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- Centre for Economic Studies and Planning, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. This article is in the nature of a somewhat hasty summary of some salient results discussed at greater length in my Peasant Class Differentiation (1987, OUP, New Delhi). The necessary acknowledgements to others and caveats to generalisations made in the book are dispensed with here in the interests of brevity; however, sincere thanks go to D. N. Rao and R. Talwarfor their help with the statistical analysis of Section I. Part I of the article was presented as a paper to the ICSSR—IDPAD Seminar on Rural Transformation in Asia (New Delhi, October 1986), in view of the inordinate delay by the publishers in bringing out the book (which was accepted in 1982).