620
Views
99
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Pharmahuasca: Human Pharmacology of Oral DMT Plus Harmine

Pages 171-177 | Published online: 23 Jan 2012

REFERENCES

  • Abramson , H. A. and Rollo , A. 1967 . “ Comparison of LSD with methysergide and psilocybin on test subjects ” . In The Use of LSD in Psychotherapy and Alcoholism. , Edited by: Abramson , H. A. New York : Bobbs Merrill .
  • Agurell , S. , Holmstedt , B. and Lindgren , J. E. 1968 . Alkaloid content of . Banisteriopsis rusbyana. American Journal of Pharmacy , 140 ( 5 ) : 148 – 51 .
  • Allen , J. R.F. and Holmstedt , B. R. 1980 . The simple β-carboline alkaloids . Phytochemistry , 19 : 1573 – 82 .
  • Bernauer , K. 1964 . Notiz über die Isolierung von Harmin und(+)-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-harmin aus einer indianischen Schnupfdroge . Helvetica Chimica Acta , 47 ( 4 ) : 1075 – 77 .
  • Bigwood , J. 1978 . Washington : Shelton . Personal communications
  • Bigwood , J. and Ott , J. 1977 . DMT: The fifteen minute trip . Head , November: 56 et seq
  • Biocca , E. F. , Galeffi , C , Montalvo , E. G. and Marini-Bettòlo , G. B. 1964 . Sulla sostanze allucinogene impiegata in Amazonia. Nota I. Osservazioni sul paricá dei Tukâno e Tariana del bacino del Río Uaupés . Annali di Chimica , 54 : 1175 – 78 .
  • Bonson , K. R. , Buckholtz , J. W. and Murphy , D. L. 1996 . Chronic administration of serotonergic antidepressants attenuates the subjective effects of LSD in humans . Neuropsychopharmacology , 14 ( 6 ) : 425 – 36 .
  • Bonson , K. 1994 . Psychedelics and psychiatric drugs: National Institute of Mental Health update . MAPS Bulletin , V ( 1 ) : 9
  • Böszörményi , Z. , Dér , P. and Nagy , T. 1959 . Observations on the psychotogenic effect of N-N diethyltryptamine, a new tryptamine derivative . Journal of Mental Science , 105 : 171 – 81 .
  • Callaway , J. C. 1995 . Endogenous β-carbolines and other indole alkaloids in mammals . Integration: Zeitschrift für Geistbewegende Pflanzen und Kultur , 5 : 19 – 33 .
  • Callaway , J. C. 1992 . Personal communications. San Luis Potosí, México and letter dated 4 December
  • Der Marderosian , A. H. , Kensinger , K. M. , Chao , J.-M. and Goldstein , F. J. 1970 . The use and hallucinatory principles of a psychoactive beverage of the Cashinahua tribe (Amazon basin) . Drug Dependence , 5 : 7 – 14 .
  • Der Marderosian , A. H. , Pinkley , H. V. and Dobbins , I V.M.F. 1968 . Native use and occurence [sic] of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in the leaves of . Banisteriopsis rusbyana. American Journal of Pharmacy , 140 ( 5 ) : 137 – 47 .
  • de Smet , P. A.G.M. 1983 . A multidisciplinary overview of intoxicating enema rituals in the western hemisphere . Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 9 ( 2,3 ) : 129 – 66 .
  • Festi , F. and Samorini , G. 1993 . Alcaloidi indolici psicoattivi nei generi Phalaris e ArundoGraminaceae) [sic]: Una rassegna . Annali dei Musei Civici di Rovereto , 9 : 239 – 87 .
  • Fish , M. S. , Johnson , N. M. and Horning , E C . 1955 . Piptadenia alkaloids. Indole bases of P. peregrina (L.) Benth. and related species . Journal of the American Chemical Society , 77 : 5892 – 95 .
  • Font Quer , P. 1993 . Plantas Medicinales: El Dioscórides Renovado. , Barcelona : Editorial Labor .
  • Gonçalves de Lima , O. 1946 . Observaçôes sôbre o “vinho da Jurema” utilizado pelos índios Pancarú de Tacaratú (Pernambuco) . Arquivos do Instituto do Pesquisas Agróndmicas , 4 : 45 – 80 .
  • Gracie and Zarkov . 1986 . An Indo-European plant teacher . Notes from the Underground , 10 : 1 – 5 .
  • Grof , S. and Dytrych , Z. 1965 . Blocking of the LSD reaction by premedication with Niamid . Activitas Nervosa Superior [Prague] , 7 : 306
  • Hassan , I. 1967 . Some folk uses of Peganum harmala in India and Pakistan . Economic Botany , 21 ( 4 ) : 384
  • Holmstedt , B. and Lindgren , J.-E. 1967 . “ Chemical constituents and pharmacology of South American snuffs ” . In Ethnopharmacologic Search for Psychoactive Drugs. , Edited by: Efron , D. H. , Holmstedt , B. and Kline , N. S. Washington , DC : U.S. GPO .
  • Kirtikar , K. R. , Basu , B. D. , An , I. C.S. , Blatter , E. , Caius , J. F. and Mhaskar , K. S. 1935 . Indian Medicinal Plants. , Volume III , Allahabad , , India : Lalit Mohan Basu .
  • Liwszyc , G. E. , Vuori , E. , Rasanen , I. and Issakainen , J. 1992 . Daime—A ritual herbal potion . Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 36 ( 1 ) : 91 – 92 .
  • McKenna , D. J. , Towers , G. H.N. and Abbott , F. 1984 . Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in South American hallucinogenic plants: Tryptamine and β-carboline constituents of . ayahuasca. Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 10 ( 2 ) : 195 – 223 .
  • Manske , R. H.F. 1952 . The Alkaloids. , Volume II , New York : Academic Press .
  • Manske , R. H.F. 1931 . A synthesis of the methyl-tryptamines and some derivatives . Canadian Journal of Research , 5 : 592 – 600 .
  • Markus , M. 1989 . “ Cited in Leuner, H. & Schlichting, M. A report on the symposium “On the Current State of Research in the Area of Psychoactive Substances.” . In The Gateway to Inner Space: A Festschrift in Honor of Albert Hofmann. , Edited by: Rätsch , C. Bridport , , England : Prism Press .
  • Meyer , P. 1992 . Apparent communication with discamate entities induced by dimethyltryptamine (DMT) . Jahrbuch für Ethnomedizin und Bewuβtseinsforschung , 1 : 149 – 174 . Reprint, 1994. In: T. Lyttle (Ed.) Psychedelics. New York: Barricade Books
  • Monardes , N. 1990 . Herbolaria de Indias. México City: Redacta. Original 1569; English translation 1574 (reprint 1925). Joyfull Newes Out of the Newe Founde Worlde. , London : A A Knopf .
  • Moore , M. 1989 . Medicinal Plants of the Desert and Canyon West. , Santa Fe : Museum of New México Press .
  • Naranjo , C. 1967 . “ Psychotropic properties of the harmala alkaloids ” . In Ethnopharmacologic Search for Psychoactive Drugs. , Edited by: Efron , D. H. , Holmstedt , B. and Kline , N. S. Washington , DC : U.S. GPO .
  • Novaes da Mota , C. 1987 . As Jurema Told Us: Kariri-Shoko and Shoko Mode of Utilization of Medicinal Plants in the Context of Modern Northeastern Brazil. Thesis, Austin: University of Texas . Dissertation Abstracts , 48 ( 5 ) : 1244-A
  • Oga , S. , de Freitas , P. C.D. , Gomes da Silva , A. C. and Hanada , S. 1984 . Pharmacological trials of crude extract of . Passiflora alata. Planta Medico , 50 : 303 – 06 .
  • Ott , J. 1997 . Pharmacophilia or The Natural Paradises. , Kennewick : Natural Products Co .
  • Ott , J. 1996 . Pharmahuasca: On phenethylamines and potentiation . MAPS Bulletin , VI ( 3 ) : 32 – 35 .
  • Ott , J. 1995a . Ayahuasca e analoghi dell' ayahuasca: Enteogeni universali per il nuovo millennio . Altrove , 2 : 14 – 23 . (Also in English, 1995. Jahrbuch für Ethnomedizin und Bewuβtseinsforschung 3: 285–293.)
  • Ott , J. 1995b . Ethnopharmacognosy and human pharmacology of Salvia divinorum and salvinorin A . Curare: Zeitschrift für Ethnomedizin , 18 ( 1 ) : 103 – 29 .
  • Ott , J. 1995c . Ayahuasca—Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and human pharmacology . Integration: Zeitschrift für Geistbewegende Pflanzen und Kultur , 5 : 72 – 98 .
  • Ott , J. 1995d . The Age of Entheogens & The Angels' Dictionary. , Kennewick : Natural Products Co .
  • Ott , J. 1994 . Ayahuasca Analogues: Pangæan Entheogens Kennewick: Natural Products Co. (German translation, 1995. Ayahuasca Analoge: Pangæische Entheogene. , Löhrbach , , Germany : MedienXperimente .
