Impaired phospholipid metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by increased phospholipase B activity induced by 4-(methyl nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone

References

• Athenstaedt , K and Daum , G . 1999 . Phosphatidic acid, a key intermediate in lipid metabolism . European Journal of Biochemistry , 266 : 1 – 16 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Birner , R , Nebauer , R , Schneiter , R and Daum , G . 2003 . Synthetic lethal interaction of the mitochondrial phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic machinery with the prohibitin complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Molecular Biology of the Cell , 14 : 370 – 83 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bligh , EG and Dyer , WJ . 1959 . A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification . Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology , 37 : 911 – 7 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boumann , HA , Gubbens , J , Koorengevel , MC , Oh , CS , Martin , CE , Heck , AJ , Patton-Vogt , J , Henry , SA , de Kruijff , B and de Kroon , AI . 2006 . Depletion of phosphatidylcholine in yeast induces shortening and increased saturation of the lipid acyl chains: Evidence for regulation of intrinsic membrane curvature in a eukaryote . Molecular Biology of the Cell , 17 : 1006 – 17 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carman , GM and Henry , SA . 2007 . Phosphatidic acid plays a central role in the transcriptional regulation of glycerophospholipid synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 282 : 37293 – 7 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carman , GM and Kersting , MC . 2004 . Phospholipid synthesis in yeast: Regulation by phosphorylation . Biochemistry and Cell Biology , 82 : 62 – 70 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carman , GM and Zeimetz , GM . 1996 . Regulation of phospholipid biosynthesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 271 : 13293 – 6 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cases , S , Smith , SJ , Zheng , YW , Myers , HM , Lear , SR , Sande , E Novak , S . 1998 . Identification of a gene encoding an acyl CoA: Diacylglycerol acyltransferase, a key enzyme in triacylglycerol synthesis . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 95 : 13018 – 23 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , J , Higby , R , Tian , D , Tan , D , Johnson , MD , Xiao , Y , Kellar , KJ , Feng , S and Shields , PG . 2008 . Toxicological analysis of low-nicotine and nicotine-free cigarettes . Toxicology , 249 : 194 – 203 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlqvist , A , Stahl , U , Lenman , M , Banas , A , Lee , M , Sandager , L , Ronne , H and Stymne , S . 2000 . Phospholipid: Diacylglycerol acyltransferase: An enzyme that catalyzes the acyl-CoA-independent formation of triacylglycerol in yeast and plants . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 97 : 6487 – 92 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Kroon , AI . 2007 . Metabolism of phosphatidylcholine and its implications for lipid acyl chain composition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , 1771 : 343 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• de Kruijff , BD . 2006 . Membranes, where lipids and proteins meet . Chemistry and Physics of Lipids , 143 : 41 – 2 .
   Google Scholar
• Exton , JH . 1994 . Phosphatidylcholine breakdown and signal transduction . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , 1212 : 26 – 42 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finley , TN and Ladman , AJ . 1972 . Low yield of pulmonary surfactant in cigarette smokers . New England Journal of Medicine , 286 : 223 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher , AB , Dodia , C , Chander , A and Jain , M . 1992 . A competitive inhibitor of phospholipase A2 decreases surfactant phosphatidylcholine degradation by the rat lung . Biochemical Journal , 288 : 407 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Flick , JS and Thorner , J . 1993 . Genetic and biochemical characterization of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Molecular and Cellular Biology , 13 : 5861 – 76 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fyrst , H , Oskouian , B , Kuypers , FA and Saba , JD . 1999 . The PLB2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae confers resistance to lysophosphatidylcholine and encodes a phospholipase B/lysophospholipase . Biochemistry , 38 : 5864 – 71 .
   Google Scholar
• Gaspar , ML , Jesch , SA , Viswanatha , R , Antosh , AL , Brown , WJ , Kohlwein , SD and Henry , SA . 2008 . A block in endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi trafficking inhibits phospholipid synthesis and induces neutral lipid accumulation . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 283 : 25735 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Gheriani-Gruszka , N , Almog , S , Biltonen , RL and Lichtenberg , D . 1988 . Hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine in phosphatidylcholine-cholate mixtures by porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 263 : 11808 – 13 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghosh , AK , Ramakrishnan , G and Rajasekharan , R . 2008 . YLR099C (ICT1) encodes a soluble Acyl-CoA-dependent lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase responsible for enhanced phospholipid synthesis on organic solvent stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 283 : 9768 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Hecht , SS and Hoffmann , D . 1988 . Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, an important group of carcinogens in tobacco and tobacco smoke . Carcinogenesis , 9 : 875 – 84 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry , SA and Patton-Vogt , JL . 1998 . Genetic regulation of phospholipid metabolism: Yeast as a model eukaryote . Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology , 61 : 133 – 79 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henschke , PA and Rose , AH . 1991 . “ Plasma membranes ” . In The yeasts , Edited by: Rose , A.H. and Harrison , J.S. Vol. 4 , 297 – 345 . London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hohlfeld , MJ . 2002 . The role of surfactant in asthma . Respiratory Research , 3 : 4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurley , BP and McCormick , BA . 2008 . Multiple roles of phospholipase A2 during lung infection and inflammation . Infection and Immunity , 76 : 2259 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• IARC. 2007 . IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Smokeless tobacco and some tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines . IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans , 89 : 1 – 592 .
   Google Scholar
• Invernizzi , G , Ruprecht , A , Mazza , R , Rossetti , E , Sasco , A , Nardini , S and Boffi , R . 2004 . Particulate matter from tobacco versus diesel car exhaust: An educational perspective . Tobacco Control , 13 : 219 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Mesurier , SM , Stewart , BW and Lykke , AW . 1981 . Injury to type-2 pneumocytes in rats exposed to cigarette smoke . Environmental Research , 24 : 207 – 17 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , KS , Patton , JL , Fido , M , Hines , LK , Kohlwein , SD , Paltauf , F , Henry , SA and Levin , DE . 1994 . The Saccharomyces cerevisiae PLB1 gene encodes a protein required for lysophospholipase and phospholipase B activity . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 269 : 19725 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin , RK , Hsieh , YS , Lin , P , Hsu , HS , Chen , CY , Tang , YA , Lee , CF and Wang , YC . 2010 . The tobacco-specific carcinogen NNK induces DNA methyltransferase 1 accumulation and tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation in mice and lung cancer patients . Journal of Clinical Investigation , 120 : 521 – 32 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malanovic , N , Streith , I , Wolinski , H , Rechberger , G , Kohlwein , SD and Tehlivets , O . 2008 . S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, key enzyme of methylation metabolism, regulates phosphatidylcholine synthesis and TAG homeostasis in yeast: Implications for homocysteine as a risk factor of atherosclerosis . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 283 : 23989 – 99 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , CE , Oh , CS and Jiang , Y . 2007 . Regulation of long chain unsaturated fatty acid synthesis in yeast . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , 1771 : 271 – 85 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayr , JA , Kohlwein , SD and Paltauf , F . 1996 . Identification of a novel, Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipase D with preference for phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . FEBS Letters , 393 : 236 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Mendonsa , R and Engebrecht , J . 2009 . Phospholipase D function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , 1791 : 970 – 4 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merkel , O , Oskolkova , OV , Raab , F , El-Toukhy , R and Paltauf , F . 2005 . Regulation of activity in vitro and in vivo of three phospholipases B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Biochemical Journal , 387 : 489 – 96 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison , WR and Smith , LM . 1964 . Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and dimethylacetals from lipids with boron fluoride-methanol . Journal of Lipid Research , 5 : 600 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nachiappan , V , Mufti , SI , Chakravarti , A , Eskelson , CD and Rajasekharan , R . 1994 . Lipid peroxidation and ethanol-related tumor promotion in Fischer-344 rats treated with tobacco-specific nitrosamines . Alcohol Alcohol , 29 : 565 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Oulton , M , Moores , HK , Scott , JE , Janigan , DT and Hajela , R . 1991 . Effects of smoke inhalation on surfactant phospholipids and phospholipase A2 activity in the mouse lung . American Journal of Pathology , 138 : 195 – 202 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter , NA , Caldwell , SE and Mills , KA . 1995 . Mechanisms of free radical oxidation of unsaturated lipids . Lipids , 30 : 277 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajakumari , S and Daum , G . 2010 . Multiple functions as lipase, steryl ester hydrolase, phospholipase, and acyltransferase of Tgl4p from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 285 : 15769 – 76 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajakumari , S , Grillitsch , K and Daum , G . 2008 . Synthesis and turnover of non-polar lipids in yeast . Progress in Lipid Research , 47 : 157 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy , VS , Singh , AK and Rajasekharan , R . 2008 . The Saccharomyces cerevisiae PHM8 gene encodes a soluble magnesium-dependent lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase . Journal of Biological Chemistry , 283 : 8846 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Schuster , GS , Caughman , GB and Dirksen , TR . 1995 . Alteration of epithelial cell lipid synthesis by N-nitrosonornicotine . In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology – Animal , 31 : 295 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Schuster , GS , Lubas , S , Dirksen , TR and Erbland , JF . 1992 . Lipids as factors in the cell response to tobacco components . National Cancer Institute Monograph , 2 : 191 – 201 .
   Google Scholar
• Schweizer , M . 2004 . “ Lipids and membranes ” . In The metabolism and molecular physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Edited by: Dickinson , J.R. and Schweizer , M. 140 – 223 . London : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Scott , JE . 2004 . The pulmonary surfactant: Impact of tobacco smoke and related compounds on surfactant and lung development . Tobacco Induced Diseases , 2 : 3 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Spadaro , F , Ramoni , C , Mezzanzanica , D , Miotti , S , Alberti , P , Cecchetti , S , Iorio , E , Dolo , V , Canevari , S and Podo , F . 2008 . Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C activation in epithelial ovarian cancer cells . Cancer Research , 68 : 6541 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stinn , W , Arts , JH , Buettner , A , Duistermaat , E , Janssens , K , Kuper , CF and Haussmann , HJ . 2010 . Murine lung tumor response after exposure to cigarette mainstream smoke or its particulate and gas/vapor phase fractions . Toxicology , 275 : 10 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Tehlivets , O , Scheuringer , K and Kohlwein , SD . 2007 . Fatty acid synthesis and elongation in yeast . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , 1771 : 255 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyroller , S , Zwickenpflug , W , Thalheim , C and Richter , E . 2005 . Acute and subacute effects of tobacco alkaloids, tobacco-specific nitrosamines and phenethyl isothiocyanate on N′-nitrosonornicotine metabolism in rats . Toxicology , 215 : 245 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Van der Rest , ME , Kamminga , AH , Nakano , A , Anraku , Y , Poolman , B and Konings , WN . 1995 . The plasma membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: structure, function and biogenesis . Microbiological Reviews , 59 : 304 – 22 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wagner , S and Paltauf , F . 1994 . Generation of glycerophospholipid molecular species in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fatty acid pattern of phospholipid classes and selective acyl turnover at sn-1 and sn-2 positions . Yeast , 10 : 1429 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• Wirtz , HRW and Schmidt , M . 1996 . Acute influence of cigarette smoke on secretion of pulmonary surfactant in rat alveolar type II cells in culture . European Respiratory Journal , 9 : 24 – 33 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamashita , A , Sugiura , T and Waku , K . 1977 . Acyltransferases and transacylases involved in fatty acid remodeling of phospholipids and metabolism of bioactive lipids in mammalian cells . Journal of Biochemistry , 122 : 1 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Yost , RW , Grauvickel , SJ , Cantwell , R , Bomalaski , JS and Hudson , AP . 1991 . Yeast mitochondria (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) contain Ca2 +-independent phospholipase A1 and A2 activities: Effect of respiratory state . Biochemistry International , 24 : 199 – 208 .
   Google Scholar