Volatile propellant droplet evaporation measurements in metered dose inhaler sprays

References

• Abramzon, B., and W. A. Sirignano. 1989. Droplet vaporization model for spray combustion calculations. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 32 (9):1605–18. doi: 10.1016/0017-9310(89)90043-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaucage, G. 1995. Approximations leading to a unified exponential/power-law approach to small-angle scattering. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 28 (6):717–28. doi: 10.1107/S0021889895005292.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird, R., W. Stewart, and E. Lightfoot. 1960. Transport phenomena. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Buchmann, N. A., D. J. Duke, S. A. Shakiba, D. M. Mitchell, P. J. Stewart, D. Traini, P. M. Young, D. A. Lewis, J. Soria, and D. Honnery. 2014. A novel high-speed imaging technique to predict the macroscopic spray characteristics of solution based pressurised metered dose inhalers. Pharm. Res. 31 (11):2963–74. doi: 10.1007/s11095-014-1391-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buehler, M. F., T. M. Allen, and E. J. Davis. 1991. Microparticle Raman spectroscopy of multicomponent aerosols. J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 146 (1):79–89. doi: 10.1016/0021-9797(91)90008-V.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clift, R., J. Grace, and M. Weber. 1978. Bubbles, drops and particles. New York, NY: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Davies, J. F., A. E. Haddrell, and J. P. Reid. 2012. Time-resolved measurements of the evaporation of volatile components from single aerosol droplets. Aerosol Sci. Tech. 46 (6):666–77. doi: 10.1080/02786826.2011.652750.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duke, D. J., A. L. Kastengren, N. Mason-Smith, Y. Chen, P. M. Young, D. Traini, D. Lewis, D. Edgington-Mitchell, and D. Honnery. 2016. Temporally and spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence measurements of in-situ drug concentration in metered-dose inhaler sprays. Pharm. Res. 33 (4):816–25. doi: 10.1007/s11095-015-1828-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duke, D. J., H. N. Scott, A. J. Kusangaya, A. L. Kastengren, K. Matusik, P. Young, D. Lewis, and D. Honnery. 2019. Drug distribution transients in solution and suspension-based pressurised metered dose inhaler sprays. Int. J. Pharm. 566 (July):463–75. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.067.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Duke, D. J., B. Myatt, L. Rao, S. Vutlapalli, N. Marasini, H. Dowdle, P. Cocks, D. Schmidt, H. X. Ong, and P. Young. 2023. Optimizing spray formation in solution and suspension low GWP metered dose inhalers. In Proc. respiratory drug delivery Europe, ed. R. N. Dalby, J. Peart, J. D. Suman, P. M. Young, and D. Traini, 81–92. River Grove, IL: DHI Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Finlay, W. H. 2001. The mechanics of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols: An introduction. London, UK: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gavtash, B., B. Myatt, H. O’Shea, F. Mason, D. Lewis, T. Church, H. K. Versteeg, G. Hargrave, and G. Brambilla. 2015. Saturated vapour pressure (SVP) measurement of ethanol/HFA binary mixtures. In Proc. drug delivery to the lungs. Vol. 26. Edinburgh, Scotland: The Aerosol Society. doi: 10.1089/jamp.2016.ab01.abstracts.
   Google Scholar
• Hardy, D. A., J. F. Robinson, T. G. Hilditch, E. Neal, P. Lemaitre, J. S. Walker, and J. P. Reid. 2023. Accurate measurements and simulations of the evaporation and trajectories of individual solution droplets. J. Phys. Chem. B 127 (15):3416–30. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08909.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes, A., M. S. Shaik, H. Krarup, and M. Singh. 2004. Evaluation of the Malvern Spraytec with inhalation cell for the measurement of particle size distribution from metered dose inhalers. J. Pharm. Sci. 93 (2):349–63. doi: 10.1002/jps.10558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honnery, D., D. Nguyen, and J. Soria. 2013. Microdroplet evaporation under increasing temperature conditions: Experiments and modelling. Fuel 105:247–57. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.04.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopkins, R. J., and J. P. Reid. 2006. A comparative study of the mass and heat transfer dynamics of evaporating ethanol/water, methanol/water, and 1-propanol/water aerosol droplets. J. Phys. Chem. B 110 (7):3239–49. doi: 10.1021/jp056523g.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilavsky, J., P. R. Jemian, A. J. Allen, F. Zhang, L. E. Levine, and G. G. Long. 2009. Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering at the advanced photon source. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 42 (3):469–79. doi: 10.1107/S0021889809008802.
   Google Scholar
• Ivey, J. W., P. Bhambri, T. K. Church, D. A. Lewis, and R. Vehring. 2018. Experimental investigations of particle formation from propellant and solvent droplets using a monodisperse spray dryer. Aerosol Sci. Tech. 52 (6):702–16. doi: 10.1080/02786826.2018.1451818.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivey, J. W., P. Bhambri, T. K. Church, D. A. Lewis, M. T. McDermott, S. Elbayomy, W. H. Finlay, and R. Vehring. 2017. Humidity affects the morphology of particles emitted from beclomethasone dipropionate pressurized metered dose inhalers. Int. J. Pharm. 520 (1–2):207–15. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.01.062.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kastengren, A. L., J. Ilavsky, J. P. Viera, R. Payri, D. J. Duke, A. Swantek, F. Z. Tilocco, N. Sovis, and C. F. Powell. 2017. Measurements of droplet size in shear-driven atomization using ultra-small angle X-ray scattering. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 92:131–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.03.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kastengren, A. L., and C. F. Powell. 2014. Synchrotron X-ray techniques for fluid dynamics. Exp. Fluids 55 (3):1686–700. doi: 10.1007/s00348-014-1686-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kastengren, A. L., C. F. Powell, D. Arms, E. M. Dufresne, H. Gibson, and J. Wang. 2012. The 7BM beamline at the APS: A facility for time-resolved fluid dynamics measurements. J. Synchrotron Radiat. 19 (Pt 4):654–7. doi: 10.1107/s0909049512016883.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lemmon, E. W., M. L. Huber, and M. O. McLinden. 2007. NIST Standard Reference Database 23: Reference fluid thermodynamic and transport properties-REFPROP, Version 8.0. Natl Std. Ref. Data Series (NIST NSRDS). Gaithersburg, USA: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Linne, M. 2013. Imaging in the optically dense regions of a spray: A review of developing techniques. Prog. Energy Combust. 39 (5):403–40. doi: 10.1016/j.pecs.2013.06.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maqua, C., V. Depredurand, G. Castanet, M. Wolff, and F. Lemoine. 2007. Composition measurement of bicomponent droplets using laser-induced fluorescence of acetone. Exp. Fluids 43 (6):979–92. doi: 10.1007/s00348-007-0368-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason-Smith, N., D. J. Duke, A. L. Kastengren, P. J. Stewart, D. Traini, P. M. Young, Y. Chen, D. A. Lewis, J. Soria, D. Edgington-Mitchell, et al. 2016. Insights into spray development from metered-dose inhalers through quantitative X-ray radiography. Pharm. Res. 33 (5):1249–58. doi: 10.1007/s11095-016-1869-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason-Smith, N., D. J. Duke, A. L. Kastengren, D. Traini, P. M. Young, Y. Chen, D. A. Lewis, D. Edgington-Mitchell, and D. Honnery. 2017. Revealing pMDI spray initial conditions: Flashing, atomisation and the effect of ethanol. Pharm. Res. 34 (4):718–29. doi: 10.1007/s11095-017-2098-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matusik, K. E., B. A. Sforzo, H. J. Seong, D. J. Duke, A. L. Kastengren, J. Ilavsky, and C. F. Powell. 2019. X-ray measurements of fuel spray specific surface area and sauter mean diameter for cavitating and non-cavitating diesel sprays. Atomiz. Spr. 29 (3):199–216. doi: 10.1615/AtomizSpr.2019030112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myatt, B. J. 2017. A fundamental study of the primary atomisation mechanism and aerosol plume development of the pressurised metered dose inhaler. PhD thesis, Loughborough University.
   Google Scholar
• Myrdal, P. B., P. Sheth, and S. W. Stein. 2014. Advances in metered dose inhaler technology: Formulation development. AAPS PharmSciTech 15 (2):434–55. doi: 10.1208/s12249-013-0063-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, A. 2006. Co-refinement of multiple-contrast neutron/X-ray reflectivity data using MOTOFIT. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 39 (2):273–6. doi: 10.1107/S0021889806005073.
   Google Scholar
• Noakes, T. 2002. Medical aerosol propellants. J. Fluorine Chem. 118 (1–2):35–45. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1139(02)00191-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payri, R., F. J. Salvador, J. Gimeno, and O. Venegas. 2013. Study of cavitation phenomenon using different fuels in a transparent nozzle by hydraulic characterization and visualization. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 44:235–44. doi: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.06.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polli, G. P., W. M. Grim, F. A. Bacher, and M. H. Yunker. 1969. Influence of formulation on aerosol particle size. J. Pharm. Sci. 58 (4):484–6. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600580422.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pritchard, J. N. 2020. The climate is changing for metered-dose inhalers and action is needed. Drug Des. Devel. Ther. 14:3043–55. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S262141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruland, W. 1971. Small-angle scattering of two-phase systems: Determination and significance of systematic deviations from Porod’s Law. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 4 (1):70–3. doi: 10.1107/S0021889871006265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sazhin, S. S., A. Elwardany, P. A. Krutitskii, G. Castanet, F. Lemoine, E. M. Sazhina, and M. R. Heikal. 2010. A simplified model for bi-component droplet heating and evaporation. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 53 (21–22):4495–505. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.06.044.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirignano, W. A. 1999. Fluid dynamics and transport of droplets and sprays. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stein, S. W., and P. B. Myrdal. 2006. The relative influence of atomization and evaporation on metered dose inhaler drug delivery efficiency. Aerosol Sci. Tech. 40 (5):335–47. doi: 10.1080/02786820600612268.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taflin, D. C., S. H. Zhang, T. Allen, and E. J. Davis. 1988. Measurement of droplet interfacial phenomena by light‐scattering techniques. AIChE J. 34 (8):1310–20. doi: 10.1002/aic.690340809.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedeschi, G., H. Gouin, and M. Elena. 1999. Motion of tracer particles in supersonic flows. Exp. Fluids 26 (4):288–96. doi: 10.1007/s003480050291.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, A., D. T. Attwood, E. Gullikson, M. Howells, K.-J. Kim, J. Kirz, J. Kortright, et al. 2009. X-ray data booklet. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Berkeley, USA: University of California.
   Google Scholar
• Triballier, K., C. Dumouchel, and J. Cousin. 2003. A technical study on the Spraytec performances: Influence of multiple light scattering and multi-modal drop-size distribution measurements. Exp. Fluids 35 (4):347–56. doi: 10.1007/s00348-003-0674-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Versteeg, H. K., G. K. Hargrave, and M. Kirby. 2006. Internal flow and near-orifice spray visualisations of a model pharmaceutical pressurised metered dose inhaler. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 45:207–13. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/45/1/028.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, H., M. Ordoubadi, J. Leal, A. Minootan, K. Lachacz, N. Carrigy, D. Lechuga-Ballesteros, and R. Vehring. 2023. Droplet characteristics of low global warming potential propellants at different ambient humidities. In Proc. respiratory drug delivery Europe, ed. R. N. Dalby, J. Peart, J. D. Suman, P. M. Young, and D. Traini. River Grove, IL: DHI Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Wilms, J., and B. Weigand. 2007. Composition measurements of binary mixture droplets by rainbow refractometry. Appl. Opt. 46 (11):2109–18. doi: 10.1364/ao.46.002109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, F., X. Liu, W. Wang, C. Liu, L. Quan, and Y. Liao. 2015. The effects of surface morphology on the aerosol performance of spray-dried particles within HFA 134a based metered dose formulations. Asian J. Pharm. Sci. 10 (6):513–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2015.07.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuen, M., and L. Chen. 1976. On drag of evaporating liquid droplets. Combust. Sci. Technol. 14 (4–6):147–54. doi: 10.1080/00102207608547524.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, F., J. Ilavsky, G. G. Long, J. P. G. Quintana, A. J. Allen, and P. R. Jemian. 2010. Glassy carbon as an absolute intensity calibration standard for small-angle scattering. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 41 (5):1151–8. doi: 10.1007/s11661-009-9950-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, B., D. Traini, H. K. Chan, and P. M. Young. 2013. The effect of ethanol on the formation and physico-chemical properties of particles generated from budesonide solution-based pressurized metered-dose inhalers. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 39 (11):1625–37. doi: 10.3109/03639045.2012.728230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar