Dual appointments and research collaborations outside academia: evidence from the European academic population

References

• Abramo, G., C. A. D’Angelo, and F. Di Costa. 2011. “University-industry Research Collaboration: A Model to Assess University Capability.” Higher Education 62: 163–81. doi: 10.1007/s10734-010-9372-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramo, G., C. A. D’Angelo, M. Ferretti, and A. Parmentola. 2012. “An Individual-level Assessment of the Relationship Between Spin-off Activities and Research Performance in Universities.” R&D Management 42 (3): 225–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramo, G., C. A. D’Angelo, and G. Murgia. 2013. “Gender Differences in Research Collaboration.” Journal of Informetrics 7: 811–22. doi: 10.1016/j.joi.2013.07.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramo, G., C. A. D’Angelo, and G. Murgia. 2014. “Variation in Research Collaboration Patterns Across Academic Ranks.” Scientometrics 98: 2275–94. doi: 10.1007/s11192-013-1185-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agarwal, R., and A. Ohyama. 2013. "Industry or Academia, Basic or Applied? Career Choices and Earnings Trajectories of Scientists." Management Science 59(4): 950–70. doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1120.1582
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen, H. 2016. “Collaboration, Interdisciplinarity, and the Epistomology of Contemporary Science.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 56: 1–10. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2015.10.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audretsch, D. B., E. E. Lehmann, M. Meoli, and S. Vismara, eds. 2015. University Evolution, Entrepreneurial Activity and Regional Competitiveness. Dordrecht: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Balduzzi, G., and M. Rostan. 2016. “Organizing the “Productive Transformation of Knowledge’: Linking University and Industry in Traditional Manufacturing Areas.” Tertiary Education and Management 22: 19–35. doi: 10.1080/13583883.2015.1120340
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bao, Y., B. M. Kehm, and Y. Ma. 2018. “From Product to Process. The Reform of Doctoral Education in Europe and China.” Studies in Higher Education 43: 524–41. doi: 10.1080/03075079.2016.1182481
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellotti, E., L. Kronegger, and L. Guadalupi. 2016. “The Evolution of Research Collaboration Within and Across Disciplines in Italian Academia.” Scientometrics 109: 783–811. doi: 10.1007/s11192-016-2068-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belsley, D. A., E. Kuh, and R. E. Welsch. 2005. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity, Regression Diagnostics. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 85–191.
   Google Scholar
• Biscotti, D., L. Glenna, W. B. Lacy and R. Welsh. 2009. “The “Independent” Investigator: How Academic Scientists Construct their Professional Identity in University-Industry Agricultural Biotechnology Research Collaborations.” In Economic Sociology of Work, Volume 18 of Research in the Sociology of Work series, edited by N. Bandelj, 261–88. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited/JAI.
   Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard, T. 2010. “Industry and Academia in Convergence: Micro-Institutional Dimensions of R&D Collaboration.” Technovation 30: 100–08. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2009.11.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brew, A., D. Boud, S. U. Namgung, L. Lucas, and K. Crawford. 2016. “Research Productivity and Academics” Conceptions of Research.” Higher Education 71: 681–97. doi: 10.1007/s10734-015-9930-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broström, A. 2012. “Firms” Rationales for Interaction with Research Universities and the Principles for Public Co-funding.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 37: 313–29. doi: 10.1007/s10961-010-9177-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brundenius, C., B. A. Lundvall, and J. Sutz. 2009. “The Role of Universities in Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: Developmental University Systems–Empirical, Analytical and Normative Perspectives.” In Handbook of Innovation Systems and Developing Countries, edited by B. A. Lundvall, K. J. Joseph, C. Chaminade, and J. Vang, 311–325. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Čada, K., and K. Ptáčková. 2013. “Possibilities and Limits of Collaboration Between Science and NGOs in the Czech Republic.” Journal of Cleaner Production 49: 25–34. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.07.039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, S. 2015. “Boundary Objects and Boundary Brokering to Make the Research-Policy-Practice Nexus Possible: The Case of the Chinese Higher Education Field.” Higher Education Policy 28: 441–57. doi: 10.1057/hep.2015.13
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherney, A. 2015. “Academic-industry Collaborations and Knowledge Co-production in the Social Sciences.” Journal of Sociology 51: 1003–16. doi: 10.1177/1440783313492237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Este, P., and R. Fontana. 2007. “What Drives the Emergence of Entrepreneurial Academics? A Study on Collaborative Research Partnerships in the UK.” Research Evaluation 16: 257–70. doi: 10.3152/095820207X254448
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Este, P., and M. Perkmann. 2011. “Why do Academics Engage with Industry? The Entrepreneurial University and Individual Motivations.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 36: 316–39. doi: 10.1007/s10961-010-9153-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Weck, D., O. L. Roos, and C. L. Magee, eds. 2011. Engineering Systems: Meeting Needs in a Complex Technological World. Cambridge: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dhand, A., D. A. Luke, B. J. Carothers, and B. A. Evanoff. 2016. “Academic Cross-pollination: The Role of Disciplinary Affiliation in Research Collaboration.” PLoS ONE 11: e0145916. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145916
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle, J., and M. Cuthill. 2015. “Does “Get Visible or Vanish” Herald the End of “Publish or Perish’?” Higher Education Research & Development 34: 671–4. doi: 10.1080/07294360.2015.1025467
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebadi, A., and A. Schiffauerova. 2015. “How to Receive More Funding for Your Research? Get Connected to the Right People!.” PLoS ONE 10: e0133061.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edler, J., H. Fier, and C. Grimpe. 2011. “International Scientist Mobility and the Locus of Knowledge and Technology Transfer.” Research Policy 40: 791–805. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2011.03.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H., and C. Kemelgor. 1998. “The Role of Research Centres in the Collectivisation of Academic Science.” Minerva 36: 271–88. doi: 10.1023/A:1004348123030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etzkowitz, H., M. Ranga, M. Benner, L. Guaranys, A. M. Maculan, and R. Kneller. 2008. “Pathways to the Entrepreneurial University: Towards a Global Convergence.” Science and Public Policy 39: 681–95. doi: 10.3152/030234208X389701
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2007. Remuneration of Researchers in the Public and Private sectors. Brussels: European Commission.
