 doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1201010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang L, Gao H, Yang T, Yang B, Jiang X, Wang L, Wang Q, Luo Z, Liu E, Fu Z. Infant 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine immunization alters young adulthood CD4+ T cell subsets in allergic airway disease mouse model[J]. Vaccine 2014;32(18):2079–85. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katelaris CH. Allergic rhinitis and asthma: epidemiological evidence for the linkc [J]. Clin Exp Allergy Rev 2003;3(1):5–8. doi:10.1046/j.1472-9725.2003.00054.x.
   Google Scholar
• Passalacqua G, Ciprandi G, Canonica GW. The nose-lung interaction in allergic rhinitis and asthma: united airways disease [J]. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;1(1):7–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Corren J. Allergic rhinitis and asthma: how important is the link? [J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;99(2):S781–6. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(97)70127-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar