Being a good course‐taker is not enough: a theoretical perspective on the transition to independent research

References

• Amabile , TM . (1988) . A model of creativity and innovation in organizations . Research in Organizational Behavior , 10 : 123 – 167 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amabile TM (1996) Creativity in context Boulder CO Westview Press
   Google Scholar
• Anderson L (2002) The underlying structure of examiners’ reports paper presented at the American Education Research Association Conference, New Orleans LA 1–5 April
   Google Scholar
• Association of American Universities (1998) Committee on graduate education report and recommendations Washington DC AAU
   Google Scholar
• Bargar , RR and Duncan , JK . (1982) . Cultivating creative endeavor in doctoral research . Journal of Higher Education , 52 (1) : 1 – 31 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benkin EM (1984) Where have all the doctoral students gone? A study of doctoral student attrition at UCLA Doctoral dissertation University of California, Los Angeles (Dissertation Abstracts International, 45A, 2770)
   Google Scholar
• Berelson B (1960) Graduate education in the United States New York McGraw‐Hill
   Google Scholar
• Bourke S (2002) Links between PhD candidate background, aspects of candidature, examiner information, and the examiner reports paper presented at the American Education Research Association Conference, New Orleans LA 1–5 April
   Google Scholar
• Bourner , T , Bowden , R and Laing , S . (2001) . Professional doctorates in England . Studies in Higher Education , 26 (1) : 65 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowen WG Rudenstine NL (1992) In pursuit of the PhD Princeton NJ Princeton University Press
   Google Scholar
• Chen E (1995) Deadly scholarship: the true story of Lu Gang and mass murder in America’s heartland New York Birch Lane Press
   Google Scholar
• Council of Graduate Schools (1995) Research student and supervisor: an approach to good supervisory practice Washington DC CGS
   Google Scholar
• Csikszentmihalyi M (1996) Creativity: flow and the psychology of discovery and invention New York HarperCollins
   Google Scholar
• Csikszentmihalyi M (1999) Implications of a systems perspective for the study of creativity in: R. J. Sternberg (Ed.) Handbook of creativity Cambridge Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Deem , R and Brehony , KJ . (2000) . Doctoral students’ access to research cultures—are some more unequal than others? . Studies in Higher Education , 25 (2) : 149 – 165 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delamont , S , Atkinson , P and Parry , O . (1997) . Critical mass and doctoral research: reflections on the Harris Report . Studies in Higher Education , 22 (3) : 319 – 331 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delamont S Atkinson P Parry O (2000) The doctoral experience: success and failure in graduate school London Falmer Press
   Google Scholar
• Enright MK Gitomer D (1989) Toward a description of successful graduate students (Graduate Record Examination Report No. 85‐17R) Princeton NJ Educational Testing Service
   Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz H Kemelgor C Uzzi B (2000) Athena unbound: the advancement of women in science and technology New York Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Feist GJ (1999) The influence of personality on artistic and scientific creativity in: R. J. Sternberg (Ed.) Handbook of creativity Cambridge Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Feldman DH (1999) The development of creativity in: R. J. Sternberg (Ed.) Handbook of creativity Cambridge Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Frischer , J and Larsson , K . (2000) . Laissez‐faire in research education—an inquiry into a Swedish doctoral program . Higher Education Policy , 13 : 131 – 155 .
   Google Scholar
• Gardner H (1983) Frames of mind: the theory of multiple intelligences New York Basic Books
   Google Scholar
• Genn , JM . (2001a) . Curriculum, environment, climate, quality and change in medical education—a unifying perspective (part I) . Medical Education , 23 (4) : 337 – 344 .
   Google Scholar
• Genn , JM . (2001b) . Curriculum, environment, climate, quality and change in medical education—a unifying perspective (part II) . Medical Education , 23 (5) : 445 – 454 .
