Generic Cognitive Abilities in Higher Education: An international analysis of skills sought by stakeholders

References

• AACSB . 1987 . Outcome Measurement Project, Phase III Report , St Louis , MI : American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business .
   Google Scholar
• AGR . 1995 . Skills for Graduates in the 21st Century , Cambridge : Association of Graduate Recruiters .
   Google Scholar
• ALEXANDER , J. M. and STARK , J. S. 1986 . Focusing on Student Academic Outcomes: a working paper , Ann Arbor , MI : National Center for Research to Improve Post Secondary Teaching and Learning .
   Google Scholar
• ALVERNO COLLEGE FACULTY . 1994 . Student Assessment-as-Learning at Alverno College , Milwaukee , WI : Alverno College Institute .
   Google Scholar
• ANDREWS , J. N. 1990 . General Thinking Skills: are there such things? . Journal of Philosophy of Education , 24 (1) : 71 – 79 .
   Google Scholar
• ANNETT , J. and SPARROW , J. 1985 . R & D No 23 Transfer of Learning and Training: basic issues: policy implications; how to promote transfer , Sheffield : Manpower Services Commission .
   Google Scholar
• AUSTIN , J. , BATES , R. and STEVENS , C. 1997 . “ Trans European Skills Definition Compilation ” . In Growth by Degree. Leonardo da Vinci Interim Report for European Commission Edited by: HOBROUGH , J. [quoted in Hobrough & Bates (1998)]
   Google Scholar
• AUSTRALIAN HIGHER EDUCATION COUNCIL . 1992 . Achieving Quality. National Board of Employment, Education and Training , Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service .
   Google Scholar
• BARNETT , R. 1994 . The Limits of Competence: knowledge, higher education and society , Buckingham : SRHE and Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• BARRETT , G. V. and DEPINET , R. L. 1991 . A reconsideration of testing for competence rather than for intelligence . American Psychologist , 46 (10) : 1012 – 1024 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BARROW , R. 1989 . Skill talk . Journal of Philosophy of Education , 21 (2) : 187 – 199 .
   Google Scholar
• BENNETT , N. , DUNNE , E. and CARRÉ , C. 2000 . Skills Development in Higher Education and Employment , Buckingham : SRHE and Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• BILLING , D. 'Core'/'Key' Skills-Transferable or Not? . paper presented at SRHE Annual Conference, HE Futures: Policy Prospects & Institutional Change . December . University of Leicester .
   Google Scholar
• BORTHWICK , J. 1993 . “ Key competencies: uncovering the bridge between general and vocational ” . In Competencies: the competencies debate in Australian education and training , Edited by: COLLINS , C. Canberra : Australian College of Education .
   Google Scholar
• BOSCH , I. K. , DU PLESSIS , A. P. , Louw , L. and VENTER , D. J. L. 1998 . Empirical perspectives on the educational needs in business management . South African Journal of Higher Education , 12 (2) : 126 – 135 .
   Google Scholar
• BOYATZIS , R. E. 1995 . “ Cornerstones of change: building the path for self-directed learning ” . In Innovation in Professional Education-Steps on a Journey from Teaching to Learning: the story of change and invention at the Weatherhead School of Management , Edited by: BOYATZIS , R. E. , COWEN , S. S. and KOLB , D. A. San Francisco , CA : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• BRADSHAW , D. 1985 . Transferable intellectual and personal skills . Oxford Review of Education , 11 (2) : 201 – 216 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRIDGES , D. 1993 . Transferable skills: a philosophical perspective . Studies in Higher Education , 18 (1) : 43 – 51 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CARR , M. and CLAXTON , G. 2002 . Tracking the development of learning dispositions, Assessment in Education: principles . policy and practice , 9 (1) : 9 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• CATTELL , R. B. 1971 . Abilities: their structure, growth and action , Boston , MA : Houghton Mifflin .
   Google Scholar
• CBI . 1994 . Thinking Ahead: ensuring the expansion of higher education into the 21st century , London : Confederation of British Industry .
