832
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Skin-tone preferences and self-representation in Hispanic children

&
Pages 277-290 | Received 28 Oct 2010, Accepted 17 Jan 2011, Published online: 24 May 2011

References

  • Bernat , G. and Balch , P. 1979 . The Chicano Racial Attitude Measure (CRAM): Results of an initial investigation . American Journal of Community Psychology , 7 : 137 – 146 .
  • Bernat , G. and Balch , P. 1981 . Chicano children’s racial attitudes in traditional and assimilative bilingual educational programs . American Journal of Community Psychology , 9 : 605 – 616 .
  • Burke , M. 2008 . “ Colorism ” . In International encyclopedia of the social sciences , Edited by: Darity , W. Jr. Vol. 2 , 17 – 18 . Detroit, MI : Thomson Gale .
  • Butler , R. 1989 . “ Mastery versus ability appraisal: A developmental study of children’s observations of peers’ work ” . In Child Development Vol. 60 , 1350 – 1361 .
  • Clark , K. B. and Clark , M. K. 1939 . Segregation as a factor in the racial identification of Negro pre-school children: A preliminary report . Journal of Experimental Education , 8 : 161 – 163 .
  • Clark , K. B. and Clark , M. K. 1950 . Emotional factors in racial identification and preference in Negro children . Journal of Negro Education , 19 : 342 – 350 .
  • Clark , K. B. and Clark , M. P. 1947 . “ Racial identification and preference in Negro children ” . In Readings in social psychology , Edited by: Newcomb , T. M. and Hartley , E. L. 169 – 178 . New York, NY : Holt, Rinehart and Winston .
  • Comas-Diaz , L. , Lykes , M. B. and Alarcon , R. D. 1998 . Ethnic conflict and the psychology of liberation in Guatemala, Peru and Puerto Rico . American Psychologist , 53 : 778 – 792 .
  • Davis , K. B. , Daniels , M. and See , L. A. 1998 . The psychological effects of skin colour on African Americans’ self-esteem . Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment , 1 : 63 – 90 .
  • Dominguez , J. I. 1994 . Race and ethnicity in Latin America , New York, NY : Garland .
  • Doyle , A. B. and Abound , F. E. 1995 . A longitudinal study of White children’s racial prejudice as a social-cognitive development . Merrill-Palmer Quarterly , 41 : 209 – 228 .
  • Dunkerley , G. K. and Dalenberg , C. J. 1999 . Secret-keeping behaviours in Black and White children as a function of interviewer race, racial identity, and risk for abuse . Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma , 2 : 13 – 35 .
  • Fox , D. J. and Jordan , V. B. 1973 . Racial preference and identification of Black, American Chinese, and White children . Genetic Psychology Monographs , 88 : 229 – 286 .
  • Fry , R. 2003 . Hispanic youth dropping out of U.S. schools: Measuring the challenge , Washington, DC : Pew Hispanic Center .
  • Goodman , M. E. 1952 . Race awareness in young children , Cambridge, MA : Addison-Wesley .
  • Goodwin , J. C. 2008 . A history of modern psychology , 3 , Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley .
  • Gopaul-McNicol , S. A. 1995 . A cross-cultural examination of racial identity and racial preference of preschool children in the West Indies . Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , 26 : 141 – 152 .
  • Gray-Little , B. and Hafdahl , A. R. 2000 . Factors influencing racial comparisons of self-esteem: A qualitative review . Psychological Bulletin , 126 : 26 – 54 .
  • Greenwald , A. G. , Banaji , M. R. , Rudman , L. A. , Farnham , S. D. , Nosek , B. A. and Mellott , D. S. 2002 . “ A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept ” . In Psychological Review Vol. 109 , 3 – 25 .
  • Greenwald , H. J. and Oppenheim , D. B. 1968 . Reported magnitude of self misidentification among Negro children – Artifact? . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 8 : 49 – 52 .
  • Guyll , M. , Madon , S. , Prieto , L. and Scherr , K. C. 2010 . The potential roles of self-fulfilling prophecies, stigma consciousness, and stereotype threat in linking Latino/a ethnicity and educational outcomes . Journal of Social Issues , 66 : 113 – 130 .
  • Hall , R. E. 2005 . From the psychology of race to the issue of skin colour for people of African descent . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 35 : 1958 – 1967 .
  • Horowitz , R. E. 1938 . Racial aspects of self-identification in nursery school children . Journal of Psychology , 7 : 91 – 99 .
