REFERENCES
- Aitkin , M. and Longford , N. 1986 . Statistical modelling in school effectiveness studies . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, A , 149 : 1 – 43 .
- Bardell , G.S. , Forrest , G.M. and Shoesmith , D.J. 1978 . Comparability in GCSE , Manchester : Joint Matriculation Board .
- Cresswell , M.J. 1996 . “ Defining, setting and maintaining standards in curriculumembedded examinations ” . In Assessment: problems, developments and statistical issues , Edited by: Goldstein , H. and Lewis , T. Chichester : Wiley .
- Elley , W.B. and Livingstone , I.D. 1972 . External Examinations and Internal Assessments: alternative plans for reform , Wellington : New Zealand Council for Educational Research .
- FitzGibbon , C.T. 1992 . “ School effects at A‐level: genesis of an information system? ” . In School Effectiveness, Research Policy and Practice , Edited by: Reynolds , D. and Cuttance , P. London : Cassell .
- FitzGibbon , C.T. and Vincent , L. 1994 . Candidates’ Performance in Public Examinations in Mathematics and Science , London : School Curriculum and Assessment Authority .
- Forrest , G.M. and Vickerman , C. 1982 . Standards in GCE: subject pairs comparisons, 1972‐80, , Manchester : Joint Matriculation Board . occasional Publication No. 39
- Goldstein , H. and Thomas , S. 1995 . Using examination results as indicators of school and college performance . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, A , 159 : 149 – 163 .
- Goldstein , H. and Wood , R. 1989 . Five decades of item response modelling . Brit. J., Math, and Statist. Psychol. , 42 : 139 – 67 .
- Holland , P.W. and Rubin , D.B. 1982 . Test Equating , New York : Academic Press .
- Newbould , C.A. 1982 . Subject preferences, sex differences and comparability of standards . British Educational Research Journal , 8 : 141 – 146 .
- Nuttall , D.L. , Backhouse , J.K. and Willmott , A.S. 1974 . Comparability of Standards Between Subjects , London : Evans/ Methuen Educational . Schools Council Examinations Bulletin 29
- Tymms , P.B. and Vincent , L. 1995 . Comparing Examination Boards and Syllabuses at A‐level: technical report , Belfast : Northern Ireland Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment .
- Wood , R. 1976 . Your chemistry equals my French . Times Educational Supplement , 30 July 1976