References
- Adams, Cey, BrentRollins, and SachaJenkins. “Words and Images: A Roundtable on Hip-Hop Design.” Chang, Total Chaos, 117–32. Print.
- Adams, Timothy Dow. Light Writing and Life Writing: Photography in Autobiography. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 2000. Print.
- Adler, Bill. “Who Shot Ya: A History of Hip-Hop Photography.” Chang, Total Chaos, 102–16. Print.
- Andrews, William L., ed. African American Autobiography: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1993. Print.
- Baker, Houston A.Jr.Black Studies, Rap, and the Academy. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1993. Print.
- Balestrini, Nassim Winnie. “Photography as Online Life Writing: Miranda July's and Harrell Fletcher's Learning to Love You More (2002–09).” American Lives. Ed. AlfredHornung. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2013. 341–53. Print.
- Bourdieu, Pierre. “The Social Definition of Photography.” 1965. Visual Culture: The Reader. Ed. JessicaEvans and StuartHall. London: Sage, 1999. 162–80. Print.
- Chang, Jeff. Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation. Intro. DJ Kool Herc. New York: Picador/St. Martin's, 2005. Print.
- Chang, Jeff, ed. Total Chaos: The Art and Aesthetics of Hip-Hop. New York: BasicCivitas, 2006. Print.
- Denton, Sandy “Pepa,” with Karen Hunter. Let's Talk About Pep. Intro. Queen Latifah; epilogue Missy Elliott. 2008. New York: Gallery, 2010. Print.
- DMX [Earl Simmons], as told to Smokey D. Fontaine. E.A.R.L. [Ever Always Real Life]: The Autobiography of DMX. 2002. New York: itbooks/HarperCollins, 2003. Print.
- Dyson, Michael Eric. Know What I Mean? Reflections on Hip-Hop. New York: BasicCivitas, 2007. Web.
- Eakin, Paul John. Living Autobiographically: How We Create Identity in Narrative. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 2008. Print.
- Eminem, with Sacha Jenkins. Designed by Headcase Design. The Way I Am. New York: Dutton/Penguin, 2008. Print.
- Forman, Murray. The ’Hood Comes First: Race, Space, and Place in Rap and Hip-Hop. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan UP, 2002. Print.
- Gilmore, Leigh. Autobiographics: A Feminist Theory of Women's Self-Representation. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 1994. Print.
- Gilroy, Paul. “‘Jewels Brought from Bondage’: Black Music and the Politics of Authenticity.” Striff, Performance Studies, 137–51. Print.
- Goddess, Rha. “Scarcity and Exploitation: The Myth and Reality of the Struggling Hip-Hop Artist.” Chang, Total Chaos, 340–48. Print.
- Grandmaster Flash, with David Ritz. The Adventures of Grandmaster Flash: My Life, My Beats. New York: Broadway, 2008. Print.
- Guin, Charles A. Le. “The Language of Portraiture.” Biography6.4 (1983): 333–41. Web.
- Hall, Stuart. “What Is This ‘Black’ in Black Popular Culture?” Pickering, 267–77. Print.
- Heath, R. Scott. “True Heads: Historicizing the Hip_Hop [sic] Nation in Context.” Callaloo29.3 (2006): 846–66. Web.
- Henke, Suzette A.Shattered Subjects: Trauma and Testimony in Women's Life-Writing. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1998. Print.
- Hess, Mickey. “From Bricks to Billboards: Hip-hop Autobiography.” Mosaic: A Journal for the Interdisciplinary Study of Literature39.1 (2006): 61–78. Print.
- Ice-T, dir. Something from Nothing: The Art of Rap. Kaleidoscope, 2012. DVD.
- Ice-T, and Douglas Century. Ice: A Memoir of Gangster Life and Redemption—from South Central to Hollywood. New York: One World/Ballantine, 2012. Print.
- Ice-T, as told to Heidi Siegmund. The Ice Opinion: Who Gives a Fuck?London: Pan, 1994. Print.
- Jacobs, Harriet A. “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl.” Norton Anthology of American Literature. Vol. B. 8th ed. Ed. Nina Baym et al. New York: Norton, 2012. 920–42. Print.
- Jay-Z [Shawn Carter]. Decoded, 2010. Exp. ed. New York: Virgin Books/Spiegel & Grau/Random House, 2011. Print.
- Jay-Z. “Intro.” Dyson, ix–xii.
- Jones, Meta DuEwa. “An Interview with Michael Eric Dyson.” Callaloo29.3 (2006): 786–802. Web.
- Ke$ha. My Crazy Beautiful Life. New York: Touchstone/Simon & Schuster, 2012. Print.
- Lee, Katja. “Reconsidering Rap's ‘I’: Eminem's Autobiographical Postures and the Construction of Identity Authenticity.” Canadian Review of American Studies38.3 (2008): 351–73. Web.
- Lejeune, Philippe. On Autobiography. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1989. Print.
- Levine, Lawrence. Highbrow/Lowbrow: The Emergence of Cultural Hierarchy in America. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1988. Print.
- Lionnet, Françoise. “Autoethnography: The An-Archic Style of Dust Tracks on the Road.” Andrews, 113–37. Print.
- Meili, Jürg Martin. Kunst als Brücke zwischen den Kulturen: Afro-amerikanische Musik im Licht der schwarzen Bürgerrechtsbewegung. Bielefeld: transcript, 2011. Print.
- Ostendorf, Berndt. “Celebration or Pathology? Commodity or Art? The Dilemma of African-American Expressive Culture.” Pickering, 385–402. Print.
- Pickering, Michael, ed. Popular Culture, Vol. 3, Cultural Formations and Social Relations. Los Angeles: Sage, 2010. Print.
- Pough, Gwendolyn D.Check It While I Wreck It: Black Womanhood, Hip-Hop Culture, and the Public Sphere. Boston, MA: Northeastern UP, 2004. Print.
- Prodigy, with Laura Checkoway. My Infamous Life: The Autobiography of Mobb Deep's Prodigy. New York: Touchstone/Simon & Schuster, 2011. Print.
- QueenLatifah, with KarenHunter. Ladies First: Revelations of a Strong Woman. Foreword Rita Owens. New York: Morrow, 1999. Print.
- Rajewsky, Irina. Intermedialität. Tübingen: Francke, 2002. Print.
- Ramsey, Jr., Guthrie P.Race Music: Black Cultures from Bebop to Hip-Hop. Berkeley: U of California P, 2003. Print.
- Rose, Tricia. The Hip Hop Wars: What We Talk About When We Talk About Hip Hop—and Why It Matters. New York: BasicCivitas, 2008. Print.
- Sanchez, Ivan, and Luis “DJ Disco Wiz” Cedeño. It's Just Begun: The Epic Journey of DJ Disco Wiz, Hip Hop's First Latino DJ. Brooklyn, NY: powerhouse, 2009. Print.
- Shakur, Tupac. The Rose That Grew from Concrete. 1999. London: Pocket, 2006. Print.
- Shank, Barry. “Fears of the White Unconscious: Music, Race, and Identification in the Censorship of ‘Cop Killer’.” Radical History Review66 (1996): 124–45. Print.
- Sister Souljah. No Disrespect. New York: Vintage, 1994. Print.
- Smith, Sidonie, and JuliaWatson. “Introduction: De/Colonization and the Politics of Discourse in Women's Autobiographical Practices.” De/Colonizing the Subject: The Politics of Gender in Women's Autobiography. Ed. SidonieSmith and JuliaWatson. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1992. xiii–xxxi. Print.
- WatsonJuliaReading Autobiography: A Guide for Interpreting Life Narratives. 2nd ed. Minneapolis: U of Minneapolis P, 2010. Print.
- Stein, Daniel. Music Is My Life: Louis Armstrong, Autobiography, and American Jazz. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2012. Print.
- Stepto, Robert B. “Narration, Authentication, and Authorial Control in Frederick Douglass’ Narrative of 1845.” Andrews, 26–58. Print.
- Striff, Erin. “Introduction: Locating Performance Studies.” Striff, Performance Studies, 1–13. Print.
- Striff, Erin, ed. Performance Studies. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Print.
- Walsh, Robert. “An Interview with Touré.” Callaloo29.3 (2006): 776–82. Web.
- West, Donda, with KarenHunter. Raising Kanye: Life Lessons from the Mother of a Hip-Hop Superstar. New York: Pocket, 2007. Print.
- West, Kanye, and NabilElderkin. Glow in the Dark. New York: Rizzoli, 2009. Print.
- Wheatley, Phillis. “To the University of Cambridge, in New England.” Norton Anthology of American Literature. Vol. A. 8th ed. Ed. Nina Baym et al. New York: Norton, 2012. 766. Print.
- White, Miles. From Jim Crow to Jay-Z: Race, Rap, and the Performance of Masculinity in American Popular Culture. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 2011. Print.
- Wolf, Werner. “(Inter)mediality and the Study of Literature.” CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture13.3 (2011): n. pag. Web.
- WolfWerner “Musicalized Fiction and Intermediality: Theoretical Aspects of Word and Music Studies.” Word and Music Studies: Defining the Field. Ed. WalterBernhart. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1999. 37–58. Print.