280
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Too Much Information? Excessive Media Use, Maladaptive Coping, and Increases in Problematic Cannabis Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic

, Ph.D.ORCID Icon & , Ph.D.ORCID Icon
Pages 207-216 | Received 13 Jun 2021, Accepted 29 Oct 2021, Published online: 02 Feb 2022

References

  • Anastasi, A. 1988. Psychological testing. New York: Macmillan.
  • Bastani, P., and M. A. Bahrami. 2020. COVID-19 related misinformation on social media: A qualitative study from Iran. Journal of Medical Internet Research. doi:10.2196/18932.
  • Belding, M. A., M. Y. Iguchi, R. J. Lamb, M. Lakin, and R. Terry. 1996. Coping strategies and continued drug use among methadone maintenance patients. Addictive Behaviors 21 (3):389–401. doi:10.1016/0306-4603(95)00069-0.
  • Bendau, A., M. B. Petzold, L. Pyrkosch, L. Mascarell Maricic, F. Betzler, J. Rogoll, and J. Plag. 2020. Associations between COVID-19 related media consumption and symptoms of anxiety, depression and COVID-19 related fear in the general population in Germany. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 271 (2):283–91. doi:10.1007/s00406-020-01171-6.
  • Brailovskaia, J., and J. Margraf. 2021. The relationship between burden caused by coronavirus (Covid-19), addictive social media use, sense of control and anxiety. Computers in Human Behavior 119:106720. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.106720.
  • Central Bureau of Statistics. 2015. The population of Israel in the year 2015–2016. Accessed 4 September 2021. http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/cw_usr_view_Folder?ID=141
  • Conger, J. J. 1956. Reinforcement theory and the dynamics of alcoholism. Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol 17:296–305. doi:10.15288/qjsa.1956.17.296.
  • Cooper, M. L., M. Russell, J. B. Skinner, and M. Windle. 1992. Development and validation of a three-dimensional measure of drinking notives. Psychological Assessment 4 (2):123–32. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.2.123.
  • Dumas, T. M., W. Ellis, and D. M. Litt. 2020. What does adolescent substance use look like during the COVID-19 pandemic? Examining changes in frequency, social contexts, and pandemic-related predictors. Journal of Adolescent Health 67 (3):354–61. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.06.018.
  • Eisen, S. A., S. Chantarujikapong, H. Xian, M. J. Lyons, R. Toomey, W. R. True, and M. T. Tsuang. 2002. Does marijuana use have residual adverse effects on self-reported health measures, socio-demographics and quality of life? A monozygotic co-twin control study in men. Addiction 97 (9):1137–44. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00120.x.
  • Garfin, D. R., E. A. Holman, and R. C. Silver. 2015. Cumulative exposure to prior collective trauma and acute stress responses to the Boston marathon bombings. Psychological Science 26 (6):675–83. doi:10.1177/0956797614561043.
  • Garfin, D. R., R. C. Silver, and E. A. Holman. 2020. The novel coronavirus (COVID-2019) outbreak: Amplification of public health consequences by media exposure. Health Psychology 39 (5):355–57. doi:10.1037/hea0000875.
  • Garfin, D. R., R. R. Thompson, and E. A. Holman. 2018. Acute stress and subsequent health outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 112:107–13. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.05.017.
  • Goodwin, L. D., and N. L. Leach. 2006. Understanding correlation: Factors that affect the size of r. The Journal of Experimental Education 74 (3):251–66. doi:10.3200/JEXE.74.3.249-266.
  • Grossman, E. R., S. E. Benjamin-Neelson, and S. Sonnenschein. 2020. Alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey of US adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17 (24):9189. doi:10.3390/ijerph17249189.
  • Guttmannova, K., R. Kosterman, H. R. White, J. A. Bailey, O. J. Lee, M. Epstein, and J. D. Hawkins. 2017. The association between regular marijuana use and adult mental health outcomes. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 179:109–16. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.06.016.
  • Hall, W., and L. Degenhardt. 2014. The adverse health effects of chronic cannabis use. Drug Testing and Analysis 6 (1–2):39–45. doi:10.1002/dta.1506.
  • Hall, W. 2009. The adverse health effects of cannabis use: What are they, and what are their implications for policy? International Journal of Drug Policy 20 (6):458–66. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.02.013.
  • Hall, W. 2015. What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use? Addiction 110 (1):19–35. doi:10.1111/add.12703.
  • Hayes, A. F. 2009. Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs 76 (4):408–20. doi:10.1080/03637750903310360.
  • Hayes, A. F. 2013. Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, US: Guilford Press.
  • Holman, A., D. Garfin, and R. Silver. 2014. Media’s role in broadcasting acute stress following the Boston Marathon bombings. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(1):93-98. doi:10.1073/pnas.1316265110
  • Hou, Y., D. Xiong, T. Jiang, L. Song, and Q. Wang. 2019. Social media addiction: Its impact, mediation, and intervention. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace 13(1). Article 4. doi:10.5817/CP2019-1-4.
  • Hu, Y. 2020. Intersecting ethnic and native–migrant inequalities in the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 68:100528. doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2020.100528.
  • Hua, J., and R. Shaw. 2020. Corona Virus (COVID-19) “Infodemic” and emerging issues through a data lens: The case of China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17 (7):2309. doi:10.3390/ijerph17072309.
  • Hyman, S. M., and R. Sinha. 2009. Stress-related factors in cannabis use and misuse: Implications for prevention and treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 36 (4):400–13. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2008.08.005.
  • Ingledew, D. K., L. Hardy, C. L. Cooper, and H. Jemal. 1996. Health behaviours reported as coping strategies: A factor analytical study. British Journal of Health Psychology 1 (3):263–81. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8287.1996.tb00508.x.
  • Ko, N.-Y., W.-H. Lu, Y.-L. Chen, D.-J. Li, P.-W. Wang, S.-T. Hsu, and C.-F. Yen. 2020. COVID-19-related information sources and psychological well-being: An online survey study in Taiwan. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 87:153–54. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.019.
  • Lev-Ran, S., M. Roerecke, B. Le Foll, T. P. George, K. McKenzie, and J. Rehm. 2014. The association between cannabis use and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Medicine 44 (4):797–810. doi:10.1017/s0033291713001438.
  • Lewis, N., and S. Sznitman. 2019. Engagement with medical cannabis information from online and mass media sources: Is it related to medical cannabis attitudes and support for legalization? International Journal of Drug Policy 73 (S1):219–27. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.01.005.
  • Lewis, N., Sznitman, S., and O. Carmel. 2017. Measures of information seeking: A validation study in the context of nonmedical drug use behaviors, Communication Methods and Measures 11(4):266–288. doi:10.1080/19312458.2017.1326021
  • Li, J., Z. Yang, H. Qiu, Y. Wang, L. Jian, J. Ji, and K. Li. 2020. Anxiety and depression among general population in China at the peak of the COVID-19 epidemic. World Psychiatry 19 (2):249–50. doi:10.1002/wps.20758.
  • Litt, M. D., R. M. Kadden, H. Tennen, and N. M. Petry. 2020. Individualized assessment and treatment program (IATP) for cannabis use disorder: Randomized controlled trial with and without contingency management. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 34 (1):40–51. doi:10.1037/adb0000491.
  • Litt, M. D., R. M. Kadden, N. L. Cooney, and E. Kabela. 2003. Coping skills and treatment outcomes in cognitive-behavioral and interactional group therapy for alcoholism. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 71 (1):118–28. doi:10.1037//0022-006x.71.1.118.
  • Litt, M. D., R. M. Kadden, and R. S. Stephens. 2005. Coping and self-efficacy in marijuana treatment: Results from the marijuana treatment project. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 73 (6):1015–25. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.6.1015.
  • Merchant, R. M., and N. Lurie. 2020. Social media and emergency preparedness in response to novel Coronavirus. JAMA 323 (20):2011–12. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4469.
  • Moos, R. H. 2007. Theory-based active ingredients of effective treatments for substance use disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 88 (2–3):109–21. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.10.010.
  • Nekliudov, N. A., O. Blyuss, K. Y. Cheung, L. Petrou, J. Genuneit, N. Sushentsev, and D. Munblit. 2020. Excessive media consumption about COVID-19 is associated with increased state anxiety: Outcomes of a large online survey in Russia. Journal of Medical Internet Research 22 (9):e20955. doi:10.2196/20955.
  • Nguyen, H. T., B. N. Do, K. M. Pham, G. B. Kim, H. T. B. Dam, T. T. Nguyen, and T. V. Duong. 2020. Fear of COVID-19 scale-associations of Its scores with health literacy and health-related behaviors among medical students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17 (11):4164. doi:10.3390/ijerph17114164.
  • Ni, M. Y., L. Yang, C. M. C. Leung, and Q. Liao. 2020. Mental health, risk factors, and social media use during the COVID-19 epidemic and cordon sanitaire among the community and health professionals in Wuhan, China: Cross-sectional Survey. JMIR Mental Health 7 (5):e19009. doi:10.2196/19009.
  • Noack, R., M. Höfler, R. Gründler, A. Becker, R. Schulz, and K. Paul. 2009. Konsummuster als Kovarialben von DSM-IV Cannabis abhängigkeit [Relationships between cannabis use patterns and DSM-IV cannabis dependence]. Sucht (55):137–47. doi:10.1024/2009.03.02.
  • Pahayahay, A., and N. Khalili-Mahani. 2020. What media helps, what media hurts: A mixed methods survey study of coping with COVID-19 Using the media repertoire framework and the appraisal theory of stress. Journal of Medical Internet Research 22 (8):e20186. doi:10.2196/20186.
  • Passos, L., F. Prazeres, A. Teixeira, and C. Martins. 2020. Impact on mental health due to COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional study in Portugal and Brazil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17 (18):6794. doi:10.3390/ijerph17186794.
  • Pierce, M., H. Hope, T. Ford, S. Hatch, M. Hotopf, A. John, and K. M. Abel. 2020. Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal probability sample survey of the UK population. The Lancet Psychiatry 7 (10):883–92. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30308-4.
  • Piontek, D., L. Kraus, S. Legleye, and G. Buhringer. 2011. The validity of DSM-IV cannabis abuse and dependence criteria in adolescents and the value of additional cannabis use indicators. Addiction 106 (6):1137–45. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03359.x.
  • Preacher, K. J., and A. F. Hayes. 2008. Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods 40 (3):879–91. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879.
  • Rajkumar, R. P. 2020. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 52:102066–102066. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066.
  • Ramo, D. E., H. Liu, and J. J. Prochaska. 2012. Reliability and validity of young adults’ anonymous online reports of marijuana use and thoughts about use. Psychology of Addictive Behavior 26 (4):801–11. doi:10.1037/a0026201.
  • Rodriguez, L. M., D. M. Litt, and S. H. Stewart. 2020. Drinking to cope with the pandemic: The unique associations of COVID-19-related perceived threat and psychological distress to drinking behaviors in American men and women. Addictive Behaviors 110:106532. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106532.
  • Rolland, B., F. Haesebaert, E. Zante, A. Benyamina, J. Haesebaert, and N. Franck. 2020. Global changes and factors of increase in caloric/salty food, screen, and substance use, during the early COVID-19 containment phase in France: A general population online survey. JMIR Public Health and Surveilllance 18 (6):e19630. doi:10.2196/19630.
  • Silver, R. C., E. A. Holman, J. P. Andersen, M. Poulin, D. N. McIntosh, and V. Gil-Rivas. 2013. Mental and physical health effects of acute exposure to media images of the September 11, 2001 attacks and the Iraq War. Psychological Science 24 (9):1623–34. doi:10.1177/0956797612460406.
  • Sinha, R. 2001. How does stress increase risk of drug abuse and relapse? Psychopharmacology (Berl) 158 (4):343–59. doi:10.1007/s002130100917.
  • Smith, R. D. 2006. Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management. Social Science and Medicine 63 (12):3113–23. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.004.
  • Spss, I. 2017. SPSS Base 25.0 for Windows User’s Guide. Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
  • Sunnqvist, C., U. Persson, A. Westrin, L. Träskman-Bendz, and B. Lenntorp. 2013. Grasping the dynamics of suicidal behaviour: Combining time-geographic life charting and COPE ratings. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 20 (4):336–44. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2850.2012.01928.x.
  • Thompson, R. R., D. R. Garfin, E. A. Holman, and R. C. Silver. 2017. Distress, worry, and functioning following a global health crisis: A national study of Americans’ responses to ebola. Clinical Psychological Science 5 (3):513–21. doi:10.1177/2167702617692.
  • Thompson, R. R., N. M. Jones, E. A. Holman, and R. C. Silver. 2019. Media exposure to mass violence events can fuel a cycle of distress. Science Advances 5 (4):eaav3502. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aav3502.
  • Tyler Boden, M., R. Kimerling, M. Kulkarni, M. O. Bonn-Miller, C. Weaver, and J. Trafton. 2014. Coping among military veterans with PTSD in substance use disorder treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 47 (2):160–67. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2014.03.006.
  • Veer, I. M., A. Riepenhausen, M. Zerban, and R. Kalisch. 2021. Psycho-social factors associated with mental resilience in the Corona lockdown. Translational Psychiatry 11:67. doi:10.1038/s41398-020-01150-4.
  • Venkatesh, V. 2020. Impacts of COVID-19: A research agenda to support people in their fight. International Journal of Information Management 55:102197. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102197.
  • Von Sydow, K., R. Lieb, H. Pfister, M. Höfler, H. Sonntag, and H.-U. Wittchen. 2001. The natural course of cannabis use, abuse and dependence over four years: A longitudinal community study of adolescents and young adults. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 64 (3):347–61. doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00137-5.
  • Wagner, F. A., and J. C. Anthony. 2002. From first drug use to drug dependence: Developmental periods of risk for dependence upon marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol. Neuropsychopharmacology 26 (4):479–88. doi:10.1016/S0893-133x(01)00367-0.
  • Walker, R., and R. S. Stephens. 2014. Protective behavioral strategies mediate problem-focused coping and alcohol use in college students. Addictive Behaviors 39 (6):1033–37. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.02.006.
  • Wang, C., R. Pan, X. Wan, Y. Tan, L. Xu, R. S. McIntyre, and C. Ho. 2020. A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 87:40–48. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.028.
  • Wen, Z., and X. Fan. 2015. Monotonicity of effect sizes: Questioning kappa-squared as mediation effect size measure. Psychological Methods 20 (2):193–203. doi:10.1037/met0000029.
  • Wong, C. F., K. Silva, A. Kecojevic, S. M. Schrager, J. J. Bloom, E. Iverson, and S. E. Lankenau. 2013. Coping and emotion regulation profiles as predictors of nonmedical prescription drug and illicit drug use among high-risk young adults. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 132 (1–2):165–71. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.01.024.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). 2020. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report-106. Accessed on 8 August 2021. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/332060
  • Wright, L., A. Steptoe, and D. Fancourt. 2020. Are adversities and worries during the COVID-19 pandemic related to sleep quality? Longitudinal analyses of 48,000 UK adults. medRxiv 2020.2006.2002.20120311. doi:10.1101/2020.06.02.20120311.
  • Wu, P., X. Liu, Y. Fang, B. Fan, C. J. Fuller, Z. Guan, and I. J. Litvak. 2008. Alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms among hospital employees exposed to a SARS outbreak. Alcohol and Alcoholism 43 (6):706–12. doi:10.1093/alcalc/agn073.
  • Yıldırım, M., and A. Güler. 2020. COVID-19 severity, self-efficacy, knowledge, preventive behaviors, and mental health in Turkey. Death Studies 1–8. doi:10.1080/07481187.2020.1793434.
  • Young, K. S. 2007. Cognitive behavior therapy with Internet addicts: Treatment outcomes and implications. CyberPsychology & Behavior 10:671–79. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.9971.
  • Zuckerman, M., and M. Gagne. 2003. The COPE revised: Proposing a 5-factor model of coping strategies. Journal of Research in Personality 37 (3):169–204. doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00563-9.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.