96
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Alcohol and Other Drugs: The Scope of the Problem among Pregnant and Parenting Women in California

Pages 3-22 | Published online: 06 Sep 2011

REFERENCES

  • Aaron , P. and Musto , D. 1981 . “ Temperance and Prohibition in America: A historical overview. ” . In Alcohol and Public Policy: Beyond the Shadow of Prohibition. Edited by: Moore , M. and Gerstein , D. Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press. .
  • Amaro , H. , Beckman , L. J. and Mays , V. M. 1987 . A comparison of black and white women entering alcoholism treatment . Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 48 : 220 – 27 .
  • Anglin , M. D. 1988 . “ The efficacy of civil commitment in treating narcotic addiction. ” . In Compulsory Treatment of Drug Abuse: Research and Clinical Practice. Edited by: Leukefeld , C. G. and Tims , F. M. Rockville, Maryland : National Institute on Drug Abuse. . NIDA Research Monograph 86
  • Axinn , J. and Levin , H. 1982 . Social Welfare: A History of the American Response to Need. New York : Longman. .
  • Beckman , L. J. 1978 . Self-esteem of women alcoholics . Journal of Studies on Alcohol. , 39 : 491 – 498 .
  • Beckman , L. J. and Bardsley , P. E. 1986 . Individual characteristics, gender differences, and drop-out from alcoholism treatment . Alcohol and Alcoholism , 21 : 213 – 24 .
  • Benishek , L. A. , Bieschke , K. J. , Stoffelmayr , B. E. , Mavis , B. E. and Humplreys , K. A. 1992 . Gender difference in depression and anxiety among alcoholics . Journal of Substance Abuse , 4 : 235 – 45 .
  • Benward , J. and Densen-Gerber , J. Incest as a causative factor in anti-social behavior: An exploratory study . Paper presented at the meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Science . Chicago.
  • Besharov , D. J. 1989 . The children of crack: will we protect them? . Public Welfare , : 6 – 11 . Fall
  • Beshner , G. and Thompson , P. 1981 . Women and Drug Abuse Treatment: Needs and Services. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. . National Institute on Drug Abuse Services Research Monograph Series
  • Blume , S. B. 1986 . Women and alcohol . Journal of the American Medical Society , 256 : 1467 – 69 .
  • Caetano , R. 1993 . The association between severity of DSM-111-R alcohol dependence and medical and social consequences . Addiction , 88 : 63142
  • California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs . 1995a . Drug Abuse Treatment Access Report. Sacramento : California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs. .
  • California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs . 1995b . California Alcohol and Drug Data System, July 1, 1994 through June 30, 1995 Unpublished Data
  • California Department of Health Services . 1996 . California HIV/AIDS Update. Sacramento : Office of AIDS. . July
  • Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASA) . 1994a . The Cost of Substance Abuse to America s Health Care System. Report 2: Medicare Hospital Costs. New York : CASA. .
  • Center on Addiction and substance All use at Columbia University (CASA) . 1994b . Substance Abuse and Women on Welfare. New York : CASA. .
  • Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASA) . 1993 . The Cost of Substance Abuse to Americas Health Care System. Report I: Medicaid Hospital Costs. New York : CAS A. .
  • Centers for Disease Control . 1993 . HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report. Rockville, Maryland : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. .
  • Child Welfare League of America, North American Commission on Chemical Dependency and Child Welfare . 1992 . Children at the Front. Washington, D.C. : Child Welfare League of America. .
  • Cochrane , J. J. , Goering , P. and Lancee , W. 1992 . Gender differences in the manifestations of problem drinking in a community sample . Journal of Substance Abuse , 4 : 247 – 54 .
  • Collins , J. and Messerschmidt , P. 1993 . Epidemiology and alcohol-related violence . Alcohol Health & Research World , 17 ( 2 ) : 95 – 96 .
  • Costin , L. B. 1985 . “ The historical context of child welfare. ” . In A Handbook of Child Welfare. Edited by: Laird , J. and Hartman , A. New York : The Free Press. .
  • Courtwright , D. 1982 . Dark Paradise: Opiate Addiction in America before 1940. Cambridge, Massachusetts : Harvard University Press. .
  • Covington , S. S. 1982 . Sexual experience, dysfunction, and abuse: A comparative study of alcoholic and nonalcoholic women Union Graduate School. . Unpublished doctoral dissertation
  • Crowe , A. H. and Reeves , R. 1994 . Treatment for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse. Rockville, Maryland : Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. . Technical Assistance Publication Series II
  • Cruze , A. M. , Harwood , H. J. , Kristianse , P. C. , Collins , J. J. and Jones , D. C. 1981 . Economic Costs to Society of Alcohol and Drug Abuse and Mental Illness, 1977. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina : Research Triangle Institute. .
