1,201
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

An Apparatus for Generating Aged Cigarette Smoke for Controlled Human Exposure Studies

, , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 1246-1255 | Received 30 Nov 2011, Accepted 10 Apr 2012, Published online: 24 Jul 2012

REFERENCES

  • Abadie , M. , Limam , K. and Allard , F. 2001 . Indoor Particle Pollution: Effect of Wall Textures on Particle Deposition . Build. Environ. , 36 : 821 – 827 .
  • Aris , R. M. , Christian , D. , Hearne , P. Q. , Kerr , K. , Finkbeiner , W. E. and Balmes , J. R. 1993 . Ozone-Induced Airway Inflammation in Human Subjects as Determined by Airway Lavage and Biopsy . Am. Rev. Respir Dis. , 148 ( 5 ) : 1363 – 1372 .
  • California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, and Office of Air Resources Board . 2005 . Proposed Identification of Environmental Tobacco Smoke as a Toxic Air Contaminant , Oakland California : California Environmental Protection Agency .
  • Clark , A. G . 1998 . Industrieal Air Pollution Monitoring: Gaseous and Particulate Emissions , New York : Springer .
  • Daher , N. , Saleh , R. , Jaroodi , E. , Sheheitli , H. , Badr , T. , Sepetdjian , E. , Al Rashdi , M. , Saliba , N. and Shihadeh , A. 2010 . Comparison of Carcinogen, Carbon Monoxide, and Ultrafine Particle Emissions from Narghile Waterpipe and Cigarette Smoking: Sidestream Smoke Measurements and Assessment of Second-Hand Smoke Emission Factors . Atmos. Environ. , 44 ( 1 ) : 8 – 14 .
  • Daisey , J. M. 1999 . Tracers for Assessing Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: What are They Tracing? . Environ. Health Perspect , 107 ( Suppl 2 ) : 319 – 327 .
  • Daisey , J. M. , Mahanama , K. R. and Hodgson , A. T. 1991 . Toxic Volatile Organic Compounds in Simulated Environmental Tobacco Smoke . J. Expo. Anal. Env. Epid. , 8 ( 3 ) : 313 – 334 .
  • Destaillats , H. , Singer , B. C. , Lee , S. K. and Gundel , L. A. 2006 . Effect of Ozone on Nicotine Desorption from Model Surfaces: Evidence for Heterogeneous Chemistry . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 40 ( 6 ) : 1799 – 1805 .
  • Ingebrethsen , B. J. and Sears , S. B. 1989 . Particle Evaporation of Sidestream Tobacco Smoke in a Stirred Tank . J. Colloidal & Inter. Sci. , 131 ( 2 ) : 526 – 536 .
  • International Organization for Standardization . 2000 . Routine Analytical Cigarette-Smoking Machine – Definitions and Standard Conditions , Geneva , , Switzerland : International Organization for Standardization .
  • International Organization for Standardization . 2001 . “ Fine-Cut Tobacco and Smoking Articles Made from it – Methods of Sampling, Conditioning and Analysis ” . In Part 2: Atmosphere for Conditioning and Testing , Geneva, Switzerland : International Organization for Standardization . ISO Method #15592–2:2001
  • Klepeis , N. E. , Apte , M. G. , Gundel , L. A. , Sextro , R. G. and Nazaroff , W. 2003 . Determining Size-Specific Emission Factors for Environmental Tobacco Smoke . Aerosol Sci. Technol. , 37 ( 10 ) : 780 – 790 .
  • Lai , A. C. 2004 . Particle Deposition Indoors: A Review . Indoor Air , 12 ( 4 ) : 211 – 214 .
  • Leaderer , P. P. and Hammond , S. K. 1991 . Evaluation of Vapor Phase Nicotine and Respirable Suspended Particle Mass as Markers for Environmental Tobacco Smoke . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 25 : 770 – 777 .
  • Lipowicz , P. J. 1988 . Determination of Cigarette Smoke Particle Density from Mass and Mobility Measurements in a MIllikan Cell . J. Aerosol Sci. , 19 ( 5 ) : 587 – 589 .
  • Liu , S. and Zhu , Y. 2010 . A Case Study of Exposure to Ultrafine Particles from Secondhand Tobacco Smoke in an Automobile . Indoor Air , 20 ( 5 ) : 412 – 423 .
  • Matt , G. E. , Quintana , P. J. , Hovell , M. F. , Bernert , J. T. , Song , S. , Novianti , N. , Juarez , T. , Floro , J. , Gehrman , C. , Garcia , M. and Larson , S. 2004 . Households Contaminated by Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Sources of Infant Exposures . Tob. Control. , 13 ( 1 ) : 29 – 37 .
  • Matt , G. E. , Quintana , P. J. , Hovell , M. F. , Chatfield , D. , Ma , D. S. , Romero , R. and Uribe , A. 2008 . Residual Tobacco Smoke Pollution in used Cars for Sale: Air, Dust, and Surfaces . Nicotine Tob. Res. , 10 ( 9 ) : 1467 – 1475 .
  • Matt , G. E. , Quintana , P. J. , Zakarian , J. M. , Fortmann , A. L. , Chatfield , D. A. , Hoh , E. , Uribe , A. M. and Hovell , M. F. 2011 . When Smokers Move Out and Non-Smokers Move in: Residential Thirdhand Smoke Pollution and Exposure . Tob. Control. , 20 ( 1 )
  • Nazaroff , W. and Klepeis , N. E. 2003 . “ Environmental Tobacco Smoke Particles ” . In Indoor Environment: Airborne Particles and Settled Dust , Edited by: Morawska , L. and Salthammer , T. Weinheim : Wiley-VCH .
  • Ning , Z. , Cheung , C. S. , Fu , J. , Liu , M. A. and Schnell , M. A. 2006 . Experimental Study of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Particles Under Actual Indoor Environment . Sci. Total Environ. , 367 ( 2–3 ) : 822 – 830 .
  • Petrick , L. , Destaillats , H. , Zouev , I. , Sabach , S. and Dubowski , Y. 2010 . Sorption, Desorption, and Surface Oxidative Fate of Nicotine . Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 12 ( 35 ) : 10356 – 10364 .
  • Petrick , L. M. , Svidovsky , A. and Dubowski , Y. 2011 . Thirdhand Smoke: Heterogeneous Oxidation of Nicotine and Secondary Aerosol Formation in the Indoor Environment . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 45 ( 1 ) : 328 – 333 .
  • Repace , J. L. , Hyde , J. N. and Brugge , D. 2006 . Air Pollution in Boston Bars Before and After a Smoking Ban . BMC Public Health , 6 : 266
  • Rogge , W. F. , Hildemann , L. M. , Mazurek , M. A. and Cass , G. R. 1994 . Sources of Fine Organic Aerosol. 6. Cigarette Smoke in the Urban Atmosphere . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 28 : 1375 – 1388 .
  • Schick , S. and Glantz , S. A. 2006 . Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Toxicity Increases with Aging and Exposure Duration . Tob. Control. , 15 ( 6 ) : 424 – 429 .
  • Schick , S. F. and Glantz , S. 2007 . Concentrations of the Carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-Butanone in Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Increase After Release into Indoor Air: Results from Unpublished Tobacco Industry Research . Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. , 16 ( 8 ) : 1547 – 1553 .
  • Singer , B. C. , Hodgson , A. T. , Guevarra , K. S. , Hawley , E. L. and Nazaroff , W. W. 2002 . Gas-Phase Organics in Environmental Tobacco Smoke. 1. Effects of Smoking Rate, Ventilation, and Furnishing Level on Emission Factors . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 36 ( 5 ) : 846 – 853 .
  • Singer , B. C. , Hodgson , T. , A. and Nazaroff , W. W. 2003 . Gas-Phase Organics in Environmental Tobacco Smoke: 2. Exposure-Relevant Emission Factors and Indirect Exposures from Habitual Smoking . Atmospheric Environ. , 37 ( 39–40 ) : 5551 – 5561 .
  • Singer , B. C. , Revzan , K. L. , Hotchi , T. , Hodgson , A. T. and Brown , N. J. 2004 . Sorbtion of Organic Gases in a Furnished Room . Atmospheric Environ. , 38 : 2483 – 2494 .
  • Sleiman , M. , Destaillats , H. , Smith , J. D. , Liu , C.-L. , Ahmed , M. , Wilson , K. R. and Gundel , L. A. 2010 . Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Ozone-Initiated Reactions with Nicotine and Secondhand Tobacco Smoke . Atmospheric Environ. , In Press
  • Sleiman , M. , Gundel , L. A. , Pankow , J. F. , Jacob , P. , Singer , B. C. and Destaillats , H. 2010 . Formation of Carcinogens Indoors by Surface-Mediated Reactions of Nicotine with Nitrous acid, Leading to Potential Thirdhand Smoke Hazards . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 107 ( 15 ) : 6576 – 6581 .
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . 1986 . “ The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General, US Dept of Health and Human Services ” . 332 New York : Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control .
  • United States Department of Health and Human Services . 2006 . The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke. United States Surgeon General reports. United States Surgeon General , 709 Washington , DC : United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention .
  • Voncken , P. , Stinn , W. , Haussmann , H. J. and Anskeit , E. 1994 . “ Influence of Aging and Surface Contact on the Composition of Cigarette Sidestream Smoke. Models for Environmental Tobacco Smoke, ” . In Toxic and carcInogenic Effects of Solid Particles in the Respiratory Tract , Edited by: Mohr , U. , Dungworth , D. L. , Mauderley , J. L. and Oberdorster , G. 637 – 641 . Washington , D.C. : International Life Sciences .
  • Wechsler , C. J. and Nazaroff , W. 2008 . Semiolatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Environments . Atmospheric Environ. , 42 : 9018 – 9040 .
  • Yamamoto , N. , Shendell , D. G. , Winer , A. M. and Zhang , J. 2010 . Residential air Exchange Rates in Three Major US Metropolitan Areas: Results from the Relationship Among Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air Study 1999–2001 . Indoor Air , 20 ( 1 ) : 85 – 90 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.