The Virtual Cyclone: A Device for Nonimpact Particle Separation

References

• Chen , B. T. , and Yen , H. C. ( 1987 ). An Improved Virtual Impactor: Design and Performance . J. Aerosol. Sci. 18 ( 2 ): 203 – 214 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clift , R. , Grace , J. R. , and Weber , M. E. ( 1978 ). Bubbles, Drops, and Particles. Academic Press , New York , pp. 286 – 288 .
   Google Scholar
• Crowe , C. T. , Troutt , T. R. , and Chung , J. N. ( 1996 ). Numerical Models for Two-Phase Turbulent Flows . Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 28 : 11 – 43 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elghobashi , S. ( 1994 ). On Predicting Particle-Laden Turbulent Flows . Appl. Sci. Research. 52 : 309 – 329 .
   Google Scholar
• Fluid Dynamics International. ( 1993 ). FIDAP Users Manual (version 7.0). Fluid Dynamics International , Evanston , IL .
   Google Scholar
• Hering , S. V. ( 1987 ). Calibration of the QCM Impactor for Stratospheric Sampling . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 7 : 257 – 274 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann , A. C. , de Groot , M. , and Hospers , A. ( 1996 ). The Effect of the Dust Collection System on the Flow Pattern and Separation Efficiency of a Gas Cyclone . Can. J. Chem. Eng. 74 : 464 – 470 .
   Google Scholar
• Jurcik , B. , and Wang , H.-C. ( 1995 ). On the Shape of Impactor Efficiency Curves . J. Aerosol Sci. 26 ( 7 ): 1139 – 1147 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , K. W. , Han , D. S. , and Kim , J. C. ( 1990 ). Particle Collection Performance of Impactors in Different Gases . J. Colloid Interface Sci. 137 ( 1 ): 183 – 191 .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , K. W. , and Ramamurthi , M. ( 1993 ). Filter Collection in Aerosol Measurement Principles, Techniques, and Applications ( K. Willeke and P. A. Baron , eds. ) Van Nostrand Reinhold , New York , pp. 179 – 205 .
   Google Scholar
• Liu , B. Y. H. , Zhang , Z. Q. , and Kuehn , T. H. ( 1989 ). A Numerical Study of Inertial Errors in Anisokinetic Sampling . J. Aerosol Sci. 20 ( 3 ): 367 – 380 .
   Google Scholar
• Loo , B. W. , and Cork , C. P. ( 1988 ). Development of High Efficiency Virtual Impactors . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 9 : 167 – 176 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxey , M. R. , and Riley , J. J. ( 1983 ). Equation of Motion for a Small Rigid Sphere in a Nonuniform Flow . Phys. Fluids 26 ( 4 ): 883 ∼889.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marple , V. A. , and Chien , C. M. ( 1980 ). Virtual Impactors: A Theoretical Study . Environ. Sci. Technol. 14 ( 8 ): 976 – 985 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marple , V. A. , and Liu , B. Y. H. ( 1974 ). Characteristics of Laminar Jet Impactors . Environ. Sci. Technol. 8 : 648 – 654 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marple , V. A. , Rubow , K. L. , and Behm , S. M. ( 1991 ). A Microorifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI): Description, Calibration, and Use . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 14 : 434 – 446 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marple , V. A. , Rubow , K. L. , and Olson , B. A. ( 1993 ). Inertial, Gravitational, Centrifugal, and Thermal Collection Techniques , Aerosol Measurement Principles, Techniques, and Applications. ( K. Willeke and P. A. Baron , eds. ) Van Nostrand Reinhold , New York , pp. 206 – 232 .
   Google Scholar
• Mothes , H. , and Löffler , F. ( 1988 ). Prediction of Particle Removal in Cyclone Separators . Int. Chem. Eng. 28 ( 2 ): 231 – 240 .
   Google Scholar
• Rader , D. J. , and Marple , V. A. ( 1985 ). Effect of Ultra-Stokesian Drag and Particle Interception on Impaction Characteristics . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 4 : 141 – 156 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rader , D. J. , and Marple , V. A. ( 1988 ). A Study of the Effects of Anisokinetic Sampling . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 8 : 283 – 299 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sethi , V. , and John , W. ( 1993 ). Particle Impaction Patterns from a Circular Jet . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 18 : 1 – 10 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon , P. A. , Moyers , J. L. , and Fletcher , R. A. ( 1983 ). High-Volume Dichotomous Virtual Impactor for the Fractionation and Collection of Particles According to Aerodynamic Size . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 2 : 455 – 464 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torczynski , J. R. , and Rader , D. J. ( 1996 ). The Anticyclone: A Device for Nonimpact Particle Separation , Sandia Internal Report SAND960728. Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM.
   Google Scholar
• Turton , R. , and Levenspiel , O. ( 1986 ). A Short Note on the Drag Correlation for Spheres . Powder Technol. 47 : 83 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , W.-C. , and John , W. ( 1988 ). Characteristics of the Berner Impactor for Sampling Inorganic Ions . Aerosol Sci. Technol. 8 : 157 – 172 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan , B. , Ingham , D. B. , and Dunnett , S. J. ( 1994 ). A Numerical Investigation into the Sampling Performance of a Tube Sampler . Aerosol. Sci. Technol. 20 : 291 – 302 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar