Early Childhood Education in Japan and the United States: A Comparison of Regular Education (Kindergarten and Daycare Programs) and Special Education ProgramsFootnote∗

∗This research was funded in part by the Committee on Organized Research and a sabbatical grant from Northeastern Illinois University.

References

• Ascher , C. 1988 . Improving the school‐home connection for poor and minority urban students . Urban Review , 20 : 109 – 123 .
   Google Scholar
• Asahi Shimbun . 1993 . Japan Almanac , Tokyo, , Japan : Asahi Shimbun Publishing Company .
   Google Scholar
• Badger , E. , Burns , D. and Vietze , P. 1981 . Maternal risk factors as predictors of developmental outcome in early childhood . Infant Mental Health Journal , 2 (1) : 33 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Beckman‐Bell , P. 1981 . Child related stress in families of handicapped children . Topics inEarly Childhood Special Education , 1 (3) : 45 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Berger , E.H. 1991 . Parents as partners in Education , New York : Merrill Publishing Co. .
   Google Scholar
• Boocock Sarane Spence . 1987 . Anging Definitions of Childhood Crosscultural Comparisons , The National Council of Jewish Women. Research Institute for Innovation in Education The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. School of Education .
   Google Scholar
• Breitmayer , G. and Ramey , C. Identifying high‐risk infants . Paper presented at the Fourth Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies . New York.
   Google Scholar
• Children's Defense Fund . 1992 . Annual Report, 1992 , Washington, DC : Children's Defense Fund .
   Google Scholar
• Cicchetti , D. 1987 . The application of a transactional risk model to intervention with multi‐risk maltreating families . Zero to Three , 7 (5) : 1 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Chavkin , N. Debunking the myth about minority parents . Educational Horizons , (1989, summer).
   Google Scholar
• Cochran , M. and Dean , C. 1991 . Home‐school relations and the empowerment process . The Elementary School Journal , 91 (3)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, Kevin , A. 1989 . The development of teacher education in Japan 1868–1980 . Teachingand Teacher Education , 3 (5) : 217 – 228 . Great Britain
   Google Scholar
• Comer , J. and Haynes , N. 1991 . Parent involvement in schools: an ecological approach . The Elementary School Journal , 91 (3)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyson , L. and Fewell , R. 1986 . Stress and adaptation in parents of young handicapped and non‐handicapped children: A comparative study . The Journal of the Division for Early Childhood , 10 (1) : 25 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Epstein , J. 1992 . School and family partnership , Report No. 6. Sponsored by Department of Health and Human Services Office of Educational Research and Improvement . ED 343715, Fruchter et al. 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Gartner , A. , Lipsky , L. and Turnball , A. 1991 . Supporting Families with a Disability: An International Outlook , Baltimore, London, Toronto, Sydney : Paul H. Brookes Publishing Company .
   Google Scholar
• Goodson Schwartz and Milsap (1991) ????
   Google Scholar
• Hawley , Willis D. The Education of Japanese Teachers: Lessons for the United States? ED 270 830 (????).
   Google Scholar
• Holloway , S. 1990 . The family's influence on achievement in Japan and the United States . Comparative Education Review , 34 (2)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honig , A. 1984 . Risk factors in infants and young children . Young Children , 39 (4) : 60 – 73 .
   Google Scholar
• Jeremy , R. and Bernstein , V. 1982 . Dyads at risk: Methadone‐maintained women and their four‐month‐old infants . Child Development ,
   Google Scholar
• Kaneyoshi , Nakayama . 1993 . Pictorial Encyclopedia of Japanese Life and Events , Tokyo, , Japan : Gakken Publishing Co. .
   Google Scholar
• Kobayashi , Tetsuya , Hawley , Caroly and Hawley , Willis . 1993 . Japanese Teacher Education Part I . Peabody Journal of Education , 68 (3)
   Google Scholar
• Kotloff , Lauren . 1993 . Fostering cooperative group spirit and individuality: Examples from a Japanese preschool . Young Children ,
   Google Scholar
• Landerholm , E. 1982 . High‐risk infants of teenage mothers: later candidates for special education placements? . The Journal of the Division for Early Childhood , 6 : 3 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Landerholm , E. and Karr , J. 1988 . Designing parent involvement program activities to deal with parents’ needs . Life Long Learning , 11 (5) : 11 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Landerholm , E. and Lowenthal , B. 1993 . Adding variety to parent involvement activities . Early Child Development and Care , 91 : 1 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , A. 1992 . Helping young urban parents educate themselves and their children ERIC/Cue Digest, Number 85
   Google Scholar
• Lowitzer , A. Family demographics, family functioning, and parent involvement . Paper presented at the Society for Research in Child Development . Kansas City. April , Mo. ED 311 669
   Google Scholar
• McAdams, Richard , P. 1993 . Lessons from abroad: How other countries educate their children , Basel, , Switzerland : Technomic Publishing Co. .
   Google Scholar
• McCollum , J. and Stayton , V. 1985 . Infant/parent interaction: Studies and intervention based on the SIAI model . The Journal of the Division of Early Childhood , 9 (2) : 125 – 135 .
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Educational Research of Japan . 1989 . Teacher training in Japan NIER Occasional Paper. ED 313 360
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Educational Research of Japan . 1990 . Early Childhood Education in Japan NIER Occasional Paper. ED
   Google Scholar
• Olmstead , P. 1991 . Parent involvement in elementary education: Findings and suggestions from the follow through program . Elementary School Journal , 91 (3)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell , D. 1991 . How schools support families: Critical policy tensions . The Elementary School Journal , 91 (3)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quintero , E. and Huerta‐Macias , A. 1990 . The Reading Teacher , 44 (4) Schorr, L. (1989) Within Our Reach. New York. Doubleday
   Google Scholar
• Shimahara, Nobuo , K. and Sakai , Akira . 1995 . Learning to Teach in Two Cultures , New York and London : Garland Publishing, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson , H.W. and Stigler , J.W. 1992 . The Learning Gap: Why our schools are failing and what we can learn from Japanese and Chinese Education
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson , H. 1992 . Learning from Asian Schools . Scientific American , : 70 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevenson , H. Lee , S. 1990 . Contexts of Achievement: A study of American, Chinese and Japanese Children , Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Chicago, IL
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , M. Japanese mothers’ responses to systematic training for effective parenting (STEP) and children's independence . Paper presented to the International Congress of Applied Psychology . Kyoto.
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , M. 1990 . “ The development of “prosocial behavior” among children I ” . In Bulletin of the Institute of Women's Culture, Showa Women's University Vol. No. 6 ,
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , M. 1993 . “ The development of “prosocial behavior” among children II: An analysis based on sex differences ” . In Bulletin of the Institute of Women's Culture, Showa Women's University Vol. No. 11 ,
   Google Scholar
• Tobin , J. , Wu , D. and Davidson , D. 1989 . Preschool in three cultures, Japan, China and the United States , New Haven and London : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ueno , Tatsumi . 1983 . Educational technology for pre‐service training program at Hyogo University of Teacher Education — As a case study of teacher education in Japan ED 232 992
   Google Scholar
• Weisbourd , B. 1983 . The family support movement: Greater than the sum of its parts . Zero to Three , 4 : 8 – 10 .
   Google Scholar
• Welsh , M. and Odum , C. 1981 . Parent involvement in the education of the handicapped child: A review of the literature . The Journal of the Division of Early Childhood , 3 : 15 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• White , M. 1988 . The Japanese Overseas: Can they go home again? , New York : The Free Press, A division of Macmillan, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Wilder , L. , Wasow , M. and Hatfield , G. 1981 . Chronic sorrow revisited: Parents vs. professional depiction of the adjustment of parents of mentally retarded children . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 51 : 63 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeitlin , S. , Williamson , G. and Rosenblatt , W. in press . Coping with stress model as used with families in an early intervention program . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry ,
   Google Scholar