   Google Scholar
• CEQ , S. J. and LIKER , J. 1986 . “ Academic and non-academic intelligence: an experimental separation ” . In Practical Intelligence , Edited by: STERNBERG , R. and WAGNER , R. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• CHI-KlM , C. and LEWIS , D. 1998 . Expectations of employers of high school leavers in Hong Kong . Journal of Vocational Education and Training , 50 (91) : 97 – 112 .
   Google Scholar
• COFFIELD , F. 2002 . Skills for the future? I've got a little list, Assessment in Education: principles . policy and practice , 9 (1) : 39 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• COMMITTEE OF VICE-CHANCELLORS AND PRINCIPALS (CVCP) . 1994 . Strategy Paper on Vocational Higher Education , London : CVCP .
   Google Scholar
• COMMITTEE OF VICE-CHANCELLORS AND PRINCIPALS (CVCP) . 1998 . Skills Development in Higher Education , London : CVCP .
   Google Scholar
• COUNCIL FOR INDUSTRY AND HIGHER EDUCATION (CIHE) . 1990 . Towards a Partnership. The Humanities for the Working World , London : CIHE .
   Google Scholar
• COUNCIL FOR NATIONAL ACADEMIC AWARDS (CNAA) . 1979 . Principles and Regulations for the Award of the Council's First Degrees and Diploma of Higher Education , London : CNAA .
   Google Scholar
• DE LA FUENTE , G. 1995 . Higher education and employment in Spain . European Journal of Education , 30 (2) : 217 – 233 .
   Google Scholar
• DONALD , J. G. 1992 . The development of thinking processes in postsecondary education: application of a working model . Higher Education , 24 : 413 – 430 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EVERWUN , S. E. M. , BOMERS , G. B. J. and KNUBBEN , J. A. 1993 . Ability- or competence-based education: bridging the gap between knowledge acquisition and ability to apply . Higher Education , 25 : 425 – 438 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FIELD , M. and LEE , R. 1992 . Assessment of interdisciplinary programmes . European Journal of Education , 27 (3) : 277 – 283 .
   Google Scholar
• RAVELL , J. H. 1987 . “ Speculation about the nature and development of metacognition ” . In Metacognition, Motivation and Understanding , Edited by: WHNERT , F. E. and KLUWE , R. H. Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• FORREST , A. and STEELE , J. M. 1982 . Defining and Measuring General Education, Knowledge and Skills , Iowa City , IA : The American College Testing Programme .
   Google Scholar
• FREDERICKSEN , N. 1986 . “ Towards a broader conception of human intelligence ” . In Practical Intelligence , Edited by: STERNBERG , R. and WAGNER , R. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• GAFF , J. G. 1983 . General Education Today: a critical analysis of controversies, practices and reforms , San Francisco , CA : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• GICK , M. L. and HOLYOAK , K. J. 1987 . “ The cognitive basis of knowledge transfer ” . In Transfer of Learning: contemporary research and applications , Edited by: CORMIER , S. M. and HAGMAN , J. D. San Diego , CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gow , K. and MCDONALD , P. 2000 . Attributes required of graduates for the future workplace . Journal of Vocational Education and Training , 52 (3) : 373 – 394 .
   Google Scholar
• GREEN , S. 1990 . Analysis of Transferable Personal Skills Requested by Employers in Graduate Recruitment Advertisements in June 1985 , Sheffield : University of Sheffield, Personal Skills Unit .
   Google Scholar
• GRIFFIN , A. 1994 . “ Transferring learning in higher education: problems and possibilities ” . In Academic Community: discourse or discord? , Edited by: BARNETT , R. London : Jessica Kingsley .
   Google Scholar
• GUTIERREZ , R. A. 1984 . Universidad y Empleo [University and Employment] . Revista de Education , 273 : 65 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• HARTIGAN , J. A. and WIGDOR , A. K. , eds. 1989 . Fairness in Employment Testing , Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• HARVEY , L. and GREEN , D. 1994 . Employer Satisfaction: summary , Birmingham : Quality in Higher Education Project, University of Central England .
