Smart use of small-diameter hardwood – A forestry-wood chain sustainability impact assessment in Austria

References

• Berg , S. 2011 . Manual for data collection for regional and European cases . EFI Technical Report No. 36 . Joensuu , , Finland : European Forest Institute .
   Google Scholar
• BFW . 2003 . Die Österreichische Waldinventur 2000–2002 [Austrian Forest Inventory 2000-2002] . Bundesforschungs- und Ausbildungszentrum für Wald, Naturgefahren und Landschaft, Wien. (In German)
   Google Scholar
• Buongiorno , J. , Raunikar , R. and Zhu , S. 2011 . Consequences of increasing bioenergy demand on wood and forests: An application of the Global Forest Products Model . Journal of Forest Economics , 17 ( 2 ) : 214 – 229 . doi: 10.1016/j.jfe.2011.02.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carus , M. , Raschka , A. and Piotrowski , S. 2010 . The development of instruments to support the material use of renewable raw materials in Germany , Hürth : nova-Institut für politische und ökologische Innovation GmbH .
   Google Scholar
• CEPF . 2009 . Wood availability action plan. Mobilisation of forest owners’ income in a sustainable manner . CEPF Cooperative Working Group. Belgium: CEPF Liaison Office Brussels .
   Google Scholar
• Eriksson , L. O. , Gustavsson , L. , Hänninen , R. , Kallio , M. , Lyhykäinen , H. Pingoud , K. 2012 . Climate change mitigation through increased wood use in the European construction sector-towards an integrated modelling framework . European Journal of Forest Research , 131 : 131 – 144 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-010-0463-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forest Europe . 2011 . State of Europe's Forests 2011. Status & trends in sustainable forest management in Europe. Ministerial conference on the protection of forests in Europe, forest Europe . Oslo : Liaison Unit .
   Google Scholar
• Hamner , P. , White , M. and Araman , P. 2006 . The effect of curve sawing two-sided cants from small-diameter hardwood sawlogs on lumber and pallet part yields . Forest Products Journal , 56 : 80 – 85 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansmann , C. 2011 . Neue Nutzungspotenziale von Laubschwachholz in der Forst- und Holzwirtschaft [New potentials using hardwood with small diameters in forestry and timber industry] . Berichte aus Energie- und Umweltforschung 48/2011 . Wien , , Österreich : Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie . (In German with English abstract) .
   Google Scholar
• Hasch , J. 2002 . Ökologische Betrachtungen von Holzspan- und Holzfaserplatten [Ecological considerations of wood particle- and fiber-boards] . Dissertation . Hamburg , , Deutschland : Universität Hamburg . (In German)
   Google Scholar
• Huber , H. , Pleschberger , H. , Wolfslehner , B. , Teischinger , A. & Hansmann , C. 2010 . Superior processing of small diameter hardwood . In : A. Teischinger et al. . Processing technologies for the forest and biobased products industries. Salzburg/Kuchl, Austria: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on processing technologies for the forest and bio-based products industries .
   Google Scholar
• Höbarth , M. 2006 . Österreichisches Forstjahrbuch 2007 [Austrian Forest Almanac 2007] . Wien , , Österreich : Österreichischer Agrarverlag . (In German) .
   Google Scholar
• IPCC . 2006 . Guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories . Hayama : Institute for Global Environmental Strategies .
   Google Scholar
• Jirikowsky , W. & Nemesthoty , N. 2007 . Harvester in der Durchforstung – Ökologisch und ökonomisch betrachtet [Harvester use for thinning – ecological and economic considerations] . Wien , , Österreich : Bundesforschungs- und Ausbildungszentrum für Wald, Naturgefahren und Landschaft . (In German) .
   Google Scholar
• Kanzian , C. , Holzleitner , F. , Kindermann , G. & Stampfer , K. 2008 . Regionale Energieholzlogistik Mittelkärnten [Regional energy-wood logistics in Central Carinthia] . Wien , , Österreich : Universität für Bodenkultur, Institut für Forsttechnik . (In German) .
   Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick , C. and George , C. 2006 . Methodological issues in the impact assessment of trade policy: Experience from the European Commission's Sustainability Impact Assessment (SIA) programme . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 24 ( 4 ) : 325 – 334 . doi: 10.3152/147154606781765110
   Google Scholar
• Knoke , T. , Stang , S. , Remler , N. and Seifert , T. 2006 . Ranking the importance of quality variables for the price of high quality beech timber (Fagussylvatica L.) . Annals of Forest Science , 63 : 399 – 413 . doi: 10.1051/forest:2006020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohlmaier , G. , Kohlmaier , L. , Fries , E. and Jaeschke , W. 2008 . Carbon stocks and greenhouse gas balance of harvested wood products: Focus on the Asia-Pacific Partnership countries vis-a-vis the European Union . European Journal of Forest Research , 127 : 133 – 147 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-007-0190-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretzer , J. 2009 . Supply Chain Forst-Logistik-Säge – Erstanwendungsplattform von IT/Telematikkonzepten zur ressourceneffizienten Holznutzung im Gebirgswald [Supply Chain Forest-Logistics_Sawmill] . Berichte aus Energie- und Umweltforschung 11/2009 , Wien , , Österreich : Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie . (In German with English abstract) .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , N. 2006 . Bridging the gap between theory and practice in integrated assessment . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 26 : 57 – 78 . doi: 10.1016/j.eiar.2005.01.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin , W. , Wang , J. , Wu , J. and DeVallance , D. 2011 . Log sawing practices and lumber recovery of small hardwood sawmills in West Virginia . Forest Products Journal , 61 ( 3 ) : 216 – 224 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindner , M. , Suominen , T. , Palosuo , T. , Garcia-Gonzalo , J. , Verweij , P. Zudin , S. 2010 . ToSIA – A tool for sustainability impact assessment of forest-wood-chains . Ecological Modelling , 221 : 2197 – 2205 . doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindner , M. , Werhahn-Mees , W. , Suominen , T. , Vötter , D. , Zudin , S. Pekkanen , M. 2012 . Conducting sustainability impact assessments of forestry-wood chains: Examples of ToSIA applications . European Journal of Forest Research , 131 : 21 – 34 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-011-0483-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lippke , B. , Oneil , E. , Harrison , R. , Skog , K. , Gustavsson , L. and Sathre , R. 2011 . Life cycle impacts of forest management and wood utilization on carbon mitigation: Knowns and unknowns . Carbon Management , 2 ( 3 ) : 303 – 333 . doi: 10.4155/cmt.11.24
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKechnie , J. , Colombo , S. , Chen , J. , Mabee , W. and MacLean , H. L. 2011 . Forest bioenergy or forest carbon? Assessing trade-offs in greenhouse gas mitigation with wood-based fuels . Environmental Science and Technology , 45 ( 2 ) : 789 – 795 . doi: 10.1021/es1024004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ÖHHU . 2006 . Österreichische Holzhandelsusancen 2006 [Austrian Timber Trade Usances 2006] . Wien , , Österreich : Kooperationsplattform Forst – Holz – Papier (FHP) . (In German) .
   Google Scholar
• Päivinen , R. , Lindner , M. , Rosén , K. and Lexer , M. J. 2012 . A concept for assessing sustainability impacts of forestry-wood chains . European Journal of Forest Research , 131 : 7 – 19 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-010-0446-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perkins , B. , Smith , R. and Bond , B. 2008 . Case study of the economic feasibility of a red oak small-diameter timber sawmill and pallet-part mill . Wood and Fiber Science , 40 ( 2 ) : 258 – 270 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Profft , I. , Mund , M. , Weber , G.-E. , Weller , E. and Schulze , E.-D. 2009 . Forest management and carbon sequestration in wood products . European Journal of Forest Research , 128 ( 4 ) : 399 – 413 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-009-0283-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pülzl , H. , Prokofieva , I. , Berg , S. , Rametsteiner , E. , Aggestam , F. and Wolfslehner , B. 2012 . Indicator development in sustainability impact assessment: Balancing theory and practice . European Journal of Forest Research , 131 : 35 – 46 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-011-0547-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauch , P. 2010 . Stochastic simulation of forest fuel sourcing models under risk . Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research , 25 ( 6 ) : 574 – 584 . doi: 10.1080/02827581.2010.512876
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathre , R. and Gustavsson , L. 2006 . Energy and carbon balances of wood cascade chains . Resources, Conservation and Recycling , 47 ( 4 ) : 332 – 355 . doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.12.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathre , R. and Gustavsson , L. 2009 . Process-based analysis of added value in forest product industries . Forest Policy and Economics , 11 : 65 – 75 . doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2008.09.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schieler , K. & Hauk , E. 2001 . Österreichische Waldinventur 2000/2002, Instruktion für die Feldarbeit [Austrian Forest Inventory 2000-2002, Instructions for the field work] Wien , , Österreich : Bundesforschungs- und Ausbildungszentrum für Wald, Naturgefahren und Landschaft . (In German)
   Google Scholar
• Schmithüsen , F. & Hirsch , F. 2010 . Private forest ownership in Europe . Geneva Timber and Forest Study Paper 26 . Geneva : United Nations .
   Google Scholar
• Schmitke , H. & Gautschi , M. 2010 . Entscheidungsgrundlagen zur Förderung von Laubholzverarbeitung und –absatz [Decision-making basis for fostering hardwood processing and marketing] Zürich , , Schweiz : Synthesebericht zur Studie von Silvaconsult AG, ETH Zürich . (In German) .
   Google Scholar
• Schwarzbauer , P. 2010 . Prospects for the market supply of wood and other forest products from areas with fragmented forest-ownership structures . EU Tender, European Commission , 217
   Google Scholar
• Schwarzbauer , P. and Stern , T. 2010 . Energy vs. material: Economic impacts of a “wood-for-energy scenario” on the forest-based sector in Austria – A simulation approach . Forest Policy and Economics , 12 ( 1 ) : 31 – 38 . doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2009.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweinle , J. 2000 . Analyse und Bewertung der forstlichen Produktion als Grundlage für weiterführende forst- und holzwirtschaftliche Produktlinien-Analysen [Analysis and assessment of forest production as a basis for further Life-Cycle-Assessments in the field of forest industry] . Hamburg : Wiedebusch . (In German with English abstract) .
   Google Scholar
• Schweinle , J. , Thoroe , C. & Claesgens , U. M. V. A. 2001 . Vergleichende Ökobilanzierung der Rohholzproduktion in verschiedenen Forstbetrieben [Comparative eco-balancing of wood production in different forest holdings] . Hamburg , , Deutschland : Wiedebusch . (In German) .
   Google Scholar
• Seidl , R. , Rammer , W. and Lexer , M.J. 2011 . Adaptation options to reduce climate change vulnerability of sustainable forest management in the Austrian Alps . Canadian Journal of Forest Research , 41 ( 4 ) : 694 – 706 . doi: 10.1139/x10-235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seifert , T. , Nickel , M. and Pretzsch , H. 2010 . Analysing the long-term effects of artificial pruning of wild cherry by computer tomography . Trees – Structure and Function , 24 ( 5 ) : 797 – 808 . doi: 10.1007/s00468-010-0450-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SFC . 2008 . Mobilisation and efficient use of wood and wood residues for energy generation . Report to the Standing Forestry Committee by the Standing Forestry Committee ad hoc Working Group II on mobilisation and efficient use of wood and wood residues for energy generation .
   Google Scholar
• Tykkä , S. , McCluskey , D. , Nord , T. , Ollonqvist , P. , Hugosson , M. Roos , A. 2010 . Development of timber framed firms in the construction sector: Is EU policy one source of their innovation? . Forest Policy and Economics , 12 ( 3 ) : 199 – 206 . doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2009.10.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNECE . 2011 . The European forest sector outlook study II. 2010–2030 . Geneva : United Nations .
   Google Scholar
• Verkerk , P. J. , Anttila , P. , Eggers , J. , Lindner , M. and Asikainen , A. 2011 . The realisable potential supply of woody biomass from forests in the European Union . Forest Ecology and Management , 261 ( 11 ) : 2007 – 2015 . doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.02.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vötter , D. 2009 . Sustainability impact assessment of the forest-wood-supply-chain based on a process modelling approach – Comparison of Northern and Central Europe as an example . Doctoral dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 2009 .
   Google Scholar
• Werhahn-Mees , W. , Garcia-Gonzalo , J. , Palosuo , T. , Röser , D. and Lindner , M. 2010 . Sustainability impact assessment of increasing resource use intensity in forest bioenergy production chains . GCB Bioenergy , 3 ( 2 ) : 91 – 106 . doi: 10.1111/j.1757-1707.2010.01068.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werner , F. , Taverna , R. , Hofer , P. , Thürig , E. and Kaufmann , E. 2010 . National and global greenhouse gas dynamics of different forest management and wood use scenarios: A model-based assessment . Environmental Science and Policy , 13 ( 1 ) : 72 – 85 . doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2009.10.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfslehner , B. , Brüchert , F. , Fischbach , J. , Rammer , W. , Becker , G. Lindner , M. 2012 . Exploratory multi-criteria analysis in sustainability impact assessment of forest-wood chains – the example of a regional case study in Baden-Württemberg . European Journal of Forest Research , 131 : 47 – 56 . doi: 10.1007/s10342-011-0499-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar