References
- Baek SM, Weinberg H, Song Y, Park CG, Biller HF. Experimental studies in the survival of venous island flaps without arterial inflow. Plast Reconstr Surg 1985; 75: 88–95.
- Chavoin JP, Rouge D, Vachaud M, Boccalon H, Costagliola M. Island flaps with an exclusively venous pedicle. A report of eleven cases and a preliminary haemodynamic study. Br J Plast Surg 1987; 40: 149–154.
- Chia SL, Cheng HH, Mao L. Free transplantation of venous network pattern skin flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 1988; 82: 892–895.
- Germann GK, Eriksson E, Russell RC, Mody N. Effect of arteriovenous flow reversal on blood flow and metabolism in a skin flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 1987; 79: 375–380.
- Gu Y, Wu M, Zheng Y, Li H, Xu Y. Arterialized venous free sural nerve grafting. Ann Plast Surg 1985; 15: 332–339.
- Guyton AC, Prather J, Scheel K, McGehee J. Interstitial fluid pressure: IV. Its effect on fluid movement through the capillary wall. Circ Res 1986; 19: 1022–1030.
- Heyman MA, Payne BD, Hoffman JIE, Rudolph AM. Blood flow measurements with radio-nuclide-labelled particles. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1977; 20: 55–79.
- Honda T, Nomura S, Yamauchi S, Shimamura K, Yoshimura M. The possible application of a composite skin and subcutaneous vein graft in the replantation of amputated digits. Br J Plast Surg 1984; 37: 607–612.
- Inoue G, Suzuki K. Arterialized venous flap for treating multiple skin defects of the hand. Plast Reconstr Surg 1993; 91: 299–305.
- Nakayama Y, Soeda S, Yoshihio K. Flaps nourished by arterial inflow through the venous system: an experimental investigation. Plast Reconstr Surg 1981; 67: 328–335.
- Neutze JM, Wyler F, Rudolph AM. Use of radioactive microsphere to assess distribution of cardiac output in rabbits. Am J Physiol 1968; 215: 486–495.
- Nichol J, Girling R, Jenard W. Fundamental instability of small blood vessels and critical closing pressures in vascular beds. Am J Physiol 1961; 164: 330–334.
- Nichter LS, Haines PC. Arterialized venous perfusion of composite tissue. Am J Surg 1985; 150: 191–196.
- Nichter LS, Jazayeri MA. The physiologic basis for nonconventional vascular perfusion. Plast Reconstr Surg 1993; 95: 406–412.
- Pang CY, Neligan P. Nakatsuka T. Assessment of microsphere technique for measurement of ca-pillary blood flow in random skin flaps in pigs. Plast Reconstr Surg 1984; 74: 513–521.
- Pittet B, Chang P. Cedema P, Cohen MB, Blair WF, Cram AE. The role of neovascularisation in the survival of an arterialized venous flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 1996; 97: 621–629.
- Sasa M, Xian W, Breidenbach W, Tasi TM, Shibata M, Firrell J. Survival and blood flow evaluation of venous flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 1988; 82: 319–325.
- Semashko D, Song Y, Silverman D, Weinberg H. Ischemic induction of neovascularisation: a study by fluorometric analysis. Microsurgery 1985; 6: 244–248.
- Thane MR, Kamdar NB, Khakkar DV, Varade MA, Thane RE. Static and dynamic compu-terised radioactive tracer studies, vital dye stain-ing and theoretical mathematical calculations to ascertain the mode of survival of single cephalad channel venous island flaps. Br J Plast Surg 1989; 42: 5405–5413.
- Thane MR, Kumta SM, Purohit SK, Deshpande SN, Thane RE. Cephalic venous flap: a series of 8 cases and a preliminary report on the use of 99mTc labelled RBCs to study the saphenous venous flap in dogs. Br J Plast Surg 1989; 42: 193–198.
- Thur H, Daniller A, Strauch B. Neovascularisa-lion of skin flaps: route and timing. Plast Reconstr Surg 1980; 66: 85–93.
- Tsai T, Matiko JD, Breidenbach W, Kutz JE. Venous flaps in digital revascularization and replantation. J Reconstr Microsurg 1987; 3: 113–119.
- Yoshimura M, Shimada T, Imura S, Shimamura K, Yamauchi S. The venous skin graft method for repairing skin defects of the fingers. Plast Reconstr Surg 1987; 79: 243–250.