208
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Aerosol partitioning potential of bacteria presenting antimicrobial resistance from different stages of a small decentralized septic treatment system

ORCID Icon, , , , &
Pages 517-531 | Received 05 Apr 2022, Accepted 28 Feb 2023, Published online: 31 Mar 2023

References

  • Abisado, R. G., S. Benomar, J. R. Klaus, A. A. Dandekar, and J. R. Chandler. 2018. Bacterial quorum sensing and microbial community interactions. MBio 9 (3):e02331. doi:10.1128/mBio.02331-17.
  • Amarasiri, M., D. Sano, and S. Suzuki. 2020. Understanding human health risks caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in water environments: Current knowledge and questions to be answered. Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50 (19):2016–59. doi:10.1080/10643389.2019.1692611.
  • An, H. R., G. Mainelis, and L. White. 2006. Development and calibration of real-time PCR for quantification of airborne microorganisms in air samples. Atmos. Environ. 40 (40):7924–39. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.020.
  • Bauer, A. W., W. M. M. Kirby, J. C. Sherris, and M. Turck. 1966. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 45 (4):493–6. doi:10.1093/ajcp/45.4_ts.493.
  • Beceiro, A., M. Tomás, and G. Bou. 2013. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence: A successful or deleterious association in the bacterial world? Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 26 (2):185–230. doi:10.1128/CMR.00059-12.
  • Bennett, P. M. 2008. Plasmid encoded antibiotic resistance: Acquisition and transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria. Br. J. Pharmacol. 153 (S1):S347–S357. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707607.
  • BioMicrobics Inc. 2019. MBR BioBarrier brochure. https://biomicrobics.com/wp-content/uploads/BioBarrier_Brochure_email-2.pdf
  • Brągoszewska, E., and I. Biedroń. 2018. Indoor air quality and potential health risk impacts of exposure to antibiotic resistant bacteria in an office room in southern Poland. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 15 (11):2604. doi:10.3390/ijerph15112604.
  • Caporaso, J. G., J. Kuczynski, J. Stombaugh, K. Bittinger, F. D. Bushman, E. K. Costello, N. Fierer, A. G. Peña, J. K. Goodrich, J. I. Gordon, et al. 2010. QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data. Nat. Methods. 7 (5):335–6. doi:10.1038/nmeth.f.303.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2019. Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States. Biggest Threats and Data. https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/biggest-threats.html
  • Chen, H., and M. Zhang. 2013. Occurrence and removal of antibiotic resistance genes in municipal wastewater and rural domestic sewage treatment systems in eastern China. Environ. Int. 55:9–14. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.01.019.
  • Clearstream Wastewater Systems Inc. 2004. Owner’s manual. https://www.vdh.virginia.gov/content/uploads/sites/20/2016/05/Clearstream-Operation-and-Maintenance-Manual.pdf
  • de Abreu, V. A. C., J. Perdigão, and S. Almeida. 2020. Metagenomic approaches to analyze antimicrobial resistance: An overview. Front. Genet. 11:575592. doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.575592.
  • Edgar, R. C. 2010. Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST. Bioinformatics 26 (19):2460–1. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btq461.
  • EPA Annual Report. 2013. EPA-832-R-140006; Decentralized wastewater management program highlights. United States Environmental Protection Agency, p. 4. http://water.epa.gov/infrastructure/septic/
  • Estrada-Perez, C. E., K. A. Kinney, J. P. Maestre, Y. A. Hassan, and M. D. King. 2018. Droplet distribution and airborne bacteria in an experimental shower unit. Water Res. 130:47–57. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.039.
  • Falgenhauer, L., O. Schwengers, J. Schmiedel, C. Baars, O. Lambrecht, S. Heß, T. U. Berendonk, J. Falgenhauer, T. Chakraborty, and C. Imirzalioglu. 2019. Multidrug-resistant and clinically relevant gram-negative bacteria are present in german surface waters. Front. Microbiol. 10:2779. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02779.
  • Feldgarden, M., V. Brover, D. H. Haft, A. B. Prasad, D. J. Slotta, I. Tolstoy, G. H. Tyson, S. Zhao, C. H. Hsu, P. F. McDermott, et al. 2019. Validating the AMRFINder tool and resistance gene database by using antimicrobial resistance genotype-phenotype correlations in a collection of isolates. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 63 (11):1–19. doi:10.1128/AAC.00483-19.
  • Garrido-Cardenas, J. A., M. I. Polo-López, and I. Oller-Alberola. 2017. Advanced microbial analysis for wastewater quality monitoring: Metagenomics trend. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 101 (20):7445–58. doi:10.1007/s00253-017-8490-3.
  • Gaviria-Figueroa, A., E. C. Preisner, S. Hoque, C. E. Feigley, and R. S. Norman. 2019. Emission and dispersal of antibiotic resistance genes through bioaerosols generated during the treatment of municipal sewage. Sci. Total Environ. 686:402–12. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.454.
  • Guo, J., J. Li, H. Chen, P. L. Bond, and Z. Yuan. 2017. Metagenomic analysis reveals wastewater treatment plants as hotspots of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements. Water Res. 123:468–78. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.002.
  • Gupta, S. K., B. R. Padmanabhan, S. M. Diene, R. Lopez-Rojas, M. Kempf, L. Landraud, and J. M. Rolain. 2014. ARG-ANNOT, a new bioinformatic tool to discover antibiotic resistance genes in bacterial genomes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 58 (1):212–20. doi:10.1128/AAC.01310-13.
  • Han, I., and K. Yoo. 2020. Metagenomic profiles of antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge, dewatered sludge and bioaerosols. Water 12 (6):1516. doi:10.3390/w12061516.
  • Hendriksen, R. S., P. Munk, P. Njage, B. van Bunnik, L. McNally, O. Lukjancenko, T. Röder, D. Nieuwenhuijse, S. K. Pedersen, J. Kjeldgaard, et al. 2019. Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage. Nat. Commun. 10 (1):1124. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08853-3.
  • Hospodsky, D., J. Qian, W. W. Nazaroff, N. Yamamoto, K. Bibby, H. Rismani-Yazdi, and J. Peccia. 2012. Human occupancy as a source of indoor airborne bacteria. PLoS One 7 (4):e34867. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034867.
  • Hudzicki, J. 2014. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test protocol. http://www.microbelibrary.org/component/resource/laboratory-test/3189-kirby-bauer-disk-diffusion-susceptibility-test-protocol
  • Jia, B., Raphenya, A. R. Alcock, B. Waglechner, N. Guo, P. Tsang, K. K. Lago, B. A. Dave, B. M. Pereira, S. Sharma, et al. 2017. CARD 2017: Expansion and model-centric curation of the comprehensive antibiotic resistance database. Nucleic Acids Res. 45 (D1):D566–D573. doi:10.1093/nar/gkw1004.
  • Ju, F., K. Beck, X. Yin, A. Maccagnan, C. S. McArdell, H. P. Singer, D. R. Johnson, T. Zhang, and H. Bürgmann. 2019. Wastewater treatment plant resistomes are shaped by bacterial composition, genetic exchange, and upregulated expression in the effluent microbiomes. ISME J. 13 (2):346–60. doi:10.1038/s41396-018-0277-8.
  • King, M. D., and A. R. McFarland. 2012. Bioaerosol sampling with a wetted wall cyclone: Cell culturability and DNA integrity of Escherichia coli bacteria. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 46 (1):82–93. doi:10.1080/02786826.2011.605400.
  • Klappenbach, J., P. R. Saxman, J. R. Cole, and T. M. Schmidt. 2001. rrndb: The ribosomal RNA operon copy number database. Nucleic Acids Res. 29 (1):181–4. doi:10.1093/nar/29.1.181.
  • Lee, Z. M.-P., C. Bussema, and T. M. Schmidt. 2009. rrnDB: Documenting the number of rRNA and tRNA genes in bacteria and archaea. Nucleic Acids Res. 37 (suppl_1):D489–D493. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn689.
  • Leung, M. H. Y., X. Tong, K. O. Bøifot, D. Bezdan, D. J. Butler, D. C. Danko, J. Gohli, D. C. Green, M. T. Hernandez, F. J. Kelly, et al. 2021. Characterization of public transit air microbiome and resistome reveals geographical specificity. Microbiome 9 (1):112. doi:10.1186/s40168-021-010447.
  • Li, H., Z. Zhang, J. Duan, N. Li, B. Li, T. Song, M. F. Sardar, X. Lv, and C. Zhu. 2020. Electrochemical disinfection of secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant: Removal efficiency of ARGs and variation of antibiotic resistance in surviving bacteria. Chem. Eng. J. 392:123674. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.123674.
  • Li, J., W. Cheng, L. Xu, Y. Jiao, S. A. Baig, and H. Chen. 2016. Occurrence and removal of antibiotics and the corresponding resistance genes in wastewater treatment plants: Effluents’ influence to downstream water environment. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23 (7):6826–35. doi:10.1007/s11356-015-5916-2.
  • Li, Y., H. Liao, and H. Yao. 2019. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in air-conditioning systems in hospitals, farms, and residences. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16 (5):683. doi:10.3390/ijerph16050683.
  • Liu, B., D. Zheng, Q. Jin, L. Chen, and J. Yang. 2019. VFDB 2019: A comparative pathogenomic platform with an interactive web interface. Nucleic Acids Res. 47 (D1):D687–D692. doi:10.1093/nar/gky1080.
  • Lozupone, C. A., M. Hamady, S. T. Kelley, and R. Knight. 2007. Quantitative and qualitative beta diversity measures lead to different insights into factors that structure microbial communities. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73 (5):1576–85. doi:10.1128/AEM.01996-06.
  • Magoč, T., and S. L. Salzberg. 2011. FLASH: Fast length adjustment of short reads to improve genome assemblies. Bioinformatics 27 (21):2957–63. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btr507.
  • McDonald, D., M. N. Price, J. Goodrich, E. P. Nawrocki, T. Z. DeSantis, A. Probst, G. L. Andersen, R. Knight, and P. Hugenholtz. 2012. An improved Greengenes taxonomy with explicit ranks for ecological and evolutionary analyses of bacteria and archaea. ISME J. 6 (3):610–8. doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.139.
  • McFarland, A. R., J. S. Haglund, M. D. King, S. Hu, M. S. Phull, B. W. Moncla, and Y. Seo. 2010. Wetted wall cyclones for bioaerosol sampling. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 44 (4):241–52. doi:10.1080/02786820903555552.
  • McLain, J. E., E. Cytryn, L. M. Durso, and S. Young. 2016. Culture-based methods for detection of antibiotic resistance in agroecosystems: Advantages, challenges, and gaps in knowledge. J. Environ. Qual. 45 (2):432–40. doi:10.2134/jeq2015.06.0317.
  • National Committee for Clinical Laboratory. 1999. Methods for determining bactericidal activity of antimicrobial agents: Approved guideline. Wayne, PA: NCCLS.
  • Oberoi, A. S., Y. Jia, H. Zhang, S. K. Khanal, and H. Lu. 2019. Insights into the fate and removal of antibiotics in engineered biological treatment systems: A critical review. Environ. Sci. Technol. 53 (13):7234–64. doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b01131.
  • Osińska, A., E. Korzeniewska, M. Harnisz, E. Felis, S. Bajkacz, P. Jachimowicz, S. Niestępski, and I. Konopka. 2020. Small-scale wastewater treatment plants as a source of the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in the aquatic environment. J. Hazard. Mater. 381:121221. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121221.
  • Paulson, J. N., O. C. Stine, H. C. Bravo, and M. Pop. 2013. Differential abundance analysis for microbial marker-gene surveys. Nat. Methods 10 (12):1200–2. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2658.
  • Rizzo, L., C. Manaia, C. Merlin, T. Schwartz, C. Dagot, M. C. Ploy, I. Michael, and D. Fatta-Kassinos. 2013. Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes spread into the environment: A review. Sci. Total Environ. 447:345–60. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.032.
  • Roberts, M. C, 2017. Antibiotic-resistant environmental bacteria and their role as reservoirs in disease. In Modeling the transmission and prevention of infectious disease. Advances in environmental microbiology, ed. C. Hurst, vol. 4, 187–212. Cham: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60616-3_7.
  • Sharaby, Y., O. Nitzan, I. Brettar, M. G. Höfle, A. Peretz, and M. Halpern. 2019. Antimicrobial agent susceptibilities of Legionella pneumophila MLVA-8 genotypes. Sci. Rep. 9 (1):6138. PMID: 30992549; PMCID: PMC6468011. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42425-1.
  • Sharma, V. K., X. Yu, T. J. McDonald, C. Jinadatha, D. D. Dionysiou, and M. Feng. 2019. Elimination of antibiotic resistance genes and control of horizontal transfer risk by UV-based treatment of drinking water: A mini review. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 13 (3):37. doi:10.1007/s11783-019-1122-7.
  • Stoddard, S. F., Smith, B. J. Hein, R. Roller, B. R. K, and Schmidt, T. M. 2015. rrnDB: Improved tools for interpreting rRNA gene abundance in bacteria and archaea and a new foundation for future development. Nucl. Acids Res. 43 (D1):D593–D598. doi:10.1093/nar/gku1201.
  • Texas A&M AgriLife Extension. 2020. Drip distribution. On-Site Sewage Facilities (OSSF). https://ossf.tamu.edu/drip-distribution/
  • Wang, Y., and P.-Y. Qian. 2009. Conservative fragments in bacterial 16S rRNA genes and primer design for 16S ribosomal DNA amplicons in metagenomic studies. PLoS One 4 (10):e7401. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007401.
  • Yadav, S., and A. Kapley. 2021. Antibiotic resistance: Global health crisis and metagenomics. Biotechnol. Rep, 29:e00604. doi:10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00604.
  • Zankari, E., H. Hasman, S. Cosentino, M. Vestergaard, S. Rasmussen, O. Lund, F. M. Aarestrup, and M. V. Larsen. 2012. Identification of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 67 (11):2640–4. doi:10.1093/jac/dks261.
  • Zankari, E., R. Allesøe, K. G. Joensen, L. M. Cavaco, O. Lund, and F. M. Aarestrup. 2017. PointFinder: A novel web tool for WGS-based detection of antimicrobial resistance associated with chromosomal point mutations in bacterial pathogens. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 72 (10):2764–8. doi:10.1093/jac/dkx217.
  • Zhang, Y., C. F. Marrs, C. Simon, and C. Xi. 2009. Wastewater treatment contributes to selective increase of antibiotic resistance among Acinetobacter spp. Sci. Total Environ. 407 (12):3702–6. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.013.
  • Zhao, J., B. Li, P. Lv, J. Hou, Y. Qiu, and X. Huang. 2022. Distribution of antibiotic resistance genes and their association with bacteria and viruses in decentralized sewage treatment facilities. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 16 (3):35. doi:10.1007/s11783-021-1469-4.
  • Zhou, C., Y. Yang, and A. Y. Jong. 1990. Mini-prep in ten minutes. Biotechniques. 8 (2):172–3.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.