  • Ott , J. 1996 [1993] . Pharmacotheon: Entheogenic Drugs, Their Plant Sources and History., , Revised edition , Kennewick : Natural Products Co. . (Castillian translation, 1996. Pharmacotheon: Drogas Enteógenas, sus Fuentes Vegetales y su Historia. Barcelona: Los Libros de la Liebre de Marzo.)
  • Pachter , I. J. , Zacharias , D. E. and Ribeiro , O. 1959 . Indole alkaloids of Acer saccharinum (the silver maple), Dictyoloma incanescens, Piptadenia colubrina, and . Mimosa hostilis. Journal of Organic Chemistry , 24 : 1285 – 87 .
  • Poisson , J. 1965 . Note sur le “Natem”, boisson toxique péruvienne et ses alcaloïdes . Annales Pharmaceutiques Françaises , 23 ( 4 ) : 241 – 44 .
  • Resnick , O. , Krus , D. M. and Raskin , M. 1964 . LSD-25 action in normal subjects treated with a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor . Life Sciences , 3 ( 11 ) : 1207 – 14 .
  • Rivier , L. and Lindgren , J.-E. 1972 . “Ayahuasca,” the South American hallucinogenic drink: An ethnobotanical and chemical investigation . Economic Botany , 26 ( 1 ) : 101 – 29 .
  • Sai-Halász , A. 1963 . The effect of MAO inhibition on the experimental psychosis induced by dimethyltryptamine . Psychopharmacologia , 4 ( 6 ) : 385 – 88 .
  • Sai-Halász , A. 1962 . The effect of antiserotonin on the experimental psychosis induced by dimethyltryptamine . Experientia , 18 ( 3 ) : 137 – 38 .
  • Sai-Halász , A. , Brunecker , G. and Szára , S. 1958 . Dimethyltryptamin: Ein neues Psychoticum . Psychiatria et Neurologia , 135 : 285 – 301 .
  • Schultes , R. E. and Hofmann , A. 1980 . The Botany and Chemistry of Hallucinogens., , Second edition , Springfield : C.C Thomas . revised
  • Shamma al- , A. and Abdul-Ghany , A.-M. 1977 . A comparative study of the alkaloidal contents of Peganum harmala L . Bulletin of the Biology Research Center, Baghdad , 8 : 10 – 16 .
  • Shulgin , A. T. 1993 . Maui , HI Personal communications
  • Shulgin , A. T. 1983 . Cited In: P.A.G.M. de Smet. A multidisciplinary overview of intoxicating enema rituals in the western hemisphere . Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 9 ( 2,3 ) : 129 – 66 .
  • Shulgin , A. T. 1976 . Profiles of psychedelic drugs. 1. DMT . Journal of Psychedelic Drugs , 8 ( 2 ) : 167 – 68 .
  • Shulgin , A. T. 1970 . “ Chemistry and structure-activity relationships of the psychotomimetics ” . In Psychotomimetic Drugs. , Edited by: Efron , D. H. New York : Raven Press .
  • Shulgin , A. T. and Shulgin , A. 1997 . TIHKAL: The Continuation. , Berkeley : Transform Press .
  • Shulgin , A. T. and Shulgin , A. 1991 . PIHKAL A Chemical Love Story. , Berkeley : Transform Press .
  • Siebert , D. J. 1994 . Salvia divinorum and salvinorin A: New pharmacologic findings . Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 43 ( 1 ) : 53 – 56 .
  • Smith , T. A. 1977 . Tryptamine and related compounds in plants . Phytochemistry , 16 : 171 – 75 .
  • Speroni , E. and Minghetti , A. 1988 . Neuropharmacological activity of extracts from . Passiflora incarnata. Planta Medica , 54 : 488 – 91 .
  • Strassman , R. J. and Quails , C. R. 1994 . Dose-response study of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in humans I. Neuroendocrine, autonomic, and cardiovascular effects . Archives of General Psychiatry , 51 : 85 – 97 .
  • Strassman , R. J. , Quails , C. R. , Uhlenhuth , E. H. and Kellner , R. 1994 . Dose-response study of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in humans II. Subjective effects and preliminary results of a new rating scale . Archives of General Psychiatry , 51 : 98 – 108 .
  • Szára , S. I. 1957 . “ The comparison of the psychotic effect of tryptamine derivatives with the effects of mescaline and LSD-25 in self-experiments ” . In Psychotropic Drugs. , Edited by: Garattini , S. and Ghetti , V. Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • Turner , W. J. and Merlis , S. 1959 . Effect of some indolealkylamines on man . Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry , 81 : 121 – 2 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.