1,914
Views
42
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Laboratory Characterization of a New Nano-Water-Based CPC 3788 and Performance Comparison to an Ultrafine Butanol-Based CPC 3776

, , , , &
Pages 183-191 | Received 06 Jul 2012, Accepted 07 Sep 2012, Published online: 12 Nov 2012

REFERENCES

  • Adou , K. and Johnston , M. 2009 . Flow Interface for Charge-Reduced Electrospray of Nanoparticle Solutions . Anal. Chem. , 81 : 10186 – 10192 .
  • Agarwal , J. K. , Sem , G. J. and Pourprix , M. 1977 . “ A Continuous Flow CNC Capable of Counting Single Particles ” . In Atmospheric Aerosols and Nuclei, Proceedings, 9th International Conference on Atmospheric Aerosols, Condensation & Ice Nuclei , Edited by: Roddy , A. F. and O’Connor , T. C. 118 – 122 . Galway , , Ireland : Galway University Press .
  • Bischof , O. F. and Zerrath , A. 2005, October . “ Measurements of Urban Aerosol in a Light Industrial Area–Physical Properties, Including Particle Size, Number and Diameter Concentrations ” . Austin , TX Poster presented at the 24th Annual AAAR Conference
  • Chen , D.-R. , Pui , D. Y. H. and Kaufman , S. L. 1995 . Electrospraying of Conducting Liquids for Monodisperse Aerosol Generation in the 4 nm to 1.8 μm Diameter Range . J. Aerosol Sci. , 26 : 963 – 977 .
  • De la Mora , J. F. 2011 . Heterogeneous Nucleation with Finite Activation Energy and Perfect Wetting: Capillary Theory Versus Experiments with Nanometer Particles, and Extrapolations on the Smallest Detectable Nucleus . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 45 ( 4 ) : 543 – 554 .
  • Filimundi , E. , Bischof , O. F. and Bennett , I. P. 2005 . “ Measurement of Nucleation Mode Particles Using an Ultrafine Water-based Condensation Particle Counter. Abstracts of Le 21ème Congrès Français sur les Aérosols (CFA) ” . Paris , , France
  • Giechaskiel , B. , Wang , X. , Horn , H. G. , Spielvogel , J. , Gerhart , C. Southgate , J. 2009 . Calibration of Condensation Particle Counters for Legislated Vehicle Number Emission Measurements . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 43 ( 12 ) : 1164 – 1173 .
  • GMZ Inc. 2009 . Material Safety Data Sheet , West Chester , OH, USA : GMZ Inc . Available at http://www.gmzinc.com/uploads/docs/MSDS_Emery_622.pdf
  • Hering , S. V. and Stolzenburg , M. R. Continuous, Laminar Flow Water-based Particle Condensation Device and Method . 2004 . US Patent 6,712,881, issued March 30, 2004.
  • Hering , S. V. and Stolzenburg , M. R. 2005 . A Method for Particle Size Amplification by Water Condensation in a Laminar, Thermally Diffusive Flow . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 39 ( 5 ) : 428 – 436 .
  • Hering , S. V. , Stolzenburg , M. R. , Quant , F. R. , Oberreit , D. R. and Keady , P. B. 2005 . A Laminar-Flow, Water-Based Condensation Particle Counter (WCPC) . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 39 : 659 – 672 .
  • Hermann , M. , Wehner , B. , Bischof , O. , Han , H. , Krinke , T. Liu , W. 2007 . Particle Counting Efficiencies of New TSI Condensation Particle Counters . J. Aerosol Sci. , 38 : 674 – 682 .
  • Iida , K. , Stolzenburg , M. R. , McMurry , P. , Smith , J. N , Quant , F. R. Oberreit , D. R. 2008 . An Ultrafine, Water-Based Condensation Particle Counter and its Evaluation under Field Conditions . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 42 ( 10 ) : 862 – 871 .
  • Kesten , J. , Reineking , A. and Porstendörfer , J. 1991 . Calibration of a TSI Model 3025 Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counter . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 15 : 107 – 111 .
  • Kirkby , J. , Curtius , J. , Almeida , J. , Dunne , E. , Duplissy , E. Ehrhart , S. 2011 . Role of Sulphuric Acid, Ammonia and Galactic Cosmic Rays in Atmospheric Aerosol Nucleation . Nature , 476 : 429 – 433 .
  • Kuang , C. , Chen , M. , McMurry , P. H. and Wang , J. 2011 . Modification of Laminar Flow Ultrafine Condensation Particle Counters for the Enhanced Detection of 1 nm Condensation Nuclei . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 46 ( 3 ) : 309 – 315 .
  • Kulmala , M. , Mordas , G. , Petäjä , T. , Tiia Grönholm , T. , Aalto , P. P. Vehkamäki , H. 2007 . The Condensation Particle Counter Battery (CPCB). A New Tool to Investigate the Activation Properties of Nanoparticles . Aerosol Sci. , 38 : 289 – 304 .
  • Liu , W. , Kaufman , S. L. , Osmondson , B. L. , Sem , G. J. , Quant , F. R. and Oberreit , D. R. 2006 . Water-Based Condensation Particle Counters for, Environmental Monitoring of Ultrafine Particles . J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. , 56 : 444 – 455 .
  • Liu , W. , Osmondson , B. L. , Bischof , O. F. and Sem , G. J. 2005 . “ Calibration of Condensation Particle Counters ” . SAE International . SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-0189
  • Magnusson , L. E. , Koropchak , J. A. , Anisimov , M. P. , Poznjakovskiy , V. M. and Fernandez de la Mora , J. 2003 . Correlations for Vapor Nucleating Critical Embryo Parameters . J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data , 32 ( 4 ) : 1387 – 1410 .
  • Mordas , G. , Manninen , H. E. , Petäjä , T. , Aalto , P. P. , Hämeri , K. and Kulmala , M. 2008 . On Operation of the Ultra-Fine Water-Based CPC TSI 3786 and Comparison with Other TSI Models (TSI 3776, TSI 3772, TSI 3025, TSI 3010, TSI 3007) . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 42 ( 2 ) : 152 – 158 .
  • Petäjä , T. , Mordas , G. , Manninen , H. , Aalto , P. P. , Hämeri , K.K. and Kulmala , M. 2006 . Detection Efficiency of a Water-Based TSI Condensation Particle Counter 3785 . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 40 ( 12 ) : 1090 – 1097 .
  • Petersen , D. , Ortner , R. , Vrtala , A. , Wagner , P. E. , Kulmala , M. and Laaksonen , A. 2001 . Soluble-Insoluble Transition in Binary Heterogeneous Nucleation . Phys. Rev. Lett. , 87 : 225703-1 – 225703-4 .
  • Rader , D. J. , McMurry , P. H. and Smith , S. 1987 . Evaporation Rates of Monodisperse Organic Aerosols in the 0.02- to 0.2-μm-Diameter Range . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 6 ( 3 ) : 247 – 260 .
  • Riipinen , I. , Manninen , H. E. , Yli-Juuti , T. , Boy , M. , Sipilä , M. Ehn , M. 2009 . Applying the Condensation Particle Counter Battery (CPCB) to Study the Water-Affinity of Freshly-Formed 2–9 nm Particles in Boreal Forest . Atmos. Chem. Phys. , 9 : 3317 – 3330 .
  • Sem , G. J. 2002 . Design and Performance Characteristics of Three Continuous-Flow Condensation Particle Counters: A Summary . Atmos. Res. , 62 : 267 – 294 .
  • Stolzenburg , M. R. 1988 . An Ultrafine Aerosol Size Distribution Measuring System , MN : Ph.D. thesis, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minnesota .
  • Stolzenburg , M. R. and McMurry , P. H. 1991 . An Ultrafine Aerosol Condensation Nucleus Counter . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 14 ( 1 ) : 48 – 65 .
  • TSI Inc . 2006 . “ Generating Emery Oil Aerosol for Calibration. TSI Application note EM-004 ” . Shoreview , MN, USA : TSI Inc . Available at http://www.tsi.com/uploadedFiles/_Site_Root/Products/Literature/Application_Notes/EM-004-Generating_Emery_Oil_Aerosol-5001326A.pdf
  • Wehner , B. , Siebert , H. , Hermann , M. , Ditas , F. and Wiedensohler , A. 2011 . Characterization of a New Fast CPC and its Application for Atmospheric Particle Measurements . Atmos. Meas. Tech. , 4 : 823 – 833 .
  • Wiedensohler , A. 1988 . An Approximation of the Bipolar Charge Distribution for Particles in the Submicron Size Range . J. Aerosol Sci. , 19 : 387 – 389 .
  • Wiedensohler , A. , Orsini , D. , Covert , S. , Coffmann , D. , Cantrell , W. Havlicek , M. 1997 . Intercomparison Study of the Size-Dependent Counting Efficiency of 26 Condensation Particle Counters . Aerosol Sci. Tech. , 27 ( 2 ) : 224 – 242 .
  • Winkler , P. M. , Steiner , G. , Vrtala , A. , Vehkamäki , H. , Noppel , M. Lehtinen , K. E. J. 2008 . Heterogeneous Nucleation Experiments Bridging the Scale from Molecular Ion Clusters to Nanoparticles . Science , 319 : 1374 – 1377 .
  • Zai , S. , Zhen , H. and Jia-song , W. 2006 . Studies on the Size Distribution, Number and Mass Emission Factors of Candle Particles Characterized by Modes of Burning . Aerosol Sci. , 37 : 1484 – 1496 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.