159
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Efferent Vascular Invasion in the Axillary Nodes in Breast Carcinoma: A Potent Prognostic Factor

Pages 309-312 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Truscott B McN. Carcinoma of the breast. Br J Cancer 1947; 1: 129–32.
  • Fisher B, Bauer M, Wickenham L, Redmond CK, Fisher ER. Relation of number of positive axillary nodes to the prognosis of patients with primary breast cancer. Cancer 1983; 52: 1551–7.
  • Miller WR, Ellis JO, Sainsbury JRC, Dixon JM. ABC of breast disease. Prognostic factors. Br Med J 1994; 309: 1573–6.
  • Hartveit F. Paranodal vascular spread in breast cancer with axillary node involvement. J Pathol 1979; 127: 111–4.
  • Mwhle BO, Skjwrven R. Prediction of prognosis in axillary lymph node positive breast cancer patients: a statistical study. Br J Surg 1984; 71: 459–62.
  • Hartveit F, Lilleng PK. Breast cancer: two micrometastatic variants in the axilla that differ in prognosis. Histopathol 1996; 28: 241–6.
  • Hartveit F. The routine histological investigation of axillary lymph nodes for metastatic breast cancer. J Pathol 1984; 143: 187–91.
  • Lilleng PK, Hartveit F. Staging nodal growth in breast cancer on a histological basis. Eur J Gynaec Oncol 1997; 19: 249–52.
  • SYSTAT for Windows, Version 9.0. Copyright C 1999 by SPSS.
  • Bundred NJ, Morgan DAL, Dixon JM. Management of regional nodes in breast cancer. Br Med J 1994; 309: 1222–3.
  • Goldstein NS, Mani A, Vicini F, Ingold J. Prognostic features in patients with stage Ti breast carcinoma and a 0.5-cm or less lymph node metastasis. Significance of lymph node hilar tissue invasion. Am J Clin Pathol 1999; 1 1 1: 21–8.
  • Fentiman IS, Mansel RE. The axilla: not a no go zone. Lancet 1991; 337: 221–3.
  • Giuliano AE, Dale PS, Turner RR, Morton DL, Evans SW, Krasne DL. Improved axillary staging of breast cancer with sentinel lymphadenectomy. Ann Surg 1995; 3: 394–401.
  • Albertini JJ, Lyman GH, Cox C, et al. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in the patient with breast cancer. JAMA 1996; 276: 1818–22.
  • Rodenhuis S, Richel DJ, Van de Wall E, et al. Randomised trial of high-dose chemotherapy and haemopoietic progeni-tor-cell support in operable breast cancer with extensive axil-lary lymph-node involvement. Lancet 1998; 352: 515–21.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.