  • Davis , L. J. and Morse , R. M. 1987 . Age and sex differences in the responses of alcoholics to the self-administered alcoholism screen test . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 43 : 423 – 30 .
  • Drug Abuse Information and Monitoring Project . 1992 . Statewide Epidemiology Workgroup Proceedings. Spring 1992. Sacramento : California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs. .
  • Ebener , P. , McCaffrey , D. and Saner , H. 1994 . Prevalence of alcohol and drug use in California's household population. 1988–1991: Analysis of the California subsample from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse Santa Monica, California : Prepared for the State of California, Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs. . RAND, DRU-713-CDADP/DPRC, August
  • Ellwood , M. R. , Adams , E. K. , Crown , W. H. and Dodds , S. 1993 . An Exploratory Analysis of the Medicaid Expenditures of Substance Exposed Children under Two Years of Age in California. Cambridge, Massachusetts : SysteMetrics. .
  • Everett , W. 1996 . Violence Against Women in California. Sacramento : California Elected Women's Association for Education and Research. .
  • Fillmore , K. M. 1984 . “ When angels fall: Women's drinking as cultural preoccupation and as reality. ” . In Alcohol Problems in Women. Edited by: Wilsnack , S. C. and Beckman , L. J. New York : Guilford Press. .
  • Fingarette , H. 1988 . Heavy Drinking. Berkeley : University of California Press. .
  • Finigan , M. 1996 . Societal Outcomes and Cost Savings of Drug and Alcohol Treatment in the State of Oregon. Salem, Oregon : Department of Human Resources. Office of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Programs. .
  • Finkelstein , N. 1990 . Treatment issues: Women and substance abuse Paper prepared for the National Coalition on Alcohol and Drug Dependent Women and Their Children. September
  • Gerstein , D. R. and Harwood , H. J. , eds. 1990 . Treating Drug Problems. Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press. .
  • Gerstein , D. R. , Johnson , R. A. , Harwood , H. J. , Fountain , D. , Suter , N. and Malloy , K. 1994 . Evaluating Recovery Services: The California Drug and Alcohol Treatment Assessment. Sacramento : Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs. .
  • Glenn , S. W. , Parson , O. A. and Stevens , L. 1989 . Effects of alcohol abuse and familial alcoholism on physical health in men and women . Health Psychology , 8 ( 3 ) : 325 – 41 .
  • Goldstein , A. 1994 . Addiction From Biology to Drug Policy New York : W. H. Freeman & Co. .
  • Gomberg , E. S. 1993 . Women and alcohol: Use and abuse . The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 181 ( 4 ) : 211 – 19 .
  • Grant , D. F. , Harford , T. C. , Chow , P. , Pickering , R. , Dawson , D. A. , Stinson , F. S. and Noble , J. 1991 . Epidemiologic Bulletin No. 27: Prevalence of DSM-III-R alcohol abuse and dependence: United States, 1988 . Alcohol Health and Research World , 15 ( 1 ) : 91 – 96 .
  • Griffin , M. , Weiss , R. , Mirin , S. and Lange , U. 1989 . A comparison of male and female cocaine abusers . Archives of General Psychiatry , 46 : 122 – 26 .
  • Grubb , W. N. and Lazerson , M. 1982 . Broken Promises: How Americans Fail their Children. New York : Basic Books. .
  • Harrison , P. A. and Belille , C. A. 1987 . Women in treatment: Beyond the stereotype . Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 48 : 574 – 78 .
  • Harwood , H. J. , Napolitano , D. M. , Kristiansen , P. and Collins , J. J. 1984 . Economic Costs to Society of Alcohol and Drug Abuse and Mental Illness 1980. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina : Research Triangle Institute. .
  • Hershey , S. 1995 . Report to the Office of Perinatal Substance Abuse Sacramento California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs. . Unpublished Report
  • Hesselbrock , M. M. , Meyer , R. E. and Keener , J. J. 1985 . Psychopathology in hospitalized alcoholics . Archives of General Psychiatry , 42 : 1050 – 55 .
  • Hewitt , C. C. 1943 . A personality study of alcohol addiction . Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 4 : 368 – 86 .
  • Hill , L. 1995 . Perinatal data updates: Fiscal year 1993–94 Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs Memorandum to Nancy Young dated March 21
  • Hopkins , E. 1990 . Childhood's end . Rolling Stone , 68–72 : 108110 October
  • Jaffe , J. H. 1987 . Footnotes in the evolution of the American national response: Some little known aspects of the first American strategy for drug abuse and drug traffic prevention . British Journal of Addiction , 82 : 587 – 600 .
  • Jansson , B. 1993 . The Reluctant Welfare State. Pacific Grove, California : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. .
  • Jellinek , E. M. 1960 . The Disease Concept of Alcoholism. New Brunswick, New Jersey : Hillhouse Press. .
  • Johnson , S. 1991 . “ Recent research: Alcohol and women's bodies. ” . In Alcohol and Drugs are Women' Issues. Vol. I. Edited by: Roth , P. Metuchen, New Jersey & London : Women's Action Alliance and The Scarecrow Press. .
  • Jones , K. L. and Smith , D. W. 1973 . Recognition of the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in early infancy . Lancet , 2 : 999 – 1001 .
  • Kamerman , S. D. and Kahn , A. J. 1989 . Social Services for Children Youth and Families in the U.S. Greenwich, Connecticut : The Annie E. Casey Foundation. .
  • Kantrowitz , B. , Wingert , P. , de la Pena , N. , Gordon , J. and Padgett , T. 1990 . “ The crack children. ” . In Newsweek 62 – 63 . February 12
  • Karpman , B. 1948 . The Alcoholic Woman. Washington, D.C. : Linacre. .
  • Kubicka , L. , Csemy , L. and Kozeny , J. The sociodemographic, microsocial, and attitudinal context of Czech women's drinking . Paper presented at the Symposium on Alcohol. Family and Significant Other, Social Research Institute on Alcohol Studies and Nordic Council for Alcohol and Drug Research . Helsinki, Finland.
  • Kumpfer , K. L. , Prazza , A. H. and Whiteside , H. O. 1990 . “ The etiology of alcohol and other drug problems: Nature vs. nurture. ” . In Recent research: Alcohol and women's bodies. Alcohol and Drugs are Women's Issues. Edited by: Johnson , S. Metuchen, New Jersey : Women's Action Alliance and The Scarecrow Press. .
  • Langenbucher , J. W. , McCrady , B. S. , Brick , J. and Esterly , R. 1994 . Socioeconomic Evaluations of Addictions Treatment. Piscataway, New Jersey : Rutgers University Center of Alcohol Studies. .
  • Leonard , K. E. and Jacob , T. 1988 . “ Alcohol, alcoholism, and family violence. ” . In Handbook of Family Violence. Edited by: Van Hasselt , V. B. , Morrison , R. L. , Bellack , A. S. and Hersen , M. New York : Plenum. .
  • Levine , H. 1978 . Discovery of addiction: Changing conceptions of habitual drunkenness in America . Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 39 ( 1 ) : 153 – 74 .
  • Levine , J. 1955 . The sexual adjustment of alcoholics: A clinical study of a selected sample . Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol. , 16 : 675 – 680 .
  • Lolli , G. 1949 . The addictive drinker . Quailerly Journal of Studies on Alcohol , 10 : 404 – 14 .
  • Longnecker , M. P. , Berlin , J. A. , Orza , M. I. and Chalmers , T. C. 1988 . A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption in relation to risk of breast cancer . Journal of the American Medical Association , 260 : 652 – 56 .
  • Magner , L. 1993 . Local study shows connection between alcohol and domestic violence . The Lemon Grove Review , 46 ( 6 ) : 1.3.
  • Maltzman , I. 1994 . Why alcoholism is a disease . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs , 26 ( 1 ) : 13 – 31 .
  • Marques , P. R. , Branch , D. G. and Tippetts , A. S. Preliminary report on maternal cocaine abuse correlates of infant outcomes . Presentation at the National Institute on Drug Abuse Technical Review. “The Perinatal-20: A program of treatment research on drug-exposed women and their children.” . June 16–17 , Palm Beach, Florida.
  • McGinnis , J. M. and Foege , W. H. 1993 . Actual causes of death in the United States . Journal of the American Medical Association , 270 ( 18 ) : 2207 – 12 .
  • Miller , B. A. 1990 . “ The interrelationships between alcohol and drugs and family violence. ” . In Drugs and Violence: Causes, Correlates, and Consequences. Edited by: De La Rosa , M. , Lambert , E. Y. and Gropper , B. Rockville, Maryland : National Institute on Drug Abuse. .
  • Miller , B. A. , Downs , W. R. , Gondoli , D. M. and Keil , A. 1987 . The role of childhood sexual abuse in the development of alcoholism in women . Violence and Victims , 2 ( 3 ) : 157 – 72 .
  • Miller , B. A. , Downs , W. R. and Testa , M. 1993 . Interrelationships between victimization experience and women's alcohol use . Journal of Studies on Alcohol. Supplement , 11 : 107 – 17 .
  • Moore , M. H. and Gerstein , D. R. 1981 . Alcohol and Public Policy: Beyond the Shadow of Prohibition. Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press. .
  • Murray , C. 1984 . Losing Ground: American Social Policy 1950–1980. New York : Basic Books. .
  • Musto , D. 1987 . The American Disease: Origins of Narcotic Control. New York : Oxford University Press. .
  • National Council on Alcoholism . 1987 . A Federal Response to a Hidden Epidemic: Alcohol and Other Drug Problems Among Women. Washington, D.C. : National Council on Alcoholism. .
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism . 1993 . Eighth Special Report to the United States Congress on Alcohol and Health from the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Rockville, Maryland : United States Department of Health and Human Services. .
  • Nurco , D. 1986 . Drug addiction and crime: A complicated issue . British Journal of Addiction , 2 : 7 – 9 .
  • O'Brien , R. and Cohen , S. 1984 . “ The history of drugs and man. ” . In The Encyclopedia of Drug Abuse. New York : Facts on File. .
  • Oppenheimer , E. 1991 . Alcohol and drug misuse among women—An overview . British Journal of Psychiatry , 158 : 36 – 44 .
  • Owen , A. 1994 . The challenge of dual diagnosis: Treating the mentally ill substance abuser Unpublished report submitted to the California Department of Alcohol and Drugs Programs, Sacramento
  • Pelton , L. 1989 . For Reasons of Poverty. New York : Praeger. .
  • Piazza , N. J. , Vebka , J. L. and Yeager , R. D. 1989 . Telescoping of alcoholism in women alcoholics . International Journal of the Addictions , 13 : 1285 – 93 .
  • Regier , D. , Narrow , W. , Rae , D. , Manderscheid , R. , Locke , B. and Goodwin , F. 1993 . The de facto U.S. mental and addictive prevalence rates of disorders and services . Archives of General Psychiatry , 50 : 85 – 94 .
  • Reiss , A. J. and Roth , J. A. , eds. 1993 . Understanding and Preventing Violence. Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press. .
  • Rice , D. P. , Kelman , S. , Miller , L. S. and Dunmeyer , S. 1990 . The Economic Costs of Alcohol and Drug Abuse and Mental Illness: 1985. Report Submitted to the Office of Financing and Coverage Policy of the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. San Francisco : University of California Institute for Health and Aging. .
  • Rohsenow , D. , Corbett , R. and Devine , D. 1988 . Molested as children: A hidden contribution to substance abuse? . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 5 : 13 – 18 .
  • Rosenberg , L. , Metzger , L. S. and Palmer , J. R. 1993 . Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer: A review of the epidemiologic evidence . Epidemiological Review , 15 : 133 – 44 .
  • Ross , H. , Glaser , F. and Staisny , S. 1988 . Sex differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with alcohol and drug problems . British Journal of Addiction , 83 : 1179 – 192 .
  • Rounsaville , B. J. , Dolinsky , Z. , Babor , F. T. and Meyer , R. E. 1987 . Psychopathology as a predictor of treatment outcomes in alcoholics . Archives of General Psychiatry , 44 : 505 – 13 .
  • Rush , D. and Callahan , K. R. 1989 . Exposure to passive cigarette smoking and child development: A critical review . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , 562 : 74 – 100 .
  • Russell , S. A. and Wilsnack , S. 1991 . “ Adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse: Substance abuse and other consequences. ” . In Alcohol and Drugs are Women'., Issues. Edited by: Roth , P. Metuchen, New Jersey : Women's Action Alliance and The Scarecrow Press. .
  • Russell , S. A. , Wilsnack , S. C. , Klassen , A. D. and Deitz , S. R. Consequences of childhood sexual abuse among problem-drinking and nonproblem-drinking women in a U.S. national survey . Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology . Chicago.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) . 1993 . Making Prevention Treatment Work. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. . DHHS Pub. No. (SMA) 93–2058
  • Selzer , M. L. 1971 . The Michigan Alcoholism Screen Test: The quest for a new diagnostic instrument . American Journal of Psychiatry , 176 ( 12 ) : 1653 – 58 .
  • Sidel , R. 1986 . Women and Children List. New York : Viking. .
  • Smith , E. M. , North , C. S. and Spitznagel , E. L. 1993 . Alcohol, drugs, and psychiatric comorbidity among homeless women: An epidemiologic study . Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , 54 ( 3 ) : 82 – 87 .
  • Stone , K. 1990 . Hope for the children of crack . Daily News , : 1 18 September 9
  • Swett , C. , Cohen , C. , Surrey , J. , Compaine , A. and Chavez , R. 1991 . High rates of alcohol use and history of physical and sexual abuse among women outpatients . American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 17 ( 1 ) : 69 – 70 .
  • Swett , C. and Halpert , M. 1994 . High rates of alcohol problems and history of physical and sexual abuse among women inpatients . American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 20 ( 2 ) : 263 – 72 .
  • Thom , B. 1987 . Sex differences in help-seeking for alcohol problems: 2. Entry into treatment . British Journal of Addiction , 82 : 989 – 97 .
  • Thorp , J. M. and Hillder-Sturmhofel , S. 1994 . The Obstetrician/Gynecologist . Alcohol Health & Research World , 18 ( 2 ) : 117 – 20 .
  • U.S. Bureau of the Census . 1993 . The American Almanac, Statistical Abstract of the United States 1993–1994. Austin, Texas : The Reference Press. .
  • U.S. Bureau of the Census . 1992 . Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1992. , 112th edition. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Commerce. .
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, National Institute on Drug Abuse, and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration . 1994 . Patterns of Substance Use and Substance-Related Impairment among Participants in the Aid to Families with Dependent Children Program (AFDC). Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. .
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . 1994 . HHS Releases 1993 Household Drug Survey Press release dated July 20, 1994
  • U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) . 1994 . Foster Care: Parental Drug Abuse has Alarming Impact on Young Children. Washington, D.C. : General Accounting Office, Health, Education, and Human Services Division. . GAO/HEHS-94–89
  • Van Hasselt , V. , Morrison , R. and Bellack , A. 1985 . Alcohol use in wife abusers and their spouses . Addictive Behaviors , 10 : 127 – 35 .
  • Vega , W. A. , Noble , A. , Kolody , B. , Porter , P. , Hwang , J. and Bole , A. 1993 . Profile of Alcohol and Drug Use during Pregnancy in California, 1992. Berkeley : University of California School of Public Health and The Western Consortium for Public Health. .
  • Wallen , J. 1992 . A comparison of male and female clients in substance abuse treatment . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 9 : 243 – 48 .
  • Wellisch , J. , Prendergast , M. L. and Anglin , M. D. 1993 . Criminal justice and drug treatment, Systems linkage: Federal promotion of inter-agency collaboration in the 1970s . Contemporary Drug Problems , : 611 – 50 . Winter
  • Wilsnack , S. C. 1984 . “ Drinking, sexuality, and sexual dysfunction in women: Adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. ” . In Alcohol and Drugs are Women's Issues. Edited by: Russell , S. A. and Wilnack , S. Metuchen, New Jersey : Women's Action Alliance and The Scarecrow Press. .
  • Wilsnack , S. C. , Klassen , A. D. , Schur , B. E. and Wilsnack , R. W. 1991 . Predicting onset and chronicity of women's problem drinking: A five-year longitudinal analysis . American Journal of Public Health , 81 : 305 – 18 .
  • Wilsnack , S. C. and Wilsnack , R. W. 1991 . Epidemiology of women's drinking . Journal of Substance Abuse , 3 : 133 – 57 .
  • Winett , D. 1992 . Profile of the inmate substance abuser Spring, Sacramento : California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs. . Paper presented at the State Epidemiology Work Group
  • Worth , D. 1991 . “ American women and polydrug abuse. ” . In Alcohol and Drugs are Women's Issues. Edited by: Roth , P. Vol. I , Metuchen, New Jersey & London : Women's Action Alliance and The Scarecrow Press. .
  • Young , N. K. 1996 . Alcohol and Other Drug Treatment: Policy Choices in Welfare Reform. Washington, D.C. : Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment and the National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors. .
  • Young , N. K. and Gardner , S. L. 1997 . Implementing Welfare Reform: Solutions to the Substance Abuse Problem. Washington, D.C. & Irvine, California : Drug Strategies and Children and Family Futures. .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.