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Original Articles

Looking back: Analysing experiences of legal education and training

&
Pages 169-190 | Published online: 09 Sep 2010

  • Department of Constitutional Affairs Competition and Regulation in the Legal Services Market (CP(R2)07/02) July 2003, Sir David Clementi Review of the Regulatory Framework for Legal Services in England and Wales Final Report (December 2004) available at www.legal‐services‐review.org.uk (www.legal‐services‐review.org.uk)
  • Lord Falconer of Thoroton's speech to the Legal Services Reform Conference signalling the decision to widen providers in the will writing and estate management market (London 21st March 2005) available at www.dca.gov.uk/speeches/2005/ lc210305.htm (www.dca.gov.uk/speeches/2005/ lc210305.htm)
  • The Lord Chancellor's Advisory Committee on Legal Education and Conduct . 1996 . First Report on Legal Education and Training , London : ACLEC .
  • The Lord Chancellor's Advisory Committee on Legal Education and Conduct . 1997 . Continuing Professional Development for Solicitors and Barristers: A Second Report on Legal Education and Training , London : ACLEC .
  • Langlands , Sir Alan . January 2005 . Gateways to the Professions: A Consultation Paper , January , Department for Education and Skills .
  • Fuller , A and Unwin , L . 2005 . “Vocational Guidance: Students won't take the vocational route unless they can be convinced that it has parity of esteem” . Guardian , 29th March : 13
  • Moorhead , R. , Sherr , A. and Paterson , A. 2003 . “Contesting Professionalism: Legal Aid and Non‐lawyers in England and Wales” . Law and Society Review , 37 : 765 797
  • Law Society . July 2001 . Training Framework Review: Consultation Paper July , para. 1 available at www.lawsociety.org.uk/documents/downloads/becomingtfrconsultationl.pdf
  • Law Society . March 2005 . Qualifying as a Solicitor: A Framework for the Future March , available at www.lawsociety.org.uk/documents/downloads/becomingtfr05consultppr.pdf
  • Webb , J. and Fancourt , A. 2004 . “The Law Society's Training Framework Review: On the Straight and Narrow or the Long and Winding Road” . The Law Teacher , 38 ( 3 ) : 293
  • Begum , H. 2005 . “Law Society Row Ends in LPC U‐turn” . The Lawyer , 19 ( 41 ) 24th October 1
  • Johnson , N. 2005 . “The Training Framework Review—what's all the fuss about?” . New Law Journal , 155 ( 7167 ) : 357
  • Malkin , B. 2005 . “Market slams Law Soc plans to abolish vocational training” . Lawyer , 2B 10th February
  • Sanders , C. 2005 . “A Motivator who has Shaken up “Crusty Old Dinners” and more” . The Times Higher Education Supplement , 4th February
  • Sanders , C. 2005 . “Law revamp could hit coffers” . The Times Higher , 4th February
  • 2006 . Trends in the Solicitors Profession Annual Statistical Report , London : The Law Society .
  • with students annually paying fees for the LPC that can range from approx. £5,000‐£9,000 depending on the type of course (full time, part‐time) and location of the institution, e.g., the full time 2006/07 LPC at the University of Central Lancashire is £5,600 ( ) and at BPP central London it is £9,800 www.uclan.ac.uk (www.uclan.ac.uk)
  • www.bpp.com (www.bpp.com)
  • Boon , A. , Flood , J. and Webb , J. 2005 . “Postmodern Professions? The Fragmentation of Legal Education and the Legal Profession” . Journal of Law and Society , 32 : 473
  • Legal Services Consultative Panel . May 2005 . The Legal Profession: Entry, Retention and Competition: Advice to the Secretary of State May ,
  • recommends that further longitudinal research be undertaken from higher education into the legal profession with “… a prime focus on progression within legal careers, to enable barriers to be identified and addressed” (p. 20). Available at www.dca.gov.uk/atoj/lscp/lscp_advice18.htm (www.dca.gov.uk/atoj/lscp/lscp_advice18.htm)
  • Johnston , V and Shapland , J. 1990 . Developing Vocational Legal Training for the Bar
  • Shapland , J. , Johnston , V and Wild , R. 1993 . Studying for the Bar ,
  • Shapland , J. , Wild , R. and Johnston , V . 1995 . Pupillage and the Vocational Course ,
  • Shapland , J. and Sorsby , A. 1995 . Starting Practice: Work and Training at the Junior Bar ,
  • Shapland , J. and Sorsby , A. The Junior Bar in 1997 ,
  • Shapland , J. and Sorsby , A. 2003 . The Junior Bar in 2002 ,
  • Duff , E. , Shiner , M. , Boon , A. and Whyte , A. 2000 . Entry Into the Legal Professions: The Law Student Cohort Study Year 6 , London : The Law Society .
  • Boon , A. , Duff , E. and Shiner , M. 2001 . “Career Paths and Choices in a Highly Differentiated Profession: The Position of Newly Qualified Solicitors” . The Modern Law Review , 64 ( 4 ) : 563
  • Both the cohort study and the Bar Study found high rates of attrition during the process of qualifying in both branches of the profession. These were particularly severe among working class and ethnic minority students, a fact that can be partly attributed to the recruitment practices of solicitors’ firms and barristers’ chambers but was also attributed to the length and cost of training. See also the Law Society's statements and consultations on the training framework review www.lawsociety.org.uk/becomingasolicitor/furtherinformation.law (www.lawsociety.org.uk/becomingasolicitor/furtherinformation.law)
  • Goriely , T. and Williams , T . 1996 . The Impact of the New Training Scheme: Report on a Qualitative Study , London : The Law Society .
  • Fancourt , A. 2004 . Hitting the Ground Running? Are LPC Students Ready for Practice? , Available at www.ukcle.ac.uk/research/ukcle/fancourt.rtf
  • Legal Information Management , 4 ( 3 ) 168
  • [please could this also include the reference to the full research report at http//www.lawsociety.org.uk/becomingasolicitor/furtherinformation.law?] (http//www.lawsociety.org.uk/becomingasolicitor/furtherinformation.law?])
  • Boon , A. and Whyte , A. 2002 . Legal Education as Vocational Preparation?: Perspectives of Newly Qualified Solicitors , at www.ukcle.ac.uk/research/projects/ boon.html
  • Lincoln , Y S. and Guba , E. G. 1985 . Naturalistic Inquiry , Sage Publications Inc. .
  • Norman , L . 2004 . Careers in Law. A Survey of Law Students , Research Study 50 24 London : The Law Society .
  • Halpern , D. 1994 . Entry to the Legal Professions: The Law Student Cohort Study Years 1 and 2 Research Study No. 15 , London : The Law Society .
  • Bradney , A . 1995 . “Raising the drawbridge: Defending University law schools” . Web Journal of Current Legal Issues , 1 available at http://webjcli.ncl.ac.uk/articlesl/ bradneyl.html
  • Maughan , C. and Webb , J. 1995 . Lawyering Skills and the Legal Process , London : Butterworths .
  • Arthurs , H . 2001 . ‘The world turned upside down: are changes in political economy and legal practice transforming legal education and scholarship, or vice versa?” . International Journal of the Legal Profession , 8 ( 1 ) : 11
  • Jones , P . 2000 . ‘Theory and Practice in Professional Legal Education” . International Journal of the Legal Profession , 3 : 239
  • Jones , P. 1993 . “Skills Teaching in Legal Education—The Legal Practice Course and Beyond” . In Examining the Law Syllabus: Beyond the Core , Edited by: Birks , P . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Barker , D. 2002 . ‘Two Hemispheres, Three Decades—a Comparative Study of Developments in Legal Education in Both England and Wales and Australia Over the Last 30 Years” . Speech given to the Association of Law Teachers 37th annual Conference in Greenwich . March 24–25 2002 .
  • Fletcher , N. 2004 . Equality, Diversity and the Legal Practice Course: Research Study 49 , London : The Law Society .
  • Griffiths , C. 2002 . “Mighty Mouse: how do global firms cope with the increasing complexity of training requirements?” . The Lawyer , 15 ( 44 ) 5 November : 29
  • Education & Training Unit . August 2006 . A New Framework for Work Based Learning Consultation Paper August , 2
  • Available at . This should include; production of portfolios and much more rigorous supervision and assessment than at present (through a scheme based an initial planning session followed by four review sessions) See further the second consultation on work based learning: www.lawsociety.org.uk/documents/downloads/becomingtfrconsultationwbl.pdf) (www.lawsociety.org.uk/documents/downloads/becomingtfrconsultationwbl.pdf))
  • Solicitors Regulation Authority . February 2007 . A New Framework for Work Based Learning Consultation February , available at www.sra.org.uk/securedownload/file/147
  • “In 2004, over two thirds of the barristers at the top chambers had attended independent schools, as had three quarters of the judges, and over half the partners at the leading law firms” Sutton Trust Briefing Note: The Educational Backgrounds of the UK's Top Solicitors, Barristers and Judges (June 2005) available at . The new Bar council chairman, Geoffrey Vos QC has recently called for funding methods to be overhauled to counter allegations that the bar remains elitist and exclusive www.suttontrust.com/reports/ Comparison_educational_backgrounds.pdf (www.suttontrust.com/reports/ Comparison_educational_backgrounds.pdf)
  • The Times . 2007 . “Barristers Guilty of Being Posh” . The Times , January 8 : 22
  • Rolfe , H. and Anderson , T . 2003 . “A Firm Choice: Law Firms’ Preferences in the Recruitment of Trainee Solicitors” . International Journal of the Legal Profession , 10 ( 3 ) : 315
  • Rothwell , R. 2004 . “Lammy Attacks City Giants” . Law Society Gazette , 101.25 (3) 24 June
  • Rothwell , R. 2004 . “Black And Asian Lawyers Call For City Quotas” . Law Society Gazette , 101.33 (1) 2 September
  • Duff , L. and Webley , L. 2004 . Equality and Diversity: Women Solicitors , Research Study 48 Volume II , London : The Law Society . Law Society Research Study Series
  • Skordaki , E. 1996 . “Glass slippers and glass ceilings: women in the legal profession” . International Journal of the Legal Profession , 3 ( 1/2 ) : 7
  • The LSC's training support grants scheme currently operates on a rolling basis, with 100 grants being awarded annually from 2005, Press Release “Legal Services Commission increases investment in next generation of legal aid solicitors” 11th March 2005 www.legalservices.gov.uk/press/press_release43.asp (www.legalservices.gov.uk/press/press_release43.asp)
  • Boon , A. 2005 . “From public service to service industry: the impact of socialisation and work on the motivation and values of lawyers” . International Journal of the Legal Profession , 12 : 193
  • Sharp , C. 2002 . “Scarlet Letter or Chastity Belt? What Legal Dramas of the Twenty‐first Century are ‘Telling’ Law Students About a Career in Law” . Legal Ethics , 5 ( 1 ) : 90
  • Asimow , M. Greenfield , S. 2005 . “Perceptions of Lawyers—a transnational study of student views on the image of law and lawyers” . International Journal of the Legal Profession , 12 ( 3 ) : 407
  • Collier , R. 2005 . “Be smart, be successful, be yourself … “?: representations of the training contract and trainee solicitor in advertising by large law firms’ . International Journal of the Legal Profession , 12 : 51
  • Bell , J. 1996 . “General Transferable Skills and the Law Curriculum” . Contemporary Issues in Law , 2 ( 2 ) : 1
  • Boon , A. 2003 . “Ethics in Legal Education and Training: Four Reports, Three Jurisdictions and a Prospectus” . Legal Ethics , 5 ( 1 ) : 34
  • Begum , H. 2006 . “Baker & Mackenzie signs trainees up to the College of Law's new bespoke LPC” . The Lawyer , 26th June
  • Begum , H. 2006 . “College of Law designs unique LPC for BLP” . The Lawyer , 3rd March
  • Dau‐Schmidt , K. , Stake , J. , Mukhopadhaya , K. and Haley , T. 2006 . “The Pride of Indiana’: An Empirical Study of the Law School Experience and Careers of Indiana University Law Alumni” . June 22
  • Indiana University School of Law‐Bloomington Legal Studies Research Paper Series, Forthcoming Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract = 875908 (http://ssrn.com/abstract = 875908)
  • Solicitors Regulation Authority . 2007 . Future Structure of the Legal Practice Course Consultation , February available at www.sra.org.uk/securedownload/file/162, and the training framework review consultations at www.lawsociety.org.uk/becomingasolicitor/ furtherinformation.law
  • Boon , A. , Flood , J. and Webb , J. 2005 . “Postmodern Professions?: The Fragmentation of Legal Education and the Legal Profession” . Journal of Law and Society , 32 ( 3 ) : 473
  • Lowry , D. 2003 . “An Investigation of Student Moral Awareness and Associated Factors in Two Cohorts of an Undergraduate Business Degree in a British University: Implications for Business Ethics and Curriculum Design” . Journal of Business Ethics , 48 : 7
  • Tysome , T . 2002 . “Work is Bad for Your Ethics” . The Times Higher 6 , December 8 and Boon, n. 39 above
  • Solicitors Regulation Authority . February 2007 . Future Structure of the Legal Practice Course Consultation February , avialable at www.sra.org.uk/securedownload/ file/162
  • Paraskeva , J. 2005 . “One Size Is Not For All” . Law Society's Gazette , 102 ( 4 ) : 18
  • Boon , A. 1996 . “Skills in the initial stage of legal education: theory and practice for transformation” . In Teaching lawyers’ skills , Edited by: Webb , J. and Maughan , C. London : Butterworths .
  • Dean, and Research Fellow respectively, School of Law, University of Westminster.

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