Neuronal Loss After Transsection Of The Facial Nerve: A Morphological And Neurophysiological Study In Monkeys

References

• Calford MB, Tweedale R. Immediate expansion of receptive fields of neurons in area 3b of macaque monkeys after digit denervation. Soma-tosens Mot Res 1991; 8: 1026–1031.
   Google Scholar
• Courville J. The nucleus of the facial nerve; the relation between cellular groups and peripheral branches of the nerve. Brain Res 1966; 1: 338–354.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frykman GK. The quest for better recovery from peripheral nerve injury: current status of nerve regeneration research. J Hand Ther 1993; 3: 83–88.
   Google Scholar
• Gonatas NK, Harper C, Mizutani T, Gonatas JO. Superior sensitivity of conjugates of horseradish peroxidase with wheat germ agglutinin for studies of retrograde axonal transport. J Histo-chem Cytochem 1979; 27: 728–734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimby G, Stalberg E, Sandberg A, Sunnerhagen K. An eight year longitudinal study of muscle strength, muscle fiber size and dynamic electro-myogram in individuals with late polio. Muscle Nerve 1998; 21: 1428–1437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Himes BT, Tessler A. Death of some dorsal root ganglion neurons and plasticity of others follow-ing sciatic nerve section in adult and neonatal rats. J Comp Neurol 1989; 284: 215–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson IP, Duberley RM. Motoneuron survival and expression of neuropeptides and neuro-trophic factor receptors following axotomy in adult and ageing rats. Neuroscience 1998; 84: 141–150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kugelberg E, Edström L, Abbruzzese M. Map-ping of motor units in experimentally reinner-vated rat muscle. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1970; 33: 319–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaMotte CC, Kapadia SE, Kocol CM. Deaf-ferentation-induced expansion of saphenous terminal field labelling in the adult rat dorsal horn following pronase injection in the sciatic nerve. J Comp Neurol 1989; 288: 311–325.
   Google Scholar
• Liss A, af Ekenstam FW, Wiberg M. Cell loss in sensory ganglia after peripheral nerve injury. An anatomical tracer study using lectin-coupled horseradish peroxidase in cats. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 1994; 28: 177–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liss A, af Ekenstam FW, Wiberg M. Loss of neurons in the dorsal root ganglia after transec-lion of a peripheral sensory nerve. An anatomical study in monkeys. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 1996; 30: 1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liuzzi FJ, Tedeschi B. Peripheral nerve regen-eration. Neurosurg Clin N Am 1991; 2: 31–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ljungberg C, Novikov L, Kellerth JO, Ebendal T, Wiberg M. The neurotrophins NGF and NT-3 reduce sensory neuronal loss in adult rat after peripheral nerve lesion. Neurosci Lett 1999; 262: 29–32.
   Google Scholar
• Lundborg G. Nerve regeneration and repair. A review. Acta Orthop Scand 1987; 58: 145–169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mesulam MM. Tetramethyl benzidine for horse-radish peroxidase neurohistochemistry: a non-carcinogenic blue reaction product with superior sensitivity for visualizing neural afferents and efferents. J Histochem Cytochem 1978; 26: 106–117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman JP, Verity AN, Hawatmeh S, Fee WE, Terris DJ. Ciliary neurotrophic factor enhances peripheral nerve regeneration. Head Neck Surg 1996; 122: 399–403.
   Google Scholar
• Nyberg G, Blomqvist A. The somatotopic organization of forelimb cutaneous nerves in the brachial dorsal horn: an anatomical study in the cat. J Comp Neurol 1985; 242: 28–39.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Raivich G, Hellweg R, Kreutzberg GW. NGF receptor-mediated reduction in axonal NGF uptake and retrograde transport following sciatic nerve injury and during regeneration. Neuron 1991; 7: 151–164.
   Google Scholar
• Richardson PM, Issa VM. Peripheral injury enhances central regeneration of primary sensory neurones. Nature 1984; 309: 791–793.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahenk Z, Seharaseyon J, Mendell JR. CNTF potentiates peripheral nerve regeneration. Brain Res 1994; 655: 246–250.
   Google Scholar
• Snider WD, Thanedar S. Target dependence of hypoglossal motor neurons during development and in maturity. J Comp Neurol 1989; 279: 489–498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swett JE. Differential patterns of labeling in the rat dorsal horn and dorsal column nuclei with transganglionic transport of WGA-HRP and HRP. Neuroscience 1992; 50: 685–696.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Terenghi G. Peripheral nerve regeneration and neurotrophic factors. J Anat 1999; 194: 1–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terzis JK, Schnarrs RH. Facial nerve reconstruc-tion. In: Granick MS, Hanna DC, eds. Manage-ment of salivary gland lesions. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1992: 555–567.
   Google Scholar
• Tham S, Dowsing B, Finkelstein D et al. Leukaemia inhibitory factor enhances the regen-eration of transected rat sciatic nerve and the function of reinnervated muscle. J Neurosci Res 1997; 47: 208–215.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tomasch J. eber die Zahl und Grösse der Zellen in den motorischen Hirnnervenkernen des Menschen. Z Mikrosk Anat Forsch 1963; 70: 298–314.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ulenkate HJLM, Kaal ECA, Gispen WH, Jenne-kens FGI. Ciliary neurotrophic factor improves muscle fibre reinnervation after facial nerve crush in young rats. Acta Neuropathol (Berlin) 1994; 88: 558–564.
   Google Scholar
• Valtschanoff JG, Weinberg RJ, Rustioni A. Peripheral injury and anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase to spinal cord. Neuroscience 1992; 50: 685–696.
   Google Scholar
• Vanden Noven S, Wallace N, Muccio D, Turtz A, Pinter MJ. Adult spinal motoneurons remain viable despite prolonged abscence of functional synaptic contact with muscle. Exp Neurol 1993; 123: 147–156.
   Google Scholar
• Wang W, Salvaterra PM, Loera S, Chiu AY. Brain derived neurotrophic factor spares choline acetyltransferase mRNA following axotomy of motor neurons in vivo. J Neurosci Res 1997; 47: 134–143.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu WHA:. Sex difference in neuronal loss induced by axotomy in the rat brain stem motor nuclei. Exp Neurol 1988; 102: 230–235.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar