It is not just about molecules! Optimal cancer care for the future needs more research on external factors

References

• Nilssen Y, Strand T-E, Fjellbirkeland L, et al. Lung cancer treatment is influenced by income, education, age and place of residence in a country with universal health coverage. Int J Cancer. 2016;138(6):1350–1360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carstam L, Ryden I, Gulati S, et al. Socioeconomic factors affect treatment delivery for patients with low grade glioma: a Swedish population-based study. J Neurooncol. 2019;146(2):329–337.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martins T, Hamilton W, Ukoumunne OC. Ethnic inequalities in time to diagnosis of cancer: a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract. 2013;14:197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjöström O, Silander G, Syk I, et al. Disparities in colorectal cancer between Northern and Southern Sweden – a report from the new RISK North database. Acta Oncol. 2018;57(12):1622–1630.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergqvist J, Iderberg H, Mesterton J, et al. The effects of clinical and sociodemographic factors on survival, resource use and lead times in patients with high-grade gliomas: a population-based register study. J Neurooncol. 2018;139(3):599–608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton SO, Olsen MH, Johansen C, et al. Socioeconomic inequality in cancer survival – changes over time. A population-based study, Denmark, 1987–2013. Acta Oncol. 2019;58(5):737–744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnussen J, Vrangbaek K, Saltman RB, editors. Nordic health care systems. Recent reforms and current policy challenges. Open University Press McGraw Hill; 2009. p. 3–19.
   Google Scholar
• Westman B, Kirkpatrick L, Ebrahim F, et al. Patient-reported experiences on supportive care strategies following the introduction of the first Swedish National Cancer Strategy and in accordance with the new patient act. Acta Oncol. 2018;57(3):382–392.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheppers E, van Dongen E, Dekker J, et al. Potential barriers to the use of health services among ethnic minorities: a review. Fam Pract. 2006;23(3):325–348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhargava S, Tsuruda K, Moen K, et al. Lower attendance rates in immigrant versus nonimmigrant women in the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme. J Med Screen. 2018;25(3):155–161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thøgersen H, Møller B, Åsli LM, et al. Waiting times and treatment following cancer diagnosis: comparison between immigrants and the Norwegian host population. Acta Oncol. 2020;1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokstad T, Sørhaug S, Amundsen T, et al. Medical complexity and time to lung cancer treatment – a three-year retrospective chart review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thygesen LC, Ersbøll AK. When the entire population is the sample: strengths and limitations in register-based epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(8):551–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahal AR, Chavez J, Yang DD, et al. Early impact of the Affordable Care Act and medicaid expansion on racial and socioeconomic disparities in cancer care. Am J Clin Oncol. 2019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo T, Spolverato G, Johnston F, et al. Factors that determine cancer treatment choice among minority groups. J Oncol Pract. 2015;11(3):259–261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham JT, Allen LJ, Gomez SL. Why do Asian-American women have lower rates of breast conserving surgery: results of a survey regarding physician perceptions. BMC Public Health. 2009;9(1):246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergqvist J, Iderberg H, Mesterton J, et al. Healthcare resource use, comorbidity, treatment and clinical outcomes for patients with primary intracranial tumors: a Swedish population-based register study. Acta Oncol. 2017;56(3):405–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanju S, Mitchell K, Zingone A, et al. Higher prevalence of homologous recombination deficiency in tumours from African Americans versus European Americans. Nat Cancer. 2020;1:112–121.
   Google Scholar