The impact of repeated spirometry and smoking cessation advice on smokers with mild COPD

References

• Siafakas NM, Vermeire P, Pride NB, Paoletti P, Gibson J, Howard P, et al. Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A consensus statement of the European Respiratory Society (ERS). Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 1398–1420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pauwels RA, Buist AS, Ma P, Jenkins CR, Hurd SS. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and World Health Organization Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD): executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 1256–76
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fletcher C, Peto R. The natural history of chronic airflow obstruction. BMJ 1977; 1: 1645–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austoker J, Sanders D, Fowler G. Smoking and cancer: smoking cessation. BMJ 1994; 308: 1478–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, Kiley JP, Altose MD, Bailey WC, Buist AS, et al. Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV 1. The Lung Health Study. JAMA 1994; 272: 1497–1505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanner RE, Connett JE, Williams DE, Buist AS. Effects of randomized assignment to a smoking cessation intervention and changes in smoking habits on respiratory symptoms in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the Lung Health Study. Am J Med 1999; 106: 410–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scanlon PD, Connett JE, Waller LA, Altose MD, Bailey WC, Buist AS, et al. Smoking cessation and lung function in mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study. AM J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161: 381–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu X, Weiss ST, Rijcken B, Schouten JP. Smoking, changes in smoking habits, and rate of decline in FEV1: New insight into gender differences. Eur Respir J 1994; 7: 1056–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook DG, Shaper AG, Pocock SJ, Kussick SJ. Giving up smoking and the risk of heart attacks. A report from The British Regional Heart Study. Lancet 1986; 2: 1376–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood DA, Kinmonth AL, Davies GA, Yarwood J, Thompson S, Pyke SDM, et al. Randomised controlled trial evaluating cardiovascular screening and intervention in general practice: Principal results of British family heart study. For the Family Heart Study Group. BMJ 1994; 308: 313–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Department of Health and Human Services. The health benefits of smoking cessation: A report of the Surgeon General, 1990. DHHS Publication No (CDC) 90–8416. RockvilleMD: Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, Office on Smoking and Health; 1990.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor DH, Jr, Hasselblad V, Henley SJ, Thun MJ, Sloan FA. Benefits of smoking cessation for longevity. Am J Public Health 2002; 92: 990–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stratelis G, Jakobsson P, Molstad S, Zetterstrom O. Early detection of COPD in primary care: screening by invitation of smokers aged 40 to 55 years. Br J Gen Pract 2004; 54: 201–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Thoracic Society. Standardization of spirometry: 1994 update. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995;152:1107–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes JR, Keely JP, Niaura RS, Ossip-Klein DJ, Richmond RL, Swan GE. Measures of abstinence in clinical trials: Issues and recommendations. Nicotine & Tobacco Res 2003; 5: 13–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humerfelt S, Eide GE, Kvale G, Aaro LE, Gulsvik A. Effectiveness of postal smoking cessation advice: A randomized controlled trial in young men with reduced FEV1 and asbestos exposure. Eur Respir J 1998; 11: 284–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters N, Coleman T. Comparison of the smoking behaviour and attitudes of smokers who attribute respiratory symptoms to smoking with those who do not. Br J Gen Pract 2002; 52: 132–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman T, Barrett S, Wynn A, Wilson A. Comparison of the smoking behaviour and attitudes of smokers who believe they have smoking-related problems with those do not. Fam Pract 2003; 20: 520–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petty TL, Pierson DJ, Dick NP, Hudson LD, Walker SH. Follow-up evaluation of a prevalence study for chronic bronchitis and chronic airway obstruction. Am Rev Respir Dis 1976; 114: 881–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hepper NG, Drage CW, Davies SF, Rupp WM, LaMothe J, Schoenfelder PG, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A community-oriented program including professional education and screening by a voluntary health agency. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980; 121: 97–104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson JE, Jorenby DE, Scott WJ, Fiore MC. Treating tobacco use and dependence: An evidence-based clinical practice guideline for tobacco cessation. Chest 2002; 121: 932–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC, Norcross JC. In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors. American Psychologist 1992; 47: 1102–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreuter MW, Chheda SG, Bull FC. How does physician advice influence patient behavior? Evidence for a priming effect. Arch of Fam Med 2000; 9: 426–33
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jimenez-Ruiz CA, Masa F, Miravitlles M, Gabriel R, Viejo JL, Villasante C, et al. Smoking characteristics: Differences in attitudes and dependence between healthy smokers and smokers with COPD. Chest 2001; 119: 1365–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes JR. Motivating and helping smokers to stop smoking. J Gen Intern Med 2003; 18: 1053–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan MD, Britton JR. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 8: Non-pharmacological management of COPD. Thorax 2003; 58: 453–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kottke TE, Battista RN, DeFriese GH, Brekke ML. Attributes of successful smoking cessation interventions in medical practice: A meta-analysis of 39 controlled trials. JAMA 1988; 259: 2883–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundback B, Lindberg A, Lindstrom M, Ronmark E, Jonsson AC, Jonsson E, et al. Not 15, but 50% of smokers develop COPD? – Report from the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Studies. Respir Med 2003; 97: 115–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith-Sivertsen T, Rortveit G. Should general practitioners screen smokers for COPD?. Scand J Prim Health Care 2004; 22: 196–201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar