Nordic biological specimen banks as basis for studies of cancer causes and control – more than 2 million sample donors, 25 million person years and 100 000 prospective cancers

References

• Doll R, Peto R. The causes of cancer: Quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. J Natl Cancer Inst 1981; 66: 1191–308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillner J, Knekt P, Schiller JT, Hakulinen T. Prospective seroepidemiological evidence that Human Papillomavirus type 16 infection is a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Br Med J 1995; 311: 1346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Dillner J, Knekt P, Luostarinen T, Aromaa A, Kirnbauer R, et al. Serologically diagnosed infection with human papillomavirus type 16 and risk for subsequent development of cervical carcinoma: Nested case-control study. Br Med J 1996; 312: 537–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen T, Luostarinen T, Dillner J, Aromaa A, Hakama M, Hakulinen T, et al. Serum p53 accumulation and altered antibody responses to Epstein-Barr virus proteins precede diagnosis of haemopoietic malignancies of lymphoid origin. Br J Haematol 1996; 93: 104–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillner J, Kallings I, Brihmer C, Sikstrom B, Koskela P, Lehtinen M, et al. Seropositivities to human papillomavirus types 16, 18, or 33 capsids and to Chlamydia trachomatis are markers of sexual behavior. J Infect Dis 1996; 173: 1394–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björge T, Dillner J, Anttila T, Abeler V, Engeland A, Hakulinen T, et al. Prospective seroepidemiological study of the role of human papillomavirus in non-cervical anogenital cancers. Br Med J 1997; 315: 646–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillner J, Lehtinen M, Björge T, Luostarinen T, Youngman L, Jellum E, et al. Prospective seroepidemiologic study of human papillomavirus infection as a risk factor for invasive cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89: 1293–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Björge T, Hakulinen T, Engeland A, Jellum E, Koskela P, Lehtinen M, et al. A prospective, seroepidemiological study of the role of Human Papillomavirus in esophageal cancer in Norway. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 3989–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillner J, Knekt P, Boman J, Lehtinen M, af Geijersstam V, Sapp M, et al. Seroepidemiological association between Human Papillomavirus infection and risk of prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 1998; 75: 564–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• af Geijersstam V, Kibur M, Wang Z, Koskela P, Pukkala E, Schiller J, et al. Stability over time of serum antibody levels to Human Papillomavirus type 16. J Infect Dis 1998; 177: 1710–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luostarinen T, af Geijersstam V, Bjorge T, Eklund C, Hakama M, Hakulinen T, et al. No excess risk of cervical carcinoma among women seropositive for both HPV16 and HPV6/11. Int J Cancer 1999; 80: 818–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Luostarinen T, Youngman LD, Anttila T, Dillner J, Hakulinen T, et al. Low levels of serum vitamins A and E in blood and subsequent risk for cervical cancer: interaction with HPV seropositivity. Nutr Cancer 1999; 34: 229–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kibur M, af Geijerstam V, Pukkala E, Koskela P, Luostarinen T, Paavonen J, et al. Attack rates of Human Papillomavirus type 16 and cervical neoplasia in primiparous women and field trial designs for HPV16 vaccination. Sex Trans Infect 2000; 76: 13–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koskela P, Anttila T, Bjorge T, Brunsvig A, Dillner J, Hakama M, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis infection as a risk factor for invasive cervical cancer. Int J Cancer 2000; 85: 35–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigstad E, Lie AK, Luostarinen T, Dillner J, Jellum E, Lehtinen M, et al. A prospective study of the relationship between prediagnostic Human Papillomavirus seropositivity and HPV DNA in subsequent cervical carcinomas. Br J Cancer 2002; 87: 175–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mork J, Lie AK, Glattre E, Hallmans G, Jellum E, Koskela P, et al. Human Papillomavirus infection as a risk factor for squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. New Eng J Med 2001; 344: 1125–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anttila T, Saikku P, Koskela P, Bloigu A, Dillner J, Ikaheimo I, et al. Serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis and risk for development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. JAMA 2001; 285: 47–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stattin P, Adlercreutz H, Tenkanen L, Jellum E, Lumme S, Hallmans G, et al. Circulating enterolactone and prostate cancer risk: A Nordic nested case-control study. Int J Cancer 2002; 99: 124–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björge T, Engeland A, Luostarinen T, Mork J, Gislefoss RE, Jellum E, et al. Human Papillomavirus infection as a risk factor for anal and perianal skin cancer in a prospective study. Br J Cancer 2002; 87: 61–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stattin P, Lumme S, Tenkanen L, Alfthan H, Jellum E, Hallmans G, et al. High levels of circulating testosterone are not associated with increased prostate cancer risk: A pooled prospective study. Int J Cancer 2004; 108: 418–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Koskela P, Jellum E, Bloigu A, Anttila T, Hallmans G, et al. Herpes simplex virus and risk of cervical cancer: A longitudinal nested case-control study in the Nordic countries. Am J Epidemiol 2002; 156: 687–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Pawlita M, Zumbach K, Lie K, Hakama M, Jellum E, et al. Evaluation of antibody response to Human Papillomavirus early proteins in women whom cervical cancer developed 1 to 20 years later. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 188: 49–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youngman, LD, Jellum, E, Lehtinen, M, Dillner, J, Björge, T, Luostarinen, T, et al. A prospective seroepidemiological study of smoking as a risk factor for invasive cervical cancer. Manuscript.
   Google Scholar
• Paavonen J, Karunakaran KP, Noguchi Y, Anttila T, Bloigu A, Dillner J, et al. Serum antibody response to the heat shock protein 60 of Chlamydia trachomatis in women with developing cervical cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189: 1287–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Koskela P, Ögmundsdottir H, Bloigu A, Dillner J, Gudnadottir M, et al. Maternal herpesvirus infections and risk of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the offspring. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 158: 207–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuohimaa P, Tenkanen L, Ahonen M, Lumme S, Jellum E, Hallmans G, et al. Both high and low levels of blood vitamin D are associated with a higher prostate cancer risk: a longitudinal, nested case-control study in the Nordic countries. Int J Cancer 2004; 108: 104–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luostarinen T, Lehtinen M, Björge T, Abeler V, Hakama M, Hallmans G, et al. Joint effects of different human papillomaviruses and Chlamydia trachomatis infections on risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Eur J Cancer 2004; 40: 1058–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Ögmundsdottir HM, Bloigu A, Hakulinen T, Hemminki E, Gudnadottir M, et al. Associations between three types of maternal bacterial infection and risk of leukemia in the offspring. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162: 662–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anttila T, Tenkanen L, Lumme S, Leinonen M, Gislefoss R, Hallmans G, et al. Chlamydial antibodies and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14: 385–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stolt A, Kjellin M, Sasnauskas K, Luostarinen T, Koskela P, Lehtinen M, et al. Maternal Human Polyomavirus infection and risk of neuroblastoma in the child. Int J Cancer 2005; 113: 393–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakama M, Luostarinen T, Hallmans G, Jellum E, Koskela P, Lehtinen M, et al. Joint effect on HPV16 with Chlamydia trachomatis and smoking on risk of cervical cancer: antagonism or misclassification (Nordic countries). Cancer Causes Control 2000; 11: 783–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedeschi, R, Bidoli, E, Ågren, Å, Wadell, G, Paoli, PD, Dillner, J. Epidemiology of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV8) in Västerbotten country, Sweden. In press.
   Google Scholar
• Tedeschi R, Luostarinen T, Paoli PD, Gislefoss RE, Tenkanen L, Virtamo J, et al. Joint Nordic prospective study on Human Herpesvirus 8 and multiple myeloma risk. Br J Cancer 2005; 93: 834–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frick MH, Elo O, Haapa K, Heinonen OP, Heinsalmi P, Helo P, et al. Helsinki Heart Study: Primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia. Safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease. New Eng J Med 1987; 317: 1237–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ATBC The Alpha-Tocopherol B-CCPSG. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. New Eng J Med 1994;330:1029–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pukkala E. Use of record linkage in small-area studies. Geographical and environmental epidemiology, P Elliot, J Guzick, D English, R Stern. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1992; 125–31
   Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Leminen A, Kuoppala T, Tiikkainen M, Lehtinen T, Lehtovirta P, et al. Pre- and post-treatment serum antibody responses to HPV16 E2 and HSV-2 ICP8 proteins in women with cervical carcinoma. J Med Virol 1992; 37: 180–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen M, Hakama M, Knekt P, Heinonen PK, Lehtinen T, Paavonen J, et al. Serum antibodies to the HSV-2 specified major DNA-binding protein are elevated before the diagnosis of cervical cancer. J Med Virol 1989; 27: 131–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallin KL, Wiklund F, Luostarinen T, Hallmans G, Anttila T, Koskela P, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis infection: A risk factor in cervical cancer development-a population based prospective study. Int J Cancer 2002; 101: 371–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parish S, Collins R, Peto R, Youngman L, Barton J, Jayne K, et al. Cigarette smoking, tar yields, and non-fatal myocardial infarction: 14(000 cases and 32(000 controls in the United Kingdom. International Studies of Infarct Survival (ISIS) Collaborators. Br Med J 1995; 311: 471–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarce R, Shipley M, Lewington S, Youngman L, Collins R, Marmot M, et al. Underestimation of risk associations due to regressions dilution in long-term follow-up of prospective studies. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 341–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jellum E, Andersen A, Lund-Larsen P, Theodorsen L, Orjasaeter H. Experiences of the Janus Serum Bank in Norway. Environ Health Perspect 1995; 103(Suppl 3)85–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjöholm M, Hoffmann G, Lindgren S, Dillner J, Carlson J. Comparison of archival plasma and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue for genotyping in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14: 393–6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teppo L, Pukkala E, Lehtonen M. Data quality and quality control of a population-based cancer registry. Acta Oncol 1994; 33: 365–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen A, Barlow L, Engeland A, Kjaerheim K, Lynge E, Pukkala E. Work-related cancer in the Nordic countries. Scand J Work Environ Health ;(Suppl 1999; 25: 2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pukkala E. Cancer risk by social class and occupation. A survey of 109 000 cancer cases among Finns of working age. Contributions to Epidemiology and Biostatistics. Karger, Basel 1995; 7
   Google Scholar
• Langholz, B. Entries: Case-Cohort Study and Case-Control Sudy, Nested. In:. P Armitage, Colton, T, editors. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 1999. p 497–503 & 514–9
   Google Scholar
• Greenland R, Thomas DC. On the need for the rare disease assumption in case-control studies. Am J Epidemiol 1982; 116: 547–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Modern Epidemiology2nd edn. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia 1998; 95–6
   Google Scholar
• Rundle AG, Vineis P, Ahsan H. Design options for molecular epidemiology research within cohort studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14: 1899–907
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riboli E, Hunt KJ, Slimani N, Ferrari P, Norat T, Fahey M, et al. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): Study populations and data collection. Public Health Nutr 2002; 5: 1113–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wacholder S, Silverman DT, McLaughlin JK, Mandel JS. Selection of controls in case-control studies. III. Design options. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 135: 1042–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar