Irinotecan and temozolomide in recurrent Ewing sarcoma: an analysis in 51 adult and pediatric patients

References

• Fletcher CDM. WHO classification of tumours of soft tissue and bone, IARC WHO classification of tumours series. Lyon: IARC Press; 2013, p. 306–309.
   Google Scholar
• Ladenstein R, Pötschger U, Le Deley MC, et al. Primary disseminated multifocal Ewing sarcoma: results of the Euro-EWING 99 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:3284–3291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grier HE, Krailo MD, Tarbell NJ, et al. Addition of ifosfamide and etoposide to standard chemotherapy for Ewing's sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor of bone. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:694–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paulussen M, Craft AW, Lewis I, European Intergroup Cooperative Ewing's Sarcoma Study-92, et al. Results of the EICESS-92 Study: two randomized trials of Ewing’s sarcoma treatment – cyclophosphamide compared with ifosfamide in standard-risk patients and assessment of benefit of etoposide added to standard treatment in high-risk patients. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:4385–4393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacci G, Ferrari S, Longhi A, et al. Therapy and survival after recurrence of Ewing's tumors: the Rizzoli experience in 195 patients treated with adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 1979 to 1997. Ann Oncol. 2003;14:1654–1659.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacci G, Longhi A, Ferrari S, et al. Pattern of relapse in 290 patients with nonmetastatic Ewing's sarcoma family tumors treated at a single institution with adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 1972 and 1999. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2006;32:974–979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leavey PJ, Mascarenhas L, Marina N, et al. Prognostic factors for patients with Ewing sarcoma (EWS) at first recurrence following multi-modality therapy: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2008;51:334–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McTiernan AM, Cassoni AM, Driver D, et al. Improving outcomes after relapse in Ewing's Sarcoma: analysis of 114 patients from a single institution. Sarcoma. 2006;2006:83548.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barker LM, Pendergrass TW, Sanders JE, et al. Survival after recurrence of Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23:4354–4362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McTiernan A, Driver D, Michelagnoli MP, et al. High dose chemotherapy with bone marrow or peripheral stem cell rescue is an effective treatment option for patients with relapsed or progressive Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours. Ann Oncol. 2006;17:1301–1305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Sio L, Milano GM, Castellano A, et al. Temozolomide in resistant or relapsed pediatric solid tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006;47:30–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saylors RL 3rd, Stine KC, Sullivan J, et al. Cyclophosphamide plus topotecan in children with recurrent or refractory solid tumors: a Pediatric Oncology Group phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:3463–3469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner LM, McAllister N, Goldsby RE, et al. Temozolomide and intravenous irinotecan for treatment of advanced Ewing sarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2007;48:132–139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cosetti M, Wexler LH, Calleja E, et al. Irinotecan for pediatric solid tumors: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2002;24:101–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Winkle P, Angiolillo A, Krailo M, et al. Ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) reinduction chemotherapy in a large cohort of children and adolescents with recurrent/refractory sarcoma: the Children's Cancer Group (CCG) experience. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2005;44:338–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farhat R, Raad R, Khoury NJ, et al. Cyclophosphamide and topotecan as first-line salvage therapy in patients with relapsed ewing sarcoma at a single institution. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2013;35:356–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunold A, Weddeling N, Paulussen M, et al. Topotecan and cyclophosphamide in patients with refractory or relapsed Ewing tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006;47:795–800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navid F, Willert JR, McCarville MB, et al. Combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel in the treatment of children and young adults with refractory bone sarcoma. Cancer. 2008;113:419–425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox E, Patel S, Wathen JK, et al. Phase II study of sequential gemcitabine followed by docetaxel for recurrent Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, or unresectable or locally recurrent chondrosarcoma: results of Sarcoma Alliance for Research Through Collaboration Study 003. Oncologist. 2012;17:321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrari S, del Prever AB, Palmerini E, et al. Response to high-dose ifosfamide in patients with advanced/recurrent Ewing sarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009; 52:581–584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meazza C, Casanova M, Luksch R, et al. Prolonged 14-day continuous infusion of high-dose ifosfamide with an external portable pump: feasibility and efficacy in refractory pediatric sarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:617–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casey DA, Wexler LH, Merchant MS, et al. Irinotecan and temozolomide for Ewing sarcoma: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering experience. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53:1029–1034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernández-Marqués C, Lassaletta-Atienza A, Ruiz Hernández A, et al. Irinotecan plus temozolomide in refractory or relapsed pediatric solid tumors. An Pediatr. 2013;79:68–74.
   Google Scholar
• Raciborska A, Bilska K, Drabko K, et al. Vincristine, irinotecan, and temozolomide in patients with relapsed and refractory Ewing sarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2013;60:1621–1625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNall-Knapp RY, Williams CN, Reeves EN, et al. Extended phase I evaluation of vincristine, irinotecan, temozolomide, and antibiotic in children with refractory solid tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;54:909–915.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner LM, Perentesis JP, Reid JM, et al. Phase I trial of two schedules of vincristine, oral irinotecan, and temozolomide (VOIT) for children with relapsed or refractory solid tumors: a Children's Oncology Group phase I consortium study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;54:538–545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner L, Turpin B, Nagarajan R, et al. Pilot study of vincristine, oral irinotecan, and temozolomide (VOIT regimen) combined with bevacizumab in pediatric patients with recurrent solid tumors or brain tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2013;60:1447–1451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagatell R, Norris R, Ingle AM, et al. Phase 1 trial of temsirolimus in combination with irinotecan and temozolomide in children, adolescents and young adults with relapsed or refractory solid tumors: a Children's Oncology Group Study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61:833–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurucu N, Sari N, Ilhan IE. Irinotecan and temozolamide treatment for relapsed Ewing sarcoma: a single-center experience and review of the literature. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2015;32:50–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson P, Kopp L, Anderson N, et al. Novel bone cancer drugs: investigational agents and control paradigms for primary bone sarcomas (Ewing’s sarcoma and osteosarcoma). Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2008;17:1703–1715.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45:228–247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furman WL, Stewart CF, Poquette CA, et al. Direct translation of a protracted irinotecan schedule from a xenograft model to a phase I trial in children. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:1815–1824.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blaney S, Berg SL, Pratt C, et al. A phase I study of irinotecan in pediatric patients: a pediatric oncology group study. Clin Cancer Res. 2001;7:32–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houghton PJ, Cheshire PJ, Hallman JD II, et al. Efficacy of topoisomerase I inhibitors, topotecan and irinotecan, administered at low dose levels in protracted schedules to mice bearing xenografts of human tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1995;36:393–403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pourquier P, Waltman JL, Urasaki Y, et al. Topoisomerase I-mediated cytotoxicity of N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine: trapping of topoisomerase I by by the O6-methylguanine. Cancer Res. 2001;61:53–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houghton PJ, Stewart CF, Cheshire PJ, et al. Antitumor activity of temozolomide combined with irinotecan is partly independent of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and mismatch repair phenotypes in xenograft models. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6:4110–4118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGregor LM, Stewart CF, Crews KR, et al. Dose escalation of intravenous irinotecan using oral cefpodoxime: a phase I study in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012;58:372–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morland B, Platt K, Whelan JS. A phase II window study of irinotecan (CPT-11) in high risk ewing sarcoma: a Euro-E.W.I.N.G. study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61:442–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• http://www.euroewing.eu/clinical-trials/reecur/reecur-update
   Google Scholar