1,604
Views
90
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Zurich Ice Nucleation Chamber (ZINC)-A New Instrument to Investigate Atmospheric Ice Formation

, , &
Pages 64-74 | Received 11 May 2007, Accepted 04 Nov 2007, Published online: 13 Jul 2010

REFERENCES

  • Bailey , M. and Hallett , J. 2002 . Nucleation Effects on the Habit of Vapour Grown Ice Crystals from −18 to −42 degrees C . Quarterly Journal Of The Royal Meteorological Society , 128 : 1461 – 1483 .
  • Baker , M. 1997 . Cloud Microphysics and Climate . Science , 276 : 1072 – 1078 .
  • Bruintjes , R. T. 1999 . A Review of Cloud Seeding Experiments to Enhance Precipitation and Some New Prospects . Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. , 80 : 805 – 820 .
  • Cantrell , W. and Heymsfield , A. 2005 . Production of Ice in Tropospheric Clouds—A Review . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society , 86 : 795
  • Chen , Y. , Kreidenweis , S. M. , McInnes , L. M. , Rogers , D. C. and DeMott , P. J. 1998 . Single Particle Analyses of Ice Nucleating Aerosols in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere . Geophysical Research Letters , 25 ( 9 ) : 1391 – 1394 .
  • Cziczo , D. J. , DeMott , P. J. , Brook , C. , Hudson , P. K. , Jesse , B. , Kreidenweis , S. M. , Prenni , A. J. , Schreiner , J. , Thomson , D. S. and Murphy , D. M. 2003 . A Method for Single Particle Mass Spectrometry of Ice Nuclei . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 37 : 460 – 470 .
  • DeMott , P. J. , Cziczo , D. J. , Prenni , A. J. , Murphy , D. M. , Kreidenweis , S. M. , Thomson , D. S. and Borys , R. 2003 . Measurements of the Concentration and Composition of Nuclei for Cirrus Formation . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , 100 ( 25 ) : 14655 – 14660 .
  • DeMott , P. , Sassen , K. , Poellot , M. , Baumgardner , D. , Rogers , D. , Brooks , S. , Prenni , A. and Kreidenweis , S. 2003 . African Dust Aerosols as Atmospheric Ice Nuclei . Geophys. Res. Lett. , 30 : 2041 – 2045 .
  • Detwiler , A. and Vonnegut , B. 1981 . Humidity Required for Ice Nucleation from the Vapor Onto Silver-Iodide and Lead Iodide Aerosols Over the Temperature-Range −6 to −67-degrees-c . J. Appl. Meteorol. , 20 : 1006 – 1012 .
  • Federer , B. , Waldvogel , A. , Schmid , W. , Schiesser , H. , Hampel , F. , Schweingruber , M. , Stahel , W. , Bader , J. , Mezeix , J. , Doras , N. , Daubigny , G. , Dermegreditchian , G. and Vento , D. 1986 . Main Results of Grossversuch-iv . J. Climate and Appl. Meteorol. , 25 : 917 – 957 .
  • 2005 . FLUENT 6.2 User's Guide , Centerra Resource Park, 10 Cavendish Court, Lebanon, NH 03766, , USA : Fluent Inc. .
  • Hirst , E. , Kaye , P. H. , Greenaway , R. S. , Field , P. and Johnson , D. W. 2001 . Discrimination of Micrometre-Sized Ice and Super-Cooled Droplets in Mixed-Phase Cloud . Atmos. Environ. , 35 : 33 – 47 .
  • Pachauri , R. K. , Solomon , S. , Qin , D. and Manning , M. 2007 . The Physical Basis of Climate Change , International Panel on Climate Change . Technical report
  • Kreidenweis , S. M. , Chen , Y. , Rogers , D. C. and DeMott , P. J. 1998 . Isolating and Identifying Atmospheric Ice-Nucleating Aerosols: A New Technique . Atmos. Res. , 46 : 263 – 278 .
  • Kumar , P. , Broekhuizen , K. and Abbatt , J. 2003 . Organic Acids as Cloud Condensation Nuclei: Laboratory Studies of Highly Soluble and Insoluble Species . Atmos. Chem. Phys. , 3 : 509 – 520 .
  • Liou , K. and Lahore , H. 1974 . Laser Sensing of Cloud Composition—Backscattered Depolarization Technique . J. Appl. Meteorol. , 13 : 257 – 263 .
  • Lohmann , U. 2002 . A Glaciation Indirect Aerosol Effect Caused by Soot Aerosols . Geophysical Research Letters , : 29
  • Marti , J. and Mauersberger , K. 1993 . A Survey and New Measurements of Ice Vapor Pressure at Temperatures between 170 and 250 k . Geophys. Res. Lett. , 20 ( 5 ) : 363 – 366 .
  • Mason , B. and van den Heuvel , A. 1959 . The Properties and Behaviour of Some Artificial Ice Nuclei . Proc. Phys. Soc. London , 74 : 744 – 755 .
  • Murphy , D. and Koop , T. 2005 . Review of the Vapour Pressures of Ice and Supercooled Water for Atmospheric Applications . Quarterly J. Royal Meteorol. Soc. , 131 : 1539 – 1565 .
  • Nicolet , M. , Stetzer , O. and Lohmann , U. 2007 . Depolarization Ratios of Single Ice Particles Assuming Finite Circular Cylinders . Appl. Optics , 46 : 4465 – 4476 .
  • Rogers , D. C. 1988 . Development of a Continuous Flow Thermal Gradient Diffusion Chamber for Ice Nucleation Studies . Atmos. Res. , 22 : 149 – 181 .
  • Rogers , R. R. and Yau , M. K. 1989 . A Short Course in Cloud Physics, volume 113 of International Series in Natural Philosophy, , 3rd edition , Butterworth Heinemann by Elsevier .
  • Spurny , K. 2000 . Atmospheric Condensation Nuclei P. J. Coulier 1875 and J. Aitken 1880 (historical review) . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 32 : 243 – 248 .
  • Szyrmer , W. and Zawadzki , I. 1997 . Biogenic and Anthropogenic Sources of Ice-Forming Nuclei: A Review . Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. , 78 ( 2 ) : 209 – 228 .
  • Willoughby , H. , Jorgensen , D. , Black , R. and Rosenthal , S. 1985 . Project Stormfury—A Scientific Chronicle 1962–1983 . Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. , 66 : 505 – 514 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.