  • Hraba , J. and Grant , G. 1970 . Black is beautiful: A reexamination of racial preference and identification . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 16 : 398 – 402 .
  • Jambunathan , S. and Burts , D. C. 2003 . Comparison of perception of self-competence among five ethic groups of preschoolers in the US . Early Child Development and Care , 173 : 651 – 660 .
  • Jordan , P. and Hernandez-Reif , M. 2009 . Reexamination of young children’s racial attitudes and skin tone preferences . Journal of Black Psychology , 35 : 388 – 403 .
  • Jost , J. T. , Pelham , B. W. and Carvallo , M. R. 2002 . Non-conscious forms of system justification: Implicit and behavioral preferences for higher status groups . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 38 : 586 – 602 .
  • Laishley , J. 1971 . Skin colour awareness and preference in London nursery-school children . Race , 13 : 47 – 64 .
  • Lewis , C. and Biber , B. 1951 . Reactions of Negro children toward Negro and White teachers . Experimental Education , 20 : 97 – 104 .
  • Liebert , R. M. , Sobol , M. P. and Copemann , C. D. 1972 . Effects of vicarious consequences and race of model upon imitative performance by Black children . Developmental Psychology , 6 : 453 – 456 .
  • Madge , N. 1976 . Context and the expressed ethnic preference of infant school children . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines , 17 : 337 – 344 .
  • McNulty , C. P. and Brown , M. S. 2009 . Help wanted: Seeking the critical confluence of minorities in teaching . Childhood Education , 85 : 179 – 181 .
  • Morland , J. K. 1962 . Racial acceptance and preference of nursery school children in a southern city . Merrill Palmer Quarterly of Behavioral and Development , 8 : 271 – 280 .
  • Morland , J. K. 1966 . A comparison of race awareness in northern and southern children . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 36 : 22 – 31 .
  • Nosek , B. A. , Banaji , M. R. and Greenwald , A. G. 2002 . “ Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration website ” . In Group Dynamics Vol. 6 , 101 – 115 .
  • Ogletree , E. 1969 . Skin colour preference of the Negro child . Journal of Social Psychology , 79 : 143 – 144 .
  • Persson , A. and Musher-Eizenman , D. R. 2003 . The impact of a prejudice-prevention television program on young children’s ideas about race . Early Childhood Research Quarterly , 18 : 530 – 546 .
  • Peskin , M. and Newell , F. N. 2004 . Familiarity breeds attraction: Effects of exposure on the attractiveness of typical and distinctive faces . Perception , 33 : 147 – 157 .
  • Powell-Hopson , D. and Hopson , D. 1992 . “ Implications of doll colour preferences among Black preschool children and White preschool children ” . In African American psychology: Theory, research, and practice , Edited by: Burlew , A.K.H. , Banks , W. C. , McAdoo , H. P. and ya Azibo , D. A. 183 – 189 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • Shelibow , B. 1973 . An investigation into the relationship between self-esteem and skin colour among Hispanic children . Graduate Research in Urban Education and Related Disciplines , 7 : 64 – 82 .
  • Simmons , O. G. 1970 . “ The mutual images and expectations of Anglo-Americans and Mexican-Americans ” . In Mexican-Americans in the United States, a reader , Edited by: Burma , J. H. 286 – 299 . Cambridge, MA : Schenkman .
  • Twenge , J. M. and Crocker , J. 2002 . Race and self-esteem: Meta-analyses comparing Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians and comment of Gray-Little and Hafdahl (2000) . Psychological Bulletin , 128 : 371 – 408 .
  • Uhlmann , E. , Dasgupta , N. , Elgueta , A. , Greenwald , A. G. and Swanson , J. 2002 . Subgroup prejudice based on skin colour among Hispanics in the United States and Latin America . Social Cognition , 20 : 198 – 225 .
  • United States Census Bureau . 2010 . State and county quickfacts: Los Angeles, California Retrieved October 22, 2010, from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0644000.html
  • Wade , P. 1997 . Race and ethnicity in Latin America , London : Pluto Press .
  • Williams , J. E. , Best , D. L. , Boswell , D. A. , Mattson , L. A. and Graves , D. J. 1975 . Preschool racial attitude measure II . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 35 : 3 – 18 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.