269
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Oxalate Release and Formation during Alkaline Pulping

, &
Pages 187-197 | Published online: 03 Apr 2012

References

  • DeMartini , N. A. and Verrill , C. L. Evaporator fouling mitigation – Case studies . Proceedings of 2005 TAPPI Engineering, Pulping and Environmental Conference , Philadelphia , PA, USA August 28–31, 2005
  • Frederick , W. J. and Grace , T. M. “ A Study of Evaporator Scaling Calcium Carbonate Scales, Project 3234, Report 3, The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Atlanta, GA, November 15, 1977 ” .
  • Krasowski , J. A. and Marton , J. 1983 . The formation of oxalic acid during bleaching of kraft pulp . J. Wood Chem. Technol. , 3 ( 4 ) : 445 – 458 .
  • He , Z. , Ni , Y. and Zhang , E. 2003 . Comparison of oxalate formation from spruce TMP: Conventional peroxide bleaching process versus the P-M process . J. Pulp Pap. Sci. , 29 ( 12 ) : 391 – 394 .
  • Elsander , A. , Ek , M. and Gellerstedt , G. 2000 . Oxalic acid formation during ECF and TCF bleaching of kraft pulp . Tappi J. , 83 ( 2 ) : 73 – 77 .
  • Fiskari , J. and Gullichsen , J. Laboratory Experiments on Oxalic Acid Formation in Hardwood Pulp TCF Bleaching . 10th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry – 10th Biennial, ISWPC , Vol. I , pp. 324 Yokohama , , Japan June 7–10, 1999
  • Yamamoto , Y. , Niki , E. , Shlokawa , H. and Kamiya , Y. 1979 . Ozonation of organic compounds: 2. Ozonation of phenol in water . J. Org. Chem. , 44 ( 13 ) : 2137 – 2142 .
  • Li , Y. and Ni , Y. H. 2005 . Oxalate formation during peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulps . Appital J. , 58 ( 2 ) : 138 – 143 .
  • Nilvebrant , N.-O. and Reimann , A. 1996 . “ Xylan as a Source for Oxalic Acid During Ozone Bleaching ” . In Proceedings of 4th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp 485 – 491 . Streza , , Italy
  • Ulmgren , P. and Rådeström , R. Deposition of Sodium Oxalate in Black Liquor Evaporation . International Chemical Recovery Conference , pp. 169 Whistler , British Columbia, Canada June 11–14, 2001
  • Schmidl , W. and Frederick , W. J. Current Trends in Evaporator Fouling. International Chemical Recovery Conference Proceedings , pp. 367 Tampa , FL, USA : TAPPI Press . June 1–4, 1998
  • Franceschi , V. R. and Loewus , F. A. 1995 . “ Oxalate Biosynthesis and Function in Plants and Fungi ” . In Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems , Edited by: Khan , S. R. Vol. 6 , 113 – 130 . Boca Raton , FL : CRC Press .
  • Horner , H. T. and Wagner , B. L. 1995 . “ Calcium Oxalate Formation in Higher Plants ” . In In Calcium Oxalate in Biological Systems , Edited by: Khan , S. R. 53 – 72 . Boca Raton , FL : CRC Press .
  • Li , H. L. , Chai , X.-S. , DeMartini , N. , Zhan , H. Y. and Fu , S. Y. 2008 . Determination of oxalate in black liquor by headspace gas chromatography . J. Chromatogr. A. , 1192 ( 2 ) : 208 – 211 .
  • Alen , R. and Hartus , T. 1988 . UV spectrophotometric determination of lignin from alkaline pulping liquors . Cellulose Chem. Technol. , 22 ( 6 ) : 613 – 618 .
  • Hu , Z. B. , Wang , J. Q. , Chai , X. C. and Kong , H. N. 2008 . A novel method for the determination of sugars by UV spectroscopy . J. Chem. Ind. Eng. , 59 ( 5 ) : 1233 – 1237 .
  • Frederick , W. J. Jr. 1997 . “Black Liquor Evaporators” in Kraft Recovery Boilers , Edited by: Adams , T. N. 87 Atlanta , GA, USA : TAPPI Press .
  • Gustafson , R. R. , Sleicher , C. A. , Mckean , W. T. and Finlayson , B. A. 1983 . Theoretical model of the kraft pulping process . Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. , 22 ( 1 ) : 87 – 96 .
  • Lowendahl , L. , Peterson , G. and Samuelson , O. 1976 . Formation of carboxylic acids by degradation of carbohydrates during kraft cooking of pine . Tappi J. , 59 ( 9 ) : 118 – 121 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.