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein, M. J., E. Walker, and R. Chen. 2013. “The American Faculty in an Age of Globalization: Predictors of Internationalization of Research Content and Professional Networks.” Higher Education 66: 325–40. doi: 10.1007/s10734-012-9607-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrett-Jones, S., T. Turpin, P. Burns, and K. Diment. 2005. “Common Purpose and Divided Loyalties: The Risks and Rewards of Cross-sector Collaboration for Academic and Government Researchers.” R and D Management 35: 535–44. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9310.2005.00410.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilsing, V., R. Bekkers, I. M. Bodas Freitas, and M. van der Steen. 2011. “Differences in Technology Transfer Between Science-based and Development-based Industries: Transfer Mechanisms and Barriers.” Technovation 31: 638–47. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2011.06.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene. 2003. Econometric Analysis. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, J., and M. M. Mars. 2009. “Joint Appointments and the Professoriate: Two Houses but no Home?” Innovative Higher Education 34: 19–32. doi: 10.1007/s10755-008-9092-x
   Google Scholar
• Hemmert, M., L. Bstieler, and H. Okamuro. 2014. “Bridging the Cultural Divide: Trust Formation in University–Industry Research Collaborations in the US, Japan, and South Korea.” Technovation 34: 605–16. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2014.04.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holly, A., L. Gardiol, G. Domenighetti, and B. Brigitte. 1998. “An Econometric Model of Health Care Utilization and Health Insurance in Switzerland.” European Economic Review 42: 513–22. doi: 10.1016/S0014-2921(98)00003-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horta, H., and J. M. Santos. 2016. “An Instrument to Measure Individuals” Research Agenda Setting: The Multi-dimensional Research Agendas Inventory.” Scientometrics 108: 1243–65. doi: 10.1007/s11192-016-2012-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeong, S., J. Y. Choi, and J. Kim. 2011. “The Determinants of Research Collaboration Modes: Exploring the Effects of Research and Researcher Characteristics on Co-authorship.” Scientometrics 89: 967–83. doi: 10.1007/s11192-011-0474-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz, J. S., and B. R. Martin. 1997. “What Is Research Collaboration?” Research Policy 26: 1–18. doi: 10.1016/S0048-7333(96)00917-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, Y., H. J. Lim, and S. J. Lee. 2014. “Applying Research Collaboration as a New Way of Measuring Research Performance in Korean Universities.” Scientometrics 99: 97–115. doi: 10.1007/s11192-013-1095-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labrianidis, L., and N. Vogiatzis. 2013. “The Mutually Reinforcing Relation Between International Migration of Highly Educated Labour Force and Economic Crisis: the Case of Greece.” Southeast European and Black Sea Studies 13: 525–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam, A. 2007. “Knowledge Networks and Careers: Academic Scientists in Industry–University Links*.” Journal of Management Studies 44: 993–1016. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00696.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam, A. 2011. “What Motivates Academic Scientists to Engage in Research Commercialization: “Gold’, “Ribbon” or “Puzzle’?” Research Policy 40: 1354–68. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lander, B. 2015. “Proximity at a Distance: The Role of Institutional and Geographical Proximities in Vancouver’s Infection and Immunity Research Collaborations.” Industry and Innovation 22: 575–96. doi: 10.1080/13662716.2015.1104242
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laudel, G. 2002. “What Do We Measure by Co-authorships?” Research Evaluation 11: 3–15. doi: 10.3152/147154402781776961
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Y.-G. 2012. “Strengthening Competency Linkage to Innovation at Korean Universities.” Scientometrics 90: 219–30. doi: 10.1007/s11192-011-0497-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lévesque, M., and M. Minniti. 2006. “The Effect of Aging on Entrepreneurial Behavior.” Journal of Business Venturing 21: 177–94. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2005.04.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitt, J. M., and M. Thelwall. 2016. “Long Term Productivity and Collaboration in Information Science.” Scientometrics 108 (3): 1103–17. doi: 10.1007/s11192-016-2061-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowe, R. A., and C. Gonzalez-Brambila. 2007. “Faculty Entrepreneurs and Research Productivity.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 32: 173–94. doi: 10.1007/s10961-006-9014-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maddala, G. S. 1983. Limited-dependent and Qualitative Variables in Econometrics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Manjarrés-Henríquez, L., A. Gutiérrez-Gracia, A. Carrión-García, and J. Vega-Jurado. 2009. “The Effects of University-Industry Relationships and Academic Research on Scientific Performance: Synergy or Substitution?” Research in Higher Education 50 (8): 795–811. doi: 10.1007/s11162-009-9142-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng, L. L., and J. Pemberton. 2013. “Research-based Communities of Practice in UK Higher Education.” Studies in Higher Education 38: 1522–39. doi: 10.1080/03075079.2011.642348
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olmos-Peñuela, J., E. Castro-Martínez, and P. D’Este. 2014. “Knowledge Transfer Activities in Social Sciences and Humanities: Explaining the Interactions of Research Groups with Non-academic Agents.” Research Policy 43: 696–706. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2013.12.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papatsiba, V. 2013. “The Idea of Collaboration in the Academy: Its Epistemic and Social Potentials and Risks for Knowledge Generation.” Policy Futures in Education 11 (4): 436–48. doi: 10.2304/pfie.2013.11.4.436
   Google Scholar
• Parker, M., and P. Kingori. 2016. “Good and Bad Research Collaborations: Researchers” Views on Science and Ethics in Global Health Research.” PLOS ONE 11: e0163579. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponomariov, B., and C. Boardman. 2016. “What is Co-authorship?” Scientometrics 109: 1939–63. doi: 10.1007/s11192-016-2127-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers, J. B. 2004. “R&D Funding Sources and University Technology Transfer: What Is Stimulating Universities to be More Entrepreneurial?” Research in Higher Education 45 (1): 1–23. doi: 10.1023/B:RIHE.0000010044.41663.a0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers, J. B., and E. G. Campbell. 2011. “Technology Commercialization Effects on the Conduct of Research in Higher Education.” Research in Higher Education 52 (3): 245–60. doi: 10.1007/s11162-010-9195-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smeby, J.-C., and S. Try. 2005. “Departmental Contexts and Faculty Research Activity in Norway.” Research in Higher Education 46 (6): 593–619. doi: 10.1007/s11162-004-4136-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephan, P. E., and S. G. Levin. 1992. Striking the Mother Lode in Science: The Importance of Age, Place and Time. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tan, C. N.-L. 2016. “Enhancing Knowledge Sharing and Research Collaboration among Academics: The Role of Knowledge Management.” Higher Education 71 (4): 525–56. doi: 10.1007/s10734-015-9922-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tartari, V., A. Salter, and P. D’Este. 2012. “Crossing the Rubicon: Exploring the Factors That Shape Academics” Perceptions of the Barriers to Working with Industry.” Cambridge Journal of Economics 36: 655–77. doi: 10.1093/cje/bes007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tchalakov, I., T. Mitev, and V. Petrov. 2010. “The Academic Spin-offs as an Engine of Economic Transition in Eastern Europe.” A Path-Dependent Approach. Minerva 48: 189–217.
   Google Scholar
• Teichler, U., and W. K. Cummings, eds. 2015. Forming, Recruiting, and Managing the Academic Profession. Dordrecht: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Turale, S., F.-J. Shih, A. Klunklin, M. Ito, and F. Nakao. 2010. “Asia-Pacific Nursing Scholarship Development: Qualitative Exploration of Nurse Scholars in Taiwan (Republic of China).” Journal of Clinical Nursing 19: 2601–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Arend, J. 2014. “Bridging the Research/Policy Gap: Policy Officials” Perspectives on the Barriers and Facilitators to Effective Links Between Academic and Policy Worlds.” Policy Studies 35: 611–30. doi: 10.1080/01442872.2014.971731
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Looy, B., M. Ranga, J. Callaert, K. Debackere, and E. Zimmermann. 2004. “Combining Entrepreneurial and Scientific Performance in Academia: Toward a Compounded and Reciprocal Matthew-effect?” Research Policy 33: 425–41. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2003.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vigoda-Gadot, E., L. Eldor, and L. M. Schohat. 2013. “Engage Them to Public Service: Conceptualization and Empirical Examination of Employee Engagement in Public Administration.” The American Review of Public Administration 43: 518–38. doi: 10.1177/0275074012450943
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirsich, A., A. Kock, C. Strumann, and C. Schultz. 2016. “Effects of University–Industry Collaboration on Technological Newness of Firms.” Journal of Product Innovation Management 33: 708–25. doi: 10.1111/jpim.12342
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zemek, M. D. 2008. “The Selection and Preparation of Cooperating Teachers in Music Education.” Journal of Music Teacher Education 17: 7–18. doi: 10.1177/1057083708317619
   Google Scholar