   Google Scholar
• HARVEY , L. , MOON , S. and GEALL , V. 1997 . Graduates' Work: organisational change and students' attributes , Birmingham : The University of Central England, Centre for Research into Quality .
   Google Scholar
• HESKETH , A. J. 2000 . Recruiting an elite? Employers' perceptions of graduate education and training . Journal of Education and Work , 13 (3) : 245 – 271 .
   Google Scholar
• HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY COUNCIL (HEQC) . 1995 . Graduate Standards Programme: interim report , London : HEQC .
   Google Scholar
• HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY COUNQL (HEQC) . 1996 . What Are Graduates? Clarifying the Attributes of 'Graduateness'. A Paper to Stimulate Discussion , London : Quality Enhancement Group, HEQC .
   Google Scholar
• HIRSCHFELD , L. A. and GELMAN , S. A. 1994 . “ Toward a topography of mind: an introduction to domain specificity ” . In Mapping the Mind: domain specificity in cognition and culture , Edited by: HIRSQIFELD , L. A. and GELMAN , S. A. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• HIRST , P. H. 1965 . “ Liberal education and the nature of knowledge ” . In Philosophical Analysis and Education , Edited by: ARCHAMBAULT , R. D. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• HOBROUGH , I. and BATES , R. 1998 . Progression of skills and competencies through university to employment . Industry and Higher Education , 12 (5) : 290 – 296 .
   Google Scholar
• HOFSTEDE , G. 1994 . Cultures and Organizations , London : Harper Collins .
   Google Scholar
• HOLMES , L. 1994 . “ Competence, qualifications and transfer-ability: beyond the limits of functional analysis ” . In Transferable Skills in Higher Education , Edited by: BRIDGES , D. Norwich : University of East Anglia .
   Google Scholar
• HUNTER , J. E. 1986 . Cognitive ability, cognitive aptitudes, job knowledge, and job performance . Journal of Vocational Behavior , 29 : 340 – 362 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HUNTER , I. E. and HUNTER , R. F. 1984 . Validity and utility of alternative predictors of job performance . Psychological Bulletin , 96 : 72 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HYLAND , T. and JOHNSON , S. 1998 . Of cabbages and key skills: exploding the mythology of core transferable skills in post-school education . Journal of Further and Higher Education , 22 (2) : 163 – 172 .
   Google Scholar
• INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (IRDAC) . 1990 . Skills Shortages in Europe , Brussels : IRDAC .
   Google Scholar
• JOHANNISSON , B. , LANDSTROM , H. and ROSENBERG , J. 1998 . University training for entrepreneurship-an action frame of reference . European Journal of Engineering Education , 23 (4) : 477 – 496 .
   Google Scholar
• KARPIN , D. 1995 . Enterprising Nation. Report of the Industry Task Force on Leadership and Managemen Skills , Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service .
   Google Scholar
• KEMP , N. D. 1999 . The identification of the most important non-technical skills required by entry-level engineering students when they assume employment . South African Journal of Higher Education , 13 (1) : 178 – 186 .
   Google Scholar
• KLEMP , G. O. Competence in Context: identifying core skills for the future . Conference on General National Vocational Qualifications: Core Skills in Higher Education . April , York .
   Google Scholar
• KLEMP , G. O. and MCCLELLAND , D. C. 1986 . “ What characterises intelligent functioning among senior managers? ” . In Practical Intelligence , Edited by: STERNBERG , R. and WAGNER , R. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• MANNINEN , J. and HOBROUGH , J. 2000 . Skills gaps and overflows? A European perspective of graduate skills and employment in SMEs . Industry and Higher Education , 14 (1) : 51 – 57 .
   Google Scholar
• MCCLELLAND , D. C. 1985 . Human Motivation , Glenview , IL : Scott, Foresman .
   Google Scholar
• McPECK , J. 1987 . Critical Thinking and Education , Oxford : Martin Robertson .
   Google Scholar
• MENTKOWSKI , M. and ROGERS , G. 1993 . Connecting education, work and citizenship: how assessment can help . Metropolitan Universities: An International Forum , 4 (1) : 34 – 46 .
