Understanding windows for global policy: an examination of the Free-Semester Program in Korea

References

• Anderson-Levitt, K., S. Bonnéry, and S. Fichtner. 2017. “Introduction to the Dossier. “Competence-Based” Approaches as “Traveling” Reforms: Ideas, Trajectories and Practices in Implementation.” Cahiers De La Recherche Sur L’éducation Et Les Savoirs 16: 27–45.
   Google Scholar
• Bache, I., and L. Reardon. 2013. “An Idea Whose Time Has Come? Explaining the Rise of Well-Being in British Politics.” Political Studies 61 (4): 898–914. doi:10.1111/1467-9248.12001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baek, C., B. Hörmann, B. Karseth, O. Pizmony-Levy, K. Sivesind, and G. Steiner-Khamsi. 2018. “Policy Learning in Norwegian School Reform: A Social Network Analysis of the 2020 Incremental Reform.” Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy 4 (1): 24–37. doi:10.1080/20020317.2017.1412747.
   Google Scholar
• Ball, S. J. 2012. Global Education Inc.: New Policy Networks and the Neo-Liberal Imaginary. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cairney, P., and M. D. Jones. 2016. “Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Approach: What Is the Empirical Impact of This Universal Theory?” Policy Studies Journal 44 (1): 37–58. doi:10.1111/psj.v44.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, J. L. 2004. Institutional Change and Globalization. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chae, H. 2015. “The Fluid Middle in South Korean Politics.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 50 (5): 497–519. doi:10.1177/0021909614558321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, S., J. Kim, S. Ban, K. Lee, S. Lee, and H. Choi. 2011. Education Strategy to Foster Creative Talent for the 21st Century. Report No. RR 2011-01. Seoul: Korean Educational Development Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Chung, P. J. 2017. The State of Accountability in the Education Sector of Republic of Korea. UNESCO Document Code ED/GEMR/MRT/2017/C1/1. Paris: UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000259530
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, M. D., J. G. March, and J. P. Olsen. 1972. “A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice.” Administrative Science Quarterly 17 (1): 1–25. doi:10.2307/2392088.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale, R. 2005. “Globalisation, Knowledge Economy and Comparative Education.” Comparative Education 41 (2): 117–149. doi:10.1080/03050060500150906.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gang, I. 2009. “A Comparative Study of New Education Movement and Open Education.” Korean Journal of Sociology of Education 19 (3): 1–23. doi:10.32465/ksocio.2009.19.3.001.
   Google Scholar
• Gwak, B. 2013. “What Is Free-Semester?” Paper presented at the Free-Semester for Career Exploration Symposium, Seoul, South Korea, March.
   Google Scholar
• Holderness, S. T. 1992. “The Politics of State Educational Policymaking: The Usefulness of the Kingdon Model.” In Issues of Professional Preparation and Practice, edited by F. C. Wendel, 17–31. University Park, PA: University Council for Educational Administration.
   Google Scholar
• Hong, H., Y. Lim, and S. Jang. 2013. “An Inquiry on the Loose Semester for Career Exploration for Secondary School Students Based on the Survey of Stakeholders.” The Korea Educational Review 19 (2): 33–68.
   Google Scholar
• Howlett, M. 1998. “Predictable and Unpredictable Policy Windows: Institutional and Exogenous Correlates of Canadian Federal Agenda-Setting.” Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue Canadienne De Science Politique 31 (3): 495–524. doi:10.1017/S0008423900009100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, M. D., H. L. Peterson, J. J. Pierce, N. Herweg, A. Bernal, H. Lamberta Raney, and N. Zahariadis. 2016. “A River Runs through It: A Multiple Streams Meta‐Review.” Policy Studies Journal 44 (1): 13–36. doi:10.1111/psj.v44.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khayesi, M., and A. A. Amekudzi. 2011. “Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Model and Automobile Dependence Reversal Path: The Case of Curitiba, Brazil.” Journal of Transport Geography 19 (6): 1547–1552. doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2011.06.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, K., and J. Woo. 2007. “Falling Science Education … Ranked 1st in 2000 to Ranked 11th in 2006.” Dong-A Ilbo, December 4. http://news.donga.com
   Google Scholar
• Kingdon, J. W. 1984. Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.
   Google Scholar
• Korea Press Foundation. 2014. 2014 Korea Press Yearbook. Seoul: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Korea Press Foundation. 2016. 2016 Korea Press Yearbook. Seoul: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, H., K. Choi, and J. Yoon. 1998. A Study on the History of Modern Education after Liberation from Japanese Rule. Report No. RR. 98-08. Seoul: Korean Educational Development Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, S. 2015. “A Study on Historical Changes of Progressive Educational Reforms in Korea.” The Journal of Yeolin Education 23 (4): 19–43.
   Google Scholar
• Lieberman, J. M. 2002. “Three Streams and Four Policy Entrepreneurs Converge: A Policy Window Opens.” Education and Urban Society 34 (4): 438–450. doi:10.1177/00124502034004003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovell, H. 2016. “The Role of International Policy Transfer within the Multiple Streams Approach: The Case of Smart Electricity Metering in Australia.” Public Administration 94 (3): 754–768. doi:10.1111/padm.2016.94.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubienski, C. 2019. “Advocacy Networks and Market Models for Education.” In Researching the Global Education Industry, edited by M. Parreira Do Amaral, G. Steiner-Khamsi, and C. Thompson, 69–86. New York: Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Education. 2013. Middle School Free-Semester Program Pilot Operation Plan. Seoul: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Education. 2015. Middle School Free-Semester Program Implementation Plan. Seoul: Author.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. 2017. PISA 2015 Results (Volume V): Collaborative Problem Solving. Paris: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Park, Y. 2018. “Impact of the Free Learning Semester (FLS) on Private-Tutoring Investment.” KDI Policy Forum 269: 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, S. 2005. “Re‐Imagining and Rescripting the Future of Education: Global Knowledge Economy Discourses and the Challenge to Education Systems.” Comparative Education 41 (2): 151–170. doi:10.1080/03050060500150922.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schleicher, A. 2017. “The Future of PISA.” Tertium Comparationis 23 (1): 113–124.
   Google Scholar
• Schriewer, J., and C. Martinez. 2004. “Constructions of Internationality in Education.” In The Global Politics of Educational Borrowing and Lending, edited by G. Steiner-Khamsi, 29–53. New York: Teachers College Press.
   Google Scholar
• Seo, Y., S. Kang, and C. Joo. 2008. “An Analytic Study on the Reform Process of Open Education in Korea.” The Journal of Educational Administration 26 (2): 259–285.
   Google Scholar
• Shin, C., E. Kim, E. Hwang, K. Song, and M. Park. 2014. Settlement Measures for Middle School Free-Semester Program in South Korea. Report No. CR 2014-17. Seoul: Korean Educational Development Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Silova, I. 2006. From Sites of Occupation to Symbols of Multiculturalism: Re-Conceptualizing Minority Education in post-Soviet Latvia. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Son, H. 2013. “Constitutional Issues Arising in the Successful Implementation of the Free-Semester System.” The Journal of Law of Education 25 (1): 151–180. doi:10.17317/tjle.25.1.201304.151.
   Google Scholar
• Song, J. 2009. “Korean Students Study 15 Hours per Week More than Students in Developed Countries.” Kyunghyang Shinmun, August 6. http://news.khan.co.kr
   Google Scholar
• Sorensen, C. W. 1994. “Success and Education in South Korea.” Comparative Education Review 38 (1): 10–35. doi:10.1086/447223.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spreen, C. A. 2004. “Appropriating Borrowed Policies: Outcomes-Based Education in South Africa.” In The Global Politics of Educational Borrowing and Lending, edited by G. Steiner-Khamsi, 101–113. New York: Teachers College Press.
   Google Scholar
• Steiner-Khamsi, G., ed. 2004. The Global Politics of Educational Borrowing and Lending. New York: Teachers College Press.
   Google Scholar
• Steiner-Khamsi, G. 2005. “Vouchers for Teacher Education (Non)Reform in Mongolia: Transitional, Postsocialist, or Antisocialist Explanations?” Comparative Education Review 49 (2): 148–172. doi:10.1086/428103.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner-Khamsi, G. 2012. “Understanding Policy Borrowing and Lending: Building Comparative Policy Studies.” In World Yearbook of Education 2012: Policy Borrowing and Lending in Education, edited by G. Steiner-Khamsi and F. Waldow, 3–17. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Steiner-Khamsi, G. 2016. “New Directions in Policy Borrowing Research.” Asia Pacific Education Review 17 (3): 381–390. doi:10.1007/s12564-016-9442-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stout, K. E., and B. Stevens. 2000. “The Case of the Failed Diversity Rule: A Multiple Streams Analysis.” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 22 (4): 341–355. doi:10.3102/01623737022004341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sung, E., and H. Jung. 2013. “Community’s Participating Strategies for Facilitating Experience-Based Youth Career Education.” The Journal of Career Education Research 26 (4): 49–63.
   Google Scholar
• Takayama, K. 2008. “The Politics of International League Tables: PISA in Japan’s Achievement Crisis Debate.” Comparative Education 44 (4): 387–407. doi:10.1080/03050060802481413.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takayama, K. 2013. “OECD, ‘Key Competencies’ and the New Challenges of Educational Inequality.” Journal of Curriculum Studies 45 (1): 67–80. doi:10.1080/00220272.2012.755711.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verger, A. 2012. “Framing and Selling Global Education Policy: The Promotion of Public–Private Partnerships for Education in Low-Income Contexts.” Journal of Education Policy 27 (1): 109–130. doi:10.1080/02680939.2011.623242.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldow, F., K. Takayama, and Y. K. Sung. 2014. “Rethinking the Pattern of External Policy Referencing: Media Discourses over the “Asian Tigers” PISA Success in Australia, Germany and South Korea.” Comparative Education 50 (3): 302–321. doi:10.1080/03050068.2013.860704.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo, J. 2011a. “A Study on the Implementation of ‘Free Study Day’.” Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction 11 (4): 293–322.
   Google Scholar
• Yoo, J. 2013. “Exploring Meanings and Implications of Curriculum in ‘Schoolbag Free Day’.” The Journal of Elementary Education 26 (1): 97–120.
   Google Scholar
• Yoo, S. 2011b. “Achievement Ranked Highest among OECD Countries, while Public Education Satisfaction Ranked Lowest.” Chosun Ilbo, December 8. http://news.chosun.com
   Google Scholar
• Young, T. V., T. V. Shepley, and M. Song. 2010. “Understanding Agenda Setting in State Educational Policy: An Application of Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Model to the Formation of State Reading Policy.” Education Policy Analysis Archives 18 (15): 1–23. doi:10.14507/epaa.v18n15.2010.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zahariadis, N. 2007. “The Multiple Streams Framework: Structure, Limitations, Prospects.” In Theories of the Policy Process, edited by P. A. Sabatier, 65–92. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zahariadis, N. 2014. “Ambiguity and Multiple Streams.” In Theories of the Policy Process, edited by P. A. Sabatier and C. M. Weible, 25–58. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
   Google Scholar