8,698
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
METHODOLOGICAL NOTE

Bias in Observational Studies

Pages 644-645 | Published online: 04 Aug 2009

References

  • Kleinbaum L, Kupper L, Morgenstern H. Epidemiologic research: principles and quantitative methods. Wiley, New York 1982
  • Jurek M, Greenland S, Maldonado G, Church T. Proper interpretation of non-differential misclassification effects: expectations vs observations. Int J Epidemiol 2005; 34: 680–7
  • Grobbe DE, Hoes AW. Confounding and indication for treatment in evaluation of drug treatment for hypertension. BMJ 1997; 315: 1151–4

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.