   Google Scholar
• MINTZBERG , H. 1983 . Structures in Fives: designing effective organizations , Englewood Cliffs , NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• NATIONAL COMMTTTEE OF INQUIRY INTO HIGHER EDUCATION (NCIHE) . 1997 . Higher Education in the Learning Society: summary report of the National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education ('Dealing Committee') , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS (NCVQ) . 1996 . Core Skills in GNVQs: Principles and Practice , London : NCVQ .
   Google Scholar
• NATIONAL OFFICE SKILLS FORMATION ADVISORY BOARD (NOSFAB) . 1994 . Improving Training: a blueprint for the clerical-administrative workforce , Melbourne : NOSFAB .
   Google Scholar
• OUCHI , W. 1980 . Markets, bureaucracies and clans . Administrative Science Quarterly , 25 (1) : 129 – 141 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PERKINS , D. N. and SALOMON , G. 1989 . Are cognitive skills context-bound? . Educational Researcher , 18 (10) : 16 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• ROYAL SOCIETY . 1993 . Higher Education Futures , London : The Royal Society .
   Google Scholar
• ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES AND COMMERCE (RSA) . 1979 . Education for Capability Manifesto , London : RSA .
   Google Scholar
• SCHOOL CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY (SCAA) . 1996 . Review of Qualifications for 16-19 Year Olds; summary report ('Dearing Report') , Hayes : SCAA .
   Google Scholar
• SECRETARY'S COMMISSION ON ACHIEVING NECESSARY SKILLS (SCANS) . 1991 . What Work Requires of Schools: Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills , Washington, DC : US Department of Labor .
   Google Scholar
• SPENCER , L. M JR and SPENCER , S. M. 1993 . Competence at Work: models for superior performance , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• STANDING CONFERENCE OF EMPLOYERS OF GRADUATES (SCOEG) . 1985 . Response of the Standing Conference of Employers of Graduates to the Green Paper on the Development of Higher Education into the 1990s , London : SCOEG .
   Google Scholar
• STASZ , C. 1997 . Do employers need the skills they want? Evidence from technical work . Journal of Education and Work , 10 (3) : 205 – 224 .
   Google Scholar
• STASZ , C. , RAMSEY , K. , EDEN , R. , MELAMID , E. and KAGANOFF , T. 1996 . Workplace Skills in Practice: case studies of technical work , Santa Monica , CA : RAND . National Center for Research in Vocational Education, University of California at Berkeley) [quoted in Bennett et al. (2000)]
   Google Scholar
• STERNBERG , R. J. 1999 . Intelligence as developing expertise . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 24 : 359 – 375 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SWARTZ , R. J. 1991 . “ Structured teaching for critical thinking and reasoning in standard subject area instruction ” . In Informal Reasoning and Education , Edited by: Voss , J. F. , PERKINS , D. N. and SEGAL , J. W. Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• TATE , A. and THOMPSON , I. E. 1994 . “ The application of enterprise skills in the workplace ” . In The Student Experience , Edited by: HASELGROVE , S. Buckingham : Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• TRAINING AGENCY . 1989 . Enterprise in Higher Education, 1988-89 , Sheffield : Training Agency .
   Google Scholar
• UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMITTEE (UGC) . 1984 . A Strategy for Higher Education into the 1990s. A Joint Statement by the University Grants Committee and the National Advisory Body for Local Authority Higher Education , London : UGC and NAB .
   Google Scholar
• VAN DER HEIIEN , B. I. J. M. 2000 . The development and psychometric evaluation of a multidimensional measuring instrument of professional expertise . Higher Ability Studies , 11 (1) : 9 – 39 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WATSON , G. and GLASER , E. 1964 . Critical Thinking Appraisal , New York : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich .
   Google Scholar
• WEE , D. 1981 . On General Education: guidelines for reform , New Haven : The Society for Values in Higher Education .
   Google Scholar
• WAGNER , R. K. 1986 . “ The search for intraterrestrial intelligence ” . In Practical Intelligence , Edited by: STERNBERG , R. and WAGNER , R. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar