NOTES AND REFERENCES
- Board of Education. Report of the Departmental Committee on Scholarships andFree Places 1920, Appendix I, Table D.
- Fisher described the contemporary demand in the Commons saying that “All over the country I find the cry goes up: More secondary schools, and again more secondary schools. We cannot build them fast enough to hold the pupils who want to go into them,” Hansard, 5th series, Vol. 119, Col. 1234, 12 August 1919.
- PRO. Ed.23/119: Committee on Scholarships and Free Places (23 October 1919), and Report on Scholarships and Free Places, p. 1.
- Board of Education . 1916 . Report of the Consultative Committee on Scholarships for Higher Education , : 8 – 9 .
- Scholarships and Free Places , 1
- Ibid. , 17
- Ibid. , 17
- Ibid. , 47
- Ibid. , 11 – 13 .
- Board of Education . 1922 . Report of the Consultative Committee on Differentiation of the Curriculum for Boys and Girls respectively in Secondary Schools , : xiii
- Ibid. , xiii
- Ibid. , xiii
- Ibid. , 139
- Ibid. , 62
- See note [12].
- Tawney , R.H. 1922 . Secondary Education for All: A Policy for Labour , : 7
- Labour Party . 1921 . Resolutions of the 21st Annual Conference , : 20
- Tawney, op cit., p. 7.
- Tawney , R.H. 1924 . Education: The Socialist Policy , : 33
- Secondary Education for All , 66
- PRO, Ed. 10/147: written evidence by Cyril Burt with special reference to the age or transfer from the ordinary elementary to the post‐primary schools.
- Board of Education . 1926 . (Hadow Report) . Report of the Consultative Committee on The Education of the Adolescent , : 78 – 79 .
- Ibid. , 91
- Ibid. , 91
- Ibid. , 84
- Ibid. , 131 178
- Ibid. , 177 – 178 .
- PRO , ed. Memorandum on the Education of Children over Elementary by the London Head Teachers’ Association 3 10/147
- Ibid. evidence given by Mr J. W. Headlam‐Morley on 28 November 1924
- Ibid. 14 3 – 4 . (xi): summary of evidence on behalf of the T.U.C. General Council by Mr George Hicks (26 June 1925)
- Anonymous . 1923 . The Labour Party's Aim: a Criticism and a Restatement , : 57 by seven members of the Labour party
- Ibid. , 94
- Ibid. , 94
- 1924 . The.Labour Party . Boys and Girls , : 4
- 1923 . The Nineteenth Century and After , June : 828
- National Union of Conservatives . April 1929 . Election Notes for Conservative Speakers and Workers—General Election 1929 April , Section II, No. V: Education, p. 45. Also see a Conservative Party's leaflet, To All Engaged in the Work of Education (Sun Engraving Co., 1929), p. 1
- National Union of Conservatives, a leaflet, Deeds Not Words, p. 4. This four‐page leaflet has no publication date. The date when the Bodleian Library, Oxford, received the leaflet was June 15 1929.
- 1958 . Eustace Percy . Some Memories , : 94
- Hansard 5th series, Vol. 186, col. 2482 (23 July 1925
- University of Newcastle upon Tyne Library, Trevelyan Papers, Box 129, Notes for Speech on 20 March 1925 (manuscript
- Ibid., Box 176, Speech given at Blenheim Street and Jubilee Road (no town stated) on 12 March 1931.
- Ibid., Box 177, Notes for Speech given on 14 July 1932 (manuscript). See also Box 129, Notes for Speech given on 20 March 1925: he wrote in the notes “it [higher education] must cease to be regarded as primarily an avenue to black‐coated occupation___Educated—quite irrespective of whether work in quarry on Souty [one word illegible] or bank in Halifax, not a token of superiority or respectability.”
- Dean , D.W. 1969 . The difficulties of a labour educational policy: the failure of the Trevelyan Bill, 1929‐31 . British Journal of Educational Studies , XVII ( 3 )
- Trevelyan Papers, Box 176, Speech given on 12 March 1931 (typescript), 7th page. Trevelyan confessed that “from the first I have felt that there has not been in this Government, which ought to have been paving the way for Socialism, the vigour and drive, the enterprise and courage which alone make great changes possible”. He said in the same notes, “what finally drove me to my decision to resign was the quite hopeless declaration recently made by the Chancellor of the Exchequer [Snowden] in favour of economy [That is, setting up the May Committee].”
- Ibid., Box 176, Speech for the Second Reading of Education Bill, p. 14
- Trevelyan , C.P. Education When Labour Rules Again , 6 – 7 .
- Trevelyan Paper, Box 176, Speech given on 12 March 1931.
- PRO, Ed. 24/1651. The three Board officials were M. G. Holmes F. B. Stead, and G. A. N. Lowndes.
- Morgan Jones himself did not use the term ‘multilateral’.
- PRO, Ed. 24/1651: Memorandum prepared by the Parliamentary Secretary.
- Trevelyan Paper, Box 184, Speech called ‘Education in Democracy’, p. 8.
- PRO, Ed. 12/353: Issues of Circular 1421, and Ed. 12/354‐Ed. 12/367: Resolutions and Protests concerning Circular 1421. A detailed analysis of the protests as to the circular may be found in Simon, B. (1974) The Politics of Educational Reform 1920‐1940, pp. 335‐357. There is yet a mistake in his book (p. 335) on PRO files: Resolutions and Protests are deposited in Ed. 12/354ff, not in Ed. 24/352ff.
- PRO, Ed. 12/354: Resolutions of the St Pancras Labour Party.
- Hansard 5th series, Vol. 270, cols 1152‐1156 (16 November 1932
- Ibid., col. 1266.
- Harold , Macmil‐lan . 1966 . Winds of Change, 1914‐1939 , : 373 – 374 . 634 – 636 . For a detailed explanation of the Next Five Years Group, see
- PRO, Ed. 24/1549: Minutes of Cabinet Committee.
- Tawney , R.H. 1936 . The School Age and Exemptions 12 and The School‐Leaving Age and Juvenile Unemployment, 1935 pp. 30‐31
- Trevelyan Paper, Box 181, Notes for Speeches, no date but probably right after issuing the Circular 1444 (January 1936
- University of Leicester Library, The Spens Committee Papers, Minutes 1059 and 1066 of the Full Committee. Also see Joan Simon, ‘The Shaping of the Spens Report on Secondary Education 1933‐38: an Inside View’, Part I in British Journal of Educational Studies, Vol. XXV, No. 1, 1977, and Part II in the same journal, Vol. XXV, No. 2, 1977.
- The Spens Committee Papers, U.53(I): Excerpts from Evidence bearing on Point No. I (The Break at the age of 11+), U.53(II): Excerpts from Evidence bearing on Point No. II (Variety of Type) in Paper No. U.36, and U.53(III): Excerpts from Evidence on Point No. III (the sufficiency or otherwise of places in various types of post‐primary school
- Ibid., U.194: NUT pamphlet: The Future of Post‐Primary Education, U.5(10): Memorandum submitted by the Association of Head Mistresses, U.5(17): Memorandum by the Incorporated Association of Assistant Masters, and U.5(24): the TUC Memorandum.
- Ibid., Minutes of the Committee on 20 February 1935.
- Ibid., Minutes of the First Meeting of the Code Sub‐Committee on 20 March 1936 (University of Leicester Library, Box 5
- Board of Education, Report of the Consultative Committee on Secondary Education with special reference to Grammar Schools and Technical High Schools (Spens Report), 1938, pp. 274, 281, and 339.
- Ibid., pp. 291ff.
- The Spens Committee Paper, Minutes of the Committee on 9 November 1934, 15 and 29 April 1935. Also see Minutes No. 1217 (20 February 1936) for the Committee's consideration of Multilateral Schools as the best means of avoiding such weakness.
- Hearnshaw , L.S. 1979 . Cyril Burt, Psychologist 111ff for the Committee's interest in John Dewey, see the Spens Report, p. 414. Also see the Committee's 1931 report on The Primary School (1956 edn), pp. xxii, 28, 108‐9, 125 and 143.
- Spens Committee Papers, U.217: Memorandum by Brockington on the Relative Cost per head of pupils in Secondary and Central Schools in certain areas (Middlesex, Bradford, Carnarvon, Lancashire, Manchester, and West Riding
- Spens Report, pp. xxx‐xxxii.
- Spens Committee Papers, U.53(II): Memorandum by Mr Holmes and Mr Duckworth, p. 4.
- Rubinstein , D. and Simon , B. 1969 . The Evolution of the Comprehensive School 1926‐1966 15
- William Brockington was in close touch with the NUT and Shena Simon was corresponding with R. H. Tawney and other Labour organisations. For this see Joan Simon's articles mentioned in note [59].
- Spens Committee Papers, U.94: Memorandum of the Scottish Education Department, and U.95: Notes by Mr J. A. White on the Scottish Schools visited May 31‐June 4 1934.
- [74] Ibid., U.163: Note by Mr Brockington on the combined Grammar and Modern School (i.e. small multilateral school), p. 1.
- Ibid., Minutes No. 1217 (20 February 1936) and No. 1223 (19 March 1938
- For several reasons of the Committee's rejection, see the Spens Report, pp. 291‐292
- Spens Committee Papers, U.5 (20): Memorandum by Eustace Percy on 17 May 1934, pp. 3‐5. He continued to insist that “The very fact that all pupils between the ages of 11 and 15 would be receiving education in the same grade of school offering, broadly, the same varieties of opportunity, would tend to eliminate jealousies and inferiority complexes” (p. 7); Percy's plan seems in some respects to foreshadow the Leicestershire Plan adopted in the late 1950s.
- Ibid., Box 4: Draft of Report, Suggested Preamble to the Chapter on Administrative Problems by Simon (no number but it is kept vetween U.401 and U.402
- Hansard, 5th series, Vol. 343, cols 1769‐1770 (15 February 1939
- Op. cit. 350, cols 2528‐2529 (2 August 1939) and Vol. 343, cols 1755‐1808.