The dilemma of repeat weak opioid prescriptions – experiences from swedish GPs

References

• Socialstyrelsen. Narkotikarelaterade dödsfall [Drug related deaths]. 2016. Available from: http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/Lists/Artikelkatalog/Attachments/20091/2016-2-32.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Benyamin R, Trescot AM, Datta S, et al. Opioid complications and side effects. Pain Physician. 2008;11:S105–S120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Söderberg KC, Laflamme L, Möller J. Newly initiated opioid treatment and the risk of fall-related injuries. A nationwide, register-based, case-crossover study in Sweden. CNS Drugs. 2013; 27:155–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fields HL. The doctor's dilemma: opiate analgesics and chronic pain. Neuron. 2011; 69:591–594.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Läkemedelsverket. Användning av opioider vid långvarig icke-cancerrelaterad smärta – Rekommendationer [Use of opioid therapy in long-term non-cancer pain - recommendations]. 2002. Available from: https://lakemedelsverket.se/upload/halso-och-sjukvard/behandlingsrekommendationer/opioider_rek_bokm.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Statens beredning för medicinsk utvärdering. Metoder för behandling av långvarig smärta [Methods for treatment of long-term pain]. 2006. Available from: http://www.sbu.se/contentassets/81ea041f1bc2441aa09868a4f29d3f1a/smarta_fulltext.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Läkemedelsverket. Läkemedelsbehandling av långvarig smärta hos barn och vuxna - behandlingsrekommendationer [Pharmaceutical treatment of long-term pain in children and adults - treatment recommendations]. 2017. Available from: https://lakemedelsverket.se/upload/halso-och-sjukvard/behandlingsrekommendationer/Information_fran_lakemedelsverket_nr_3_2017_behandlingsrekommendation.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Turk DC, Wilson HD, Cahana A. Treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Lancet. 2011; 377:2226–2235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noble M, Treadwell JR, Tregear SJ, et al. Long-term opioid management for chronic noncancer pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; CD006605. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006605.pub2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan MD, Howe CQ. Opioid therapy for chronic pain in the United States: promises and perils. Pain. 2013;154:S94–S100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lidbeck J. Central sensitisering bakom svårbehandlad specifik smärta [Central sensitization behind specific pain difficult to treat]. Lakartidningen. 2016; 113:1866–1870.
   Google Scholar
• Lundgren C. FAS UT 3: Att utva¨rdera, ifrågasa¨tta och skonsamt avsluta la¨kemedelsbehandling [PHASE OUT 3: To evaluate, question, and discontinue drug treatment]. Umeå: Läkemedelskommitén i Västerbotten, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Landstinget i Värmland. Rekommenderade läkemedel 2017 [Recommended drugs 2017]. Karlstad. 2016. Available from: http://www.liv.se/Global/För vårdgivare och samarbeten/Läkemedel/Förskrivning/Rekommenderade läkemedel/rekommenderade lakemedel webben.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Turk DC, Okifuji A. What factors affect physicians’ decisions to prescribe opioids for chronic noncancer pain patients? Clin J Pain. 1997; 13:330–336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchinson K, Moreland AME, de C Williams AC, et al. Exploring beliefs and practice of opioid prescribing for persistent non-cancer pain by general practitioners. Eur J Pain. 2007; 11:93–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harle CA, Bauer SE, Hoang HQ, et al. Decision support for chronic pain care: how do primary care physicians decide when to prescribe opioids? a qualitative study. BMC Fam Pract. 2015; 16:48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendtsen P, Hensing G, Ebeling C, et al. What are the qualities of dilemmas experienced when prescribing opioids in general practice? Pain. 1999; 82:89–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen MB, Nørøxe KB, Moth G, et al. Drug prescriptions in Danish out-of-hours primary care: a 1-year population-based study. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2016; 34:453–458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan DL. Focus groups as qualitative research: planning and research design for focus groups. In: Focus groups as qualitative research. London: SAGE Research Methods; 2013. p. 32–46.
   Google Scholar
• Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Heal Care. 2007; 19:349–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malterud K. Systematic text condensation: a strategy for qualitative analysis. Scand J Public Health. 2012; 40:795–805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malterud K. Shared understanding of the qualitative research process. Guidelines for the medical researcher. Fam Pract. 1993; 10:201–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coar L, Sim J. Interviewing one’s peers: methodological issues in a study of health professionals. Scand J Prim Heal Care. 2006; 24:251–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverman D. A very short, fairly interesting and reasonably cheap book about qualitative research. 2nd ed. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsen S, Malterud K. What happens when the doctor denies a patient’s request? A qualitative interview study among general practitioners in Norway. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2017; 35:201–207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley CP. Factors which influence the decision whether or not to prescribe: the dilemma facing general practitioners. Br J Gen Pract. 1992; 42:454–458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toye F, Seers K, Tierney S, et al. A qualitative evidence synthesis to explore healthcare professionals’ experience of prescribing opioids to adults with chronic non-malignant pain. BMC Fam Pract. 2017;18:94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of biomedical ethics. 7th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• McCrorie C, Closs SJ, House A, et al. Understanding long-term opioid prescribing for non-cancer pain in primary care: a qualitative study. BMC Fam Pract. 2015; 16:121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Festinger L. A theory of cognitive dissonance. Stanford: Stanford University Press; 1957.
   Google Scholar
• Tell D, Engström S, Mölstad S. Adherence to guidelines on antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infections in various categories of physicians: a retrospective cross-sectional study of data from electronic patient records. BMJ Open. 2015;5:e008096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kothari A, Rudman D, Dobbins M, et al. The use of tacit and explicit knowledge in public health: a qualitative study. Implement Sci. 2012; 7:20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milos V, Westerlund T, Midlöv P, et al. Swedish general practitioners’ attitudes towards treatment guidelines - a qualitative study. BMC Fam Pract. 2014; 15:199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cantillon P, Jones R. Does continuing medical education in general practice make a difference?. Br Med J.1999; 318:1276–1279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liebschutz JM, Xuan Z, Shanahan CW, et al. Improving Adherence to long-term opioid therapy guidelines to reduce opioid misuse in primary care - a cluster-randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2017; 177:1265–1272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar