563
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Language of the unheard: police-recorded protests in South Africa, 1997–2013

Le langage de ceux qui ne sont pas entendus : les manifestations recensées par la police en Afrique du Sud entre 1997 et 2013

ORCID Icon

References

  • Alexander, Peter. 2010. “Rebellion of the Poor: South Africa’s Service Delivery Protests – A Preliminary Analysis.” Review of African Political Economy 37 (123): 25–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/03056241003637870.
  • Alexander, Peter. 2013. “Marikana, Turning Point in South African History.” Review of African Political Economy 40 (138): 605–619. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2013.860893.
  • Alexander, Peter. 2015. “South Africa’s Twin Rebellions: Bifurcated Protest.” OpenDemocracy. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/south-africas-twin-rebellions-bifurcated-protest/.
  • Alexander, Peter, and Peter Pfaffe. 2014. “Social Relationships to the Means and Ends of Protest in South Africa’s Ongoing Rebellion of the Poor: The Balfour Insurrections.” Social Movement Studies 13 (2): 204–221. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2013.820904.
  • Alexander, Peter, Carin Runciman, and Boitumelo Maruping. 2015. South African Police Service (SAPS) Data on Crowd Incidents: A Preliminary Analysis. Johannesburg: Social Change Unit, University of Johannesburg.
  • Alexander, Peter, Carin Runciman, Boikanyo Moloto, Kgothatso Mokgele, and Nicole van Staden. 2018. “Frequency and Turmoil: South Africa’s Community Protests 2005–2017.” South African Crime Quarterly 63: 27–42.
  • Bekker, Martin. 2021. “Better, Faster, Stronger: Using Machine Learning to Analyse Police-recorded Protest Data.” South African Review of Sociology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2021.1982762.
  • Biggs, Michael. 2018. “Size Matters: Quantifying Protest by Counting Participants.” Sociological Methods & Research 47 (3): 351–383. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124116629166.
  • Bond, Patrick, and Shauna Mottiar. 2013. “Movements, Protests and a Massacre in South Africa.” Journal of Contemporary African Studies 31 (2): 283–302.
  • Booysen, Susan. 2007. “With the Ballot and the Brick: The Politics of Attaining Service Delivery.” Progress in Development Studies 7 (1): 21–32.
  • Bruce, David. 2016. “Public Order Transparency: Using Freedom of Information Laws to Analyse the Policing of Protest.” SA Crime Quarterly 58: 23–33. doi:https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2016/v0n58a1508.
  • Dawson, Hanna. 2014. “Patronage from Below: Political Unrest in an Informal Settlement in South Africa.” African Affairs 113 (453): 518–539.
  • De Juan, Alexander, and Eva Wegner. 2019. “Social Inequality, State-centered Grievances, and Protest: Evidence from South Africa.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 63 (1): 31–58.
  • Deegan, Heather. 2001. The Politics of the New South Africa: Apartheid and After. Durban: Pearson Education.
  • Duncan, Jane. 2016. Protest Nation: The Right to Protest in South Africa. Durban: University of KwaZulu Natal Press.
  • Düvenhage, André. 2016. “The South African Political Environment: Strategy Perspectives.” Tydskrif Vir Geesteswetenskappe 56 (4-1): 905–927. doi:https://doi.org/10.17159/2224-7912/2016/v56n4-1a3.
  • Fox, Sean, and Andrew Bell. 2016. “Urban Geography and Protest Mobilization in Africa.” Political Geography 53: 54–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.POLGEO.2016.02.004.
  • Friedman, Steven. 2013. “Calm Down, the Poor are not about to Revolt.” Business Day, May 16. http://www.bdlive.co.za/opinion/columnists/2013/05/15/calm-down-the-poor-are-not-about-to-revolt.
  • Heese, Karen, and Kevin Allan. 2012. “Engage Citizens to Stem Rise in Violent Protests.” Business Day. June 22. www.municipaliq.co.za/index.php?site_page=article.php&id=53.
  • Hough, Mike. 2008. “Violent Protest at Local Government Level in South Africa: Revolutionary Potential?” Scientia Militaria: South African Journal of Military 36 (1): 1–14.
  • ILO Online (International Labour Organization). 2012. International Labour Organisation Data 2012. https://bit.ly/3aEklDR.
  • Lancaster, Lizette. 2018. “Unpacking Discontent: Where and why Protest Happens in South Africa.” South African Crime Quarterly 64: 29–44.
  • Langa, Malose, and Peace Kiguwa. 2013. “Violent Masculinities and Service Delivery Protests in Post-apartheid South Africa: A Case Study of Two Communities in Mpumalanga.” Agenda 27 (1): 20–31.
  • Leonard, Llewellyn, and Mark Pelling. 2010. “Mobilisation and Protest: Environmental Justice in Durban, South Africa.” Local Environment 15 (2): 137–151.
  • Mattes, Robert. 2014. “The 2014 Election and South African Democracy.” In Election 2014 South Africa: The Campaigns, Results and Future Prospects, edited by Roger Southall, and Colette Schulz-Herzenberg, 20–41. Jacana: Pretoria.
  • Ngwane, Trevor. 2011. Ideology and Agency in Protest Politics: Service Delivery Struggles in Post-apartheid South Africa. Durban: University of KwaZulu Natal.
  • Noble, Michael, and Gemma Wright. 2013. “Ring of Fire: Socially Perceived Necessities in Informal Urban Settlements in South Africa.” Policy and Politics 41 (2): 259–277.
  • Nyar, Annsilla, and Chris Wray. 2016. “Article Understanding Protest Action: Some Data Collection Challenges for South Africa.” Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 80 (1): 22–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.1353/trn.2012.0050.
  • Odendaal, Andries. 2016. “South Africa’s Incomplete Peace.” In The Palgrave Handbook of Disciplinary and Regional Approaches to Peace, edited by Oliver Richmond, Sandra Pogodda, and Jasmin Ramovic, 287–298. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Omar, Bilkis. 2007. “SAPS’ Costly Restructuring: A Review of Public Order Policing Capacity.” Institute for Security Studies Monographs no. 138. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. https://issafrica.s3.amazonaws.com/site/uploads/M138FULL.PDF.
  • Pithouse, Richard. 2008. “A Politics of the Poor: Shack Dwellers’ Struggles in Durban.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 43 (1): 63–94.
  • Pithouse, Richard. 2011. “On the Murder of Andries Tatane.” The South African Civil Society Information Service. https://sacsis.org.za/site/article/655.1.
  • Powell, D. M., Michael O'Donovan, and Jaap De Visser. 2015. Civic Protests Barometer 2007–2014. Cape Town: MLGI.
  • Raschka, Sebastian, and Vahid Mirajalili. 2017. Python Machine Learning: Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python, Scikit-learn and TensorFlow, 2nd ed. Birmingham: Packt.
  • Republic of South Africa: Government Gazette. 1993. “Regulation of Gatherings Act 205 of 1993.” https://www.saps.gov.za/resource_centre/acts/downloads/juta/a205of1993.pdf.
  • Rodrigues, Christopher. 2010. “‘Black Boers’ and other Revolutionary Songs.” Mail & Guardian. April 5. https://thoughtleader.co.za/chrisrodrigues/2010/04/05/on-revolutionary-songs/.
  • Runciman, Carin, Peter Alexander, Mahlatse Rampedi, Boikanyo Moloto, Boitumelo Maruping, Eunice Khumalo, and Sehlaphi Sibanda. 2016. Counting Police-recorded Protests Based on South African Police Service Data. Johannesburg: University of Johannesburg Centre for Social Change.
  • SAIRR (South African Institute for Race Relations). 2015. “Social Protests on the Rise in South Africa.” Press release, May 26.
  • Sales, William. 1984. “Making South Africa Ungovernable ANC Strategy for the '80s.” The Black Scholar 15 (6): 2–14.
  • Seedat, Mohamed, Ashley van Niekerk, Rachel Jewkes, Shahnaaz Suffla, and Kopano Ratele. 2009. “Violence and Injuries in South Africa: Prioritising an Agenda for Prevention.” The Lancet 374 (9694): 1011–1122.
  • South African Police Service (SAPS). 2014. Annual Report 2013/14 Financial Year. Pretoria: South African Police Service.
  • Tarrow, Sydney. 1989. Democracy and Disorder: Social Conflict, Political Protest and Democracy in Italy, 1968–1988. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Tsheola, J. P. 2012. “Theorising a Democratic Developmental State: Issues of Public Service Delivery Planning and Violent Protests in South Africa.” Journal of Public Administration 47 (1): 161–179.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.