   Google Scholar
• Golde CM Dore TM (2001) At cross purposes: what the experiences of today’s doctoral students reveal about doctoral education Madison WI Wisconsin Center for Education Research
   Google Scholar
• Heiss , AM . (1967) . Berkeley doctoral students appraise their academic programs . Educational Record , 48 : 30 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Heiss AM (1970) Challenges to graduate schools San Francisco CA Jossey‐Bass
   Google Scholar
• Holbrook A (2002a) Examining the quality of doctoral research: a symposium presented at the American Education Research Association Conference, New Orleans LA 1–5 April
   Google Scholar
• Holbrook A (2002b) How examiners of doctoral theses utilize the written report paper presented at the American Education Research Association Conference, New Orleans LA 1–5 April
   Google Scholar
• Holbrooke A Bourke S (2002) PhD assessment: design of the study, qualities of examiner reports and candidature information paper presented at the American Education Research Association Conference, New Orleans LA 1–5 April
   Google Scholar
• Ibarra RA (2001) Beyond affirmative action: reframing the context of higher education Madison WI University of Wisconsin Press
   Google Scholar
• Jackson SA (2002) The quiet crisis: falling short in producing American scientific and technical talent San Diego CA Building Engineering and Science Talent
   Google Scholar
• Johnston , S . (1997) . Examining the examiners: an analysis of examiners’ reports on doctoral theses . Studies in Higher Education , 22 (3) : 333 – 347 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kam , BH . (1997) . Style and quality in research supervision: the supervisor dependency factor . Higher Education , 34 : 81 – 103 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz J (1976) Development of mind in: J. Katz & R. T. Hartnett (Eds) Scholars in the making: the development of graduate and professional students Cambridge MA Ballinger
   Google Scholar
• Katz J Hartnett RT (1976) Recommendations for training better scholars in: J. Katz & R. T. Hartnett (Eds) Scholars in the making: the development of graduate and professional students Cambridge MA Ballinger
   Google Scholar
• Kuhn TS (1962) The structure of scientific revolutions Chicago University of Chicago Press
   Google Scholar
• Li , J and Gardner , H . (1993) . How domains construct creativity: the case of traditional Chinese and Western painting . American Behavioral Scientist , 37 ( 11 ) : 94 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linden , J . (1999) . The contribution of narrative to the process of supervising PhD students . Studies in Higher Education , 24 (3) : 351 – 365 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovat T (2002) ‘Ways of knowing’: how examiners position themselves in relation to the doctoral paper presented at the American Education Research Association Conference, New Orleans LA 1–5 April
   Google Scholar
• Lovitts BE (2001) Leaving the ivory tower: the causes and consequences of departure from doctoral study Lanham MD Rowman & Littlefield
   Google Scholar
• Lovitts BE (2002) Making the implicit explicit: a conceptual approach for assessing the outcomes of doctoral education paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for the Study of Higher Education, 22 November Sacramento CA
   Google Scholar
• Lovitts BE (unpublished) Analysis of focus groups on the critical transition and the dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Moore RW (1985) Winning the PhD game New York Dodd, Mead & Co
   Google Scholar
• Mullins , G and Kiley , M . (2002) . ‘It’s a PhD, not a Nobel Prize’: how experienced examiners assess research theses . Studies in Higher Education , 27 (4) : 369 – 386 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Research Council (1996) The path to the PhD: measuring graduate attrition in the sciences and humanities Washington DC National Academy Press
   Google Scholar
• Nerad M Cerny J (1991, May) From facts to action: expanding the educational role of the graduate division Washington DC Council of Graduate Schools
   Google Scholar
• Nickerson RS (1999) Enhancing creativity in R J. Sternberg (Ed.) Handbook of creativity Cambridge Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Office of Technology Assessment (1988) Educating scientists and engineers: grade school to grad school Washington DC Office of Technology Assessment
   Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (1995) Research training present and future Paris OECD
   Google Scholar
• Pearson , M . (1996) . Professionalising PhD education to enhance the quality of the student experience . Higher Education , 32 : 303 – 320 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Policastro E Gardner H (1999) From case studies to robust generalizations: an approach to the study of creativity in R. J. Sternberg, (Ed.) Handbook of creativity Cambridge Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Simpkins , WS . (1987) . The way examiners assess critical thinking in educational administration theses . Journal of Educational Administration , 25 (2) : 248 – 268 .
   Google Scholar
• Smeby , J . (2000) . Disciplinary differences in Norwegian graduate education . Studies in Higher Education , 25 (1) : 53 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sternberg RJ (1985) Beyond IQ: a triarchic theory of human intelligence New York Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg RJ (1988a) Three‐facet model of creativity in: R. J. Sternberg (Ed.) The nature of creativity: contemporary psychological perspective New York Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg RJ (1988b) The triarchic mind: a new theory of human intelligence New York Viking
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg RJ (1997a) Successful intelligence: how practice and creative intelligence determine success in life New York Plume
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg RJ (1997b) Thinking styles New York Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg RJ Lubart TI (1995) Defying the crowd: cultivating creativity in a culture of conformity New York Free Press
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg , RJ and Williams , W . (1997) . Does the graduate record examination predict meaningful success in the graduate training of psychologists? A case study . American Psychologist , 52 (6) : 630 – 41 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinkler , P and Jackson , C . (2000) . Examining the doctorate: institutional policy and the PhD examination process in Britain . Studies in Higher Education , 25 (2) : 167 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker A (1964) Factors related to attrition amongst doctoral students (Cooperative Research Project No. 1146) Washington DC Office of Education
   Google Scholar
• University of Iowa (n.d.) The D. C. Spriestersbach Dissertation Prize Available online at: http://www.grad.uiowa.edu/Students/FinancialSupport/DCSpriestersbachPrize.htm. (accessed 18 April, 2002)
   Google Scholar
• Weisberg RW (1999) Creativity and knowledge: a challenge to theories in: R. J. Sternberg (Ed.) Handbook of Creativity Cambridge Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Williams WM Yang LT (1999) Organizational creativity in: R. J. Sternberg (Ed.) Handbook of creativity Cambridge Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Winfield G (1987) The social science PhD, the ESRC enquiry on submission rates. The Report London Economic and Social Research Council
   Google Scholar
• Winter , R , Griffiths , M and Green , K . (2000) . The ‘academic’ qualities of practice: what are the criteria for a practiced‐based PhD? . Studies in Higher Education , 25 (1) : 25 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wisker , G , Robinson , G , Trafford , V , Creighton , E and Warnes , M . (2003) . Recognizing and overcoming dissonance in postgraduate student research . Studies in Higher Education , 28 (1) : 91 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuckerman H (1977) Scientific elite: Nobel laureates in the United States New York The Free Press
   Google Scholar
• Zwick R (1991) Differences in graduate school attainment patterns across academic programs and demographic groups Princeton NJ Educational Testing Service
   Google Scholar