317
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Hepatology

Advances in the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis

, , &
Pages 261-273 | Received 02 Mar 2018, Accepted 17 May 2018, Published online: 27 Jun 2018

References

  • Shasthry SM, Sarin SK. New treatment options for alcoholic hepatitis. World journal of gastroenterology. 2016;22(15):3892-906
  • Gakidou E, Afshin A, Abajobir AA, et al. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet (London, England) 2017;390:1345-422
  • Szabo G, Petrasek J. Gut–liver axis and sterile signals in the development of alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Alcohol 2017;52:414-24
  • Forrest E, Mellor J, Stanton L, et al. Steroids or pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis (STOPAH): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2013;14:262
  • Szabo G. Gut–liver axis in alcoholic liver disease. Gastroenterology 2015;148:30-6
  • Kamper-Jorgensen M, Gronbaek M, Tolstrup J, et al. Alcohol and cirrhosis: dose–response or threshold effect? J Hepatol 2004;41:25-30
  • Gao B, Bataller R. Alcoholic liver disease: pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets. Gastroenterology 2011;141:1572-85
  • Beaudoin JJ, Long N, Liangpunsakul S, et al. An exploratory genome-wide analysis of genetic risk for alcoholic hepatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2017;52:1263-9
  • Michelena J, Altamirano J, Abraldes JG, et al. Systemic inflammatory response and serum lipopolysaccharide levels predict multiple organ failure and death in alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2015;62:762-72
  • Mandrekar P, Bataller R, Tsukamoto H, et al. Alcoholic hepatitis: translational approaches to develop targeted therapies. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2016;64:1343-55
  • Shoreibah M, Anand BS, Singal AK. Alcoholic hepatitis and concomitant hepatitis C virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:11929-34
  • Altamirano J, Miquel R, Katoonizadeh A, et al. A histologic scoring system for prognosis of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Gastroenterology 2014;146:1231-9.e1-6
  • Trepo E, Goossens N, Fujiwara N, et al. Combination of gene expression signature and model for end-stage liver disease score predicts survival of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Gastroenterology 2017: published online 17 November 2017, doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.10.048
  • Das S, Hussain MS, Maras JS, et al. Modification patterns of urinary albumin correlates with serum albumin and outcome in severe alcoholic hepatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2018: published online 24 January 2018, doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000990
  • Forrest EH, Atkinson SR, Richardson P, et al. Application of prognostic scores in the STOPAH trial: discriminant function is no longer the optimal scoring system in alcoholic hepatitis. J Hepatol 2017: published online 21 November 2017, doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.11.017
  • Haass-Koffler CL, Goodyear K, Zywiak WH, et al. Comparing and combining topiramate and aripiprazole on alcohol-related outcomes in a human laboratory study. Alcohol Alcohol 2017: published online 21 December 2017, doi:10.1093/alcalc/agx108
  • Antonelli M, Ferrulli A, Sestito L, et al. Alcohol addiction – the safety of available approved treatment options. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2018;17:169-77
  • Soyka M, Muller CA. Pharmacotherapy of alcoholism – an update on approved and off-label medications. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017;18:1187-99
  • Addolorato G, Leggio L, Ferrulli A, et al. Effectiveness and safety of baclofen for maintenance of alcohol abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients with liver cirrhosis: randomised, double-blind controlled study. Lancet (London, England) 2007;370:1915-22
  • Beraha EM, Salemink E, Goudriaan AE, et al. Efficacy and safety of high-dose baclofen for the treatment of alcohol dependence: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind controlled trial. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016;26:1950-9
  • Barrault C, Lison H, Roudot-Thoraval F, et al. P1091: one year effectiveness of baclofen treatment in 100 alcohol-dependent patients. J Hepatol 2015;62:S758-9
  • Rana R, Wang SL, Li J, et al. A prognostic evaluation and management of alcoholic hepatitis. Minerva Med 2017: published online 9 June 2017, doi:10.23736/s0026-4806.17.05136-9
  • Moreno C, Deltenre P, Senterre C, et al. Intensive enteral nutrition is ineffective for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with corticosteroids. Gastroenterology 2016;150:903-10.e8
  • Mathurin P, O’Grady J, Carithers RL, et al. Corticosteroids improve short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: meta-analysis of individual patient data. Gut 2011;60:255-60
  • Rambaldi A, Saconato HH, Christensen E, et al. Systematic review: glucocorticosteroids for alcoholic hepatitis – a Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of randomized clinical trials. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008;27:1167-78
  • Ray K. Alcoholic liver disease: alcoholic hepatitis: a warning for prednisolone and infection risk? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;14:68
  • Vergis N, Atkinson SR, Knapp S, et al. In patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis, prednisolone increases susceptibility to infection and infection-related mortality, and is associated with high circulating levels of bacterial DNA. Gastroenterology 2017;152:1068-77.e4
  • Garcia-Saenz-de-Sicilia M, Duvoor C, Altamirano J, et al. A day-4 Lille model predicts response to corticosteroids and mortality in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2017;112:306-15
  • Singh S, Murad MH, Chandar AK, et al. Comparative effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for severe alcoholic hepatitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2015;149:958-70.e12
  • Miyashima Y, Shibata M, Honma Y, et al. Severe alcoholic hepatitis effectively treated with vitamin E as an add-on to corticosteroids. Intern Med (Tokyo, Japan) 2017;56:3293-7
  • Thursz M, Forrest E, Roderick P, et al. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of STeroids Or Pentoxifylline for Alcoholic Hepatitis (STOPAH): a 2 × 2 factorial randomised controlled trial. Health Technol Assess 2015;19:1-104
  • Lee YS, Kim HJ, Kim JH, et al. Treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis with corticosteroid, pentoxifylline, or dual therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2017;51:364-77
  • Park SH, Kim DJ, Kim YS, et al. Pentoxifylline vs. corticosteroid to treat severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomised, non-inferiority, open trial. J Hepatol 2014;61:792-8
  • Mathurin P, Louvet A, Duhamel A, et al. Prednisolone with vs without pentoxifylline and survival of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2013;310:1033-41
  • Watanabe K, Uchida Y, Sugawara K, et al. Sequential therapy consisting of glucocorticoid infusions followed by granulocyte–monocyte absorptive apheresis in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. J Gastroenterol 2017;52:830-7
  • Bala S, Petrasek J, Mundkur S, et al. Circulating microRNAs in exosomes indicate hepatocyte injury and inflammation in alcoholic, drug-induced, and inflammatory liver diseases. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2012;56:1946-57
  • Lippai D, Bala S, Catalano D, et al. Micro-RNA-155 deficiency prevents alcohol-induced serum endotoxin increase and small bowel inflammation in mice. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 2014;38:2217-24
  • Cardoso AL, Guedes JR, Pereira de Almeida L, et al. miR-155 modulates microglia-mediated immune response by down-regulating SOCS-1 and promoting cytokine and nitric oxide production. Immunology 2012;135:73-88
  • Marques-Rocha JL, Samblas M, Milagro FI, et al. Noncoding RNAs, cytokines, and inflammation-related diseases. FASEB J 2015;29:3595-611
  • Nahid MA, Satoh M, Chan EKL. MicroRNA in TLR signaling and endotoxin tolerance. Cell Mol Immunol 2011;8:388-403
  • Bell S, Mehta G, Moore K, et al. Ten-year alcohol consumption typologies and trajectories of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist over the following 12 years: a prospective cohort study. J Intern Med 2017;281:75-85
  • Iracheta-Vellve A, Petrasek J, Gyogyosi B, et al. Interleukin-1 inhibition facilitates recovery from liver injury and promotes regeneration of hepatocytes in alcoholic hepatitis in mice. Liver Int 2017;37:968-73
  • Liu LQ, Fan ZQ, Tang YF, et al. The resveratrol attenuates ethanol-induced hepatocyte apoptosis via inhibiting ER-related caspase-12 activation and PDE activity in vitro. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 2014;38:683-93
  • Verma VK, Li H, Wang R, et al. Alcohol stimulates macrophage activation through caspase-dependent hepatocyte derived release of CD40L containing extracellular vesicles. J Hepatol 2016;64:651-60
  • Barreyro FJ, Holod S, Finocchietto PV, et al. The pan-caspase inhibitor Emricasan (IDN-6556) decreases liver injury and fibrosis in a murine model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Liver Int 2015;35:953-66
  • Frenette C, Morelli G, Shiffman M, et al. Emricasan (IDN-6556) orally for three months in patients with cirrhosis and MELD scores 11–18 improves clinical parameters of cirrhosis in patients with baseline Meld score ≥15. J Hepatol 2016;64:S210
  • Nguyen-Khac E, Thevenot T, Piquet MA, et al. Glucocorticoids plus N-acetylcysteine in severe alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med 2011;365:1781-9
  • Higuera-de la Tijera F, Servin-Caamano AI, Serralde-Zuniga AE, et al. Metadoxine improves the three- and six-month survival rates in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:4975-85
  • Goh ET, Morgan MY. Review article: pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence – the why, the what and the wherefore. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017;45:865-82
  • Tkachenko P, Maevskaya M, Pavlov A, et al. Prednisolone plus S-adenosil-L-methionine in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatol Int 2016;10:983-7
  • Ghorbani Z, Hajizadeh M, Hekmatdoost A. Dietary supplementation in patients with alcoholic liver disease: a review on current evidence. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2016;15:348-60
  • McClain C, Vatsalya V, Cave M. Role of zinc in the development/progression of alcoholic liver disease. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol 2017;15:285-95
  • Zhong W, McClain CJ, Cave M, et al. The role of zinc deficiency in alcohol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010;298:G625-33
  • Forsyth CB, Voigt RM, Shaikh M, et al. Role for intestinal CYP2E1 in alcohol-induced circadian gene-mediated intestinal hyperpermeability. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2013;305:G185-95
  • Kim YD, Hwang SL, Lee EJ, et al. Melatonin ameliorates alcohol-induced bile acid synthesis by enhancing miR-497 expression. J Pineal Res 2017;62:e0178033
  • Kelly GS. Bovine colostrums: a review of clinical uses. Altern Med Rev 2003;8:378-94
  • Struff WG, Sprotte G. Bovine colostrum as a biologic in clinical medicine: a review – part II: clinical studies. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008;46:211-25
  • Safety and efficacy of IMM 124-E for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (TREAT). 2013. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01968382?view=record [Last accessed 3 February 2018]
  • Ali AH, Carey EJ, Lindor KD. Recent advances in the development of farnesoid X receptor agonists. Ann Transl Med 2015;3:5
  • Wu W, Zhu B, Peng X, et al. Activation of farnesoid X receptor attenuates hepatic injury in a murine model of alcoholic liver disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014;443:68-73
  • Nevens F, Andreone P, Mazzella G, et al. A placebo-controlled trial of obeticholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis. N Engl J Med 2016;375:631-43
  • Li X, Li X, Shang Q, et al. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could reverse the severity of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) via oxidative stress modulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2017;108:32-43
  • Ferrere G, Wrzosek L, Cailleux F, et al. Fecal microbiota manipulation prevents dysbiosis and alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. J Hepatol 2017;66:806-15
  • Philips CA, Pande A, Shasthry SM, et al. Healthy donor fecal microbiota transplantation in steroid-ineligible severe alcoholic hepatitis: a pilot study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15:600-2
  • Chassaing B, Etienne-Mesmin L, Gewirtz AT. Microbiota–liver axis in hepatic disease. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2014;59:328-39
  • Kwak DS, Jun DW, Seo JG, et al. Short-term probiotic therapy alleviates small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, but does not improve intestinal permeability in chronic liver disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;26:1353-9
  • Lowe PP, Gyongyosi B, Satishchandran A, et al. Alcohol-related changes in the intestinal microbiome influence neutrophil infiltration, inflammation and steatosis in early alcoholic hepatitis in mice. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0174544
  • Parker R, Im G, Jones F, et al. Clinical and microbiological features of infection in alcoholic hepatitis: an international cohort study. J Gastroenterol 2017;52:1192-200
  • Cano PG, Santacruz A, Trejo FM, et al. Bifidobacterium CECT 7765 improves metabolic and immunological alterations associated with obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21:2310-21
  • Ukena SN, Singh A, Dringenberg U, et al. Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 inhibits leaky gut by enhancing mucosal integrity. PLoS One 2007;2:e1308
  • Yang AM, Inamine T, Hochrath K, et al. Intestinal fungi contribute to development of alcoholic liver disease. J Clin Invest 2017;127:2829-41
  • Weeks SR, Sun Z, McCaul ME, et al. Liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis, updated lessons from the world’s largest series. J Am Coll Surg 2018: published online 1 February 2018, doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.12.044
  • Teixeira HR, Marques DM, Lopes AR, et al. Anxiety and stress levels on liver transplantation candidates. Transplant Proc 2016;48:2333-7
  • Artru F, Louvet A, Mathurin P. Liver transplantation for patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Liver Int 2017;37:337-9
  • Lee BP, Chen PH, Haugen C, et al. Three-year results of a pilot program in early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis. Ann Surg 2017;265:20-9
  • Ursic-Bedoya J, Faure S, Donnadieu-Rigole H, et al. Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: lessons learned and unresolved issues. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:10994-1002
  • Watt KD, Pedersen RA, Kremers WK, et al. Long-term probability of and mortality from de novo malignancy after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 2009;137:2010-17
  • Im GY, Kim-Schluger L, Shenoy A, et al. Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis in the United States – a single-center experience. Am J Transplant 2016;16:841-9
  • Singh V, Sharma AK, Narasimhan RL, et al. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized pilot study. Am J Gastroenterol 2014;109:1417-23
  • Moreau R, Rautou PE. G-CSF therapy for severe alcoholic hepatitis: targeting liver regeneration or neutrophil function? Am J Gastroenterol 2014;109:1424-6
  • Garg V, Garg H, Khan A, et al. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilizes CD34(+) cells and improves survival of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Gastroenterology 2012;142:505-12.e1
  • Liu Y, Verma VK, Malhi H, et al. Lipopolysaccharide downregulates macrophage-derived IL-22 to modulate alcohol-induced hepatocyte cell death. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017;313:C305-13
  • Gao B, Tsukamoto H. Inflammation in alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: friend or foe? Gastroenterology 2016;150:1704-9
  • Ki SH, Park O, Zheng M, et al. Interleukin-22 treatment ameliorates alcoholic liver injury in a murine model of chronic-binge ethanol feeding: role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2010;52:1291-300
  • Liu H, Ye Z, Kim Y, et al. Generation of endoderm-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells from primary hepatocytes. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2010;51:1810-19
  • Lin C, Ballinger KR, Khetani SR. The application of engineered liver tissues for novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015;10:519-40
  • Kamimura K, Imai M, Sakamaki A, et al. Granulocytapheresis for the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis: a case series and literature review. Dig Dis Sci 2014;59:482-8
  • Morris JM, Dickson S, Neilson M, et al. Granulocytapheresis in the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis: a case series. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010;22:457-60
  • Pares A, Mas A. Extracorporeal liver support in severe alcoholic hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:8011-17
  • Banares R, Nevens F, Larsen FS, et al. Extracorporeal albumin dialysis with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system in acute-on-chronic liver failure: the RELIEF trial. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2013;57:1153-62
  • Mukhopadhyay P, Rajesh M, Cao Z, et al. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 is a key mediator of liver inflammation and fibrosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2014;59:1998-2009
  • Mukhopadhyay P, Horvath B, Rajesh M, et al. PARP inhibition protects against alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2017;66:589-600
  • Ding RB, Tian K, Huang LL, et al. Herbal medicines for the prevention of alcoholic liver disease: a review. J Ethnopharmacol 2012;144:457-65
  • Madrigal-Santillan E, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Alvarez-Gonzalez I, et al. Review of natural products with hepatoprotective effects. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:14787-804
  • Federico A, Dallio M, Loguercio C. Silymarin/silybin and chronic liver disease: a marriage of many years. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 2017;22:191
  • Lucey MR. Redefining successful treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD) 2017: published online 24 July 2017, doi:10.1002/hep.29398

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.