Co-occurrence of West Nile Fever and circovirus infection in a goose flock in Hungary

References

• Bakonyi , T. , Hubálek , Z. , Rudolf , I. and Nowotny , N. 2005 . Novel flavivirus or new lineage of West Nile virus, central Europe . Emerging Infectious Diseases , 11 : 225 – 231 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball , N.W. , Smyth , J.A. , Weston , J.H. , Borghmans , B.J. , Palya , V. , Glávits , R. , Ivanics , É. , Dán , Á. and Todd , D. 2004 . Diagnosis of goose circovirus infection in Hungarian geese samples using polymerase chain reaction and dot blot hybridization tests . Avian Pathology , 33 : 51 – 58 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banet-Noach , C. , Simanov , L. and Malkinson , M. 2003 . Direct (nonvector) transmission of West Nile virus in geese . Avian Pathology , 32 : 489 – 494 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calisher , C.H. , Karabatsos , N. , Dalrymple , J.M. , Shope , R.E. , Porterfield , J.S. , Westaway , E.G. and Brandt , W.E. 1989 . Antigenic relationships between flaviviruses as determined by cross-neutralization tests with polyclonal antisera . Journal of General Virology , 70 ( Pt 1 ) : 37 – 43 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , C.L. , Chang , P.C. , Lee , M.S. , Shien , J.H. , Ou , S.J. and Shieh , H.K . 2003 . Nucleotide sequences of goose circovirus isolated in Taiwan . Avian Pathology , 32 : 165 – 171 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferenczi , E. , Rácz , G. , Faludi , G. , Czeglédi , A. , Mezey , I. & Berencsi , Gy. (2005) . Natural foci of viral zoonoses in Hungary . In NATO Science Series (in press) .
   Google Scholar
• Guy , J.S. and Malkinson , M. 2003 . “ Arbovirus infections ” . In Diseases of Poultry , 11th edn , Edited by: Saif , Y.M. 388 – 398 . Ames : Iowa State University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hayes , C.G. 1989 . “ West Nile Fever ” . In The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology , Edited by: Monath , T.P. Vol. V , 59 – 88 . Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hindiyeh , M. , Shulman , L.M. , Mendelson , E. , Weiss , L. , Grossman , Z. and Bin , H. 2001 . Isolation and characterization of West Nile virus from the blood of viremic patients during the 2000 outbreak in Israel . Emerging Infectious Diseases , 7 ( 4 ) : 748 – 750 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koller , M. , Gresikova , M. , Berencsi , Gy. and Schablik , M. 1969 . Hemagglutination inhibition antibodies to arboviruses in the population of Hajdú-Bihar district, Hungary . Folia Parasitologica , 16 : 75 – 79 .
   Google Scholar
• Lanciotti , R.S. , Roehrig , J.T. , Deubel , V. , Smith , J. , Parker , K. , Steele , K. , Volpe , E. , Crabtree , M.B. , Scherret , J. , Hall , R. , MacKenzie , J. , Cropp , C.B. , Panigrahy , B. , Malkinson , M. , Banet , C. , Weisman , Y. , Komar , N. , Savage , H.M. , Stone , W. , McNamara , T. and Gubler , D.J. 1999 . Origin of the West Nile virus responsible for an outbreak of encephalitis in the northeastern United States . Science , 286 : 2333 – 2337 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanciotti , R.S. , Ebel , G.D. , Deubel , V. , Kerst , A.J. , Murri , S. , Meyer , R. , Bowen , M. , McKinney , N. , Morrill , W.E. , Crabtree , M.B. , Kramer , L.D. and Roehrig , J.T. 2002 . Complete genome sequences and phylogenetic analysis of West Nile virus strains isolated from the United States, Europe, and the Middle East . Virology , 298 : 96 – 105 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malkinson , M. and Banet , C. 2002 . “ The role of birds ecology of West Nile virus in Europe and Africa ” . In Japanese Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology , Edited by: Mackensie , J.S. , Barrett , A.D.T. and Deubel , V. Vol. 267 , 309 – 322 . Berlin & Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Malkinson , M. , Banet , C. , Weisman , Y. , Pokamunski , S. , King , R. , Drouet , M.T. and Deubel , V. 2002 . Introduction of West Nile virus in the Middle East by migrating white storks . Emerging Infectious Diseases , 8 : 392 – 397 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marfin , A.A. , Petersen , L.R. , Eidson , M. , Miller , J. , Hadler , J. , Farello , C. , Werner , B. , Campbell , G.L. , Layton , M. , Smith , P. , Bresnitz , E. , Cartter , M. , Scaletta , J. , Obiri , G. , Bunning , M. , Craven , R.C. , Roehrig , J.T. , Julian , K.G. , Hinten , S.R. , Gubler , D.J. & ArboNET Cooperative Surveillance Group (2001) . Widespread West Nile virus activity, eastern United States, 2000 . Emerging Infectious Diseases , 7 (4) , 730 – 735 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molnár , E. 1982 . Occurence of tick-borne encephalitis and other arboviruses in Hungary . Geographia Medica , 12 : 78 – 120 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murgue , B. , Murri , S. , Zientara , S. , Durand , B. , Durand , J.P. and Zeller , H. 2001 . West Nile outbreak in horses in southern France, 2000: the return after 35 years . Emerging Infectious Diseases , 7 ( 4 ) : 692 – 696 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Office International des Epizooties . (1999) . West Nile fever in Israel in geese . Disease Information , 12 , 166 .
   Google Scholar
• Reed , L.J. and Muench , H. 1938 . A simple method for estimating fifty percent endpoints . American Journal of Hygiene , 27 : 493 – 497 .
   Google Scholar
• Savage , H.M. , Ceianu , C. , Nicolescu , G. , Karabatsos , N. , Lanciotti , R. , Vladimirescu , A. , Laiv , L. , Ungureanu , A. , Romanca , C. and Tsai , T.F. 1999 . Entomologic and avian investigations of an epidemic of West Nile fever in Romania in 1996, with serologic and molecular characterization of a virus isolate from mosquitoes . American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , 61 : 600 – 611 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shope , R.E. and Sather , G.E. 1979 . “ Arboviruses ” . In Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections , 5th edn , Edited by: Lennette , H.E. and Schmidt , N.J. 767 – 814 . Washington, DC : American Public Health Association .
   Google Scholar
• Soike , D. , Köhler , B. and Albrecht , K. 1999 . A circovirus-like infection in geese related to a runting syndrome . Avian Pathology , 28 : 199 – 202 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steele , K.E. , Linn , M.J. , Schoepp , R.J. , Komar , N. , Geisbert , T.W. , Manduce , R.M. , Calle , P.P. , Raphael , N. , Clippinger , T.L. , Larsen , T. , Smith , J. , Lanciotti , R.S. , Panella , N.A. and McNamara , T.S. 2000 . Pathology of fatal West Nile Virus infections in native and exotic birds during the 1999 outbreak in New York City, New York . Veterinary Pathology , 32 : 213 – 216 .
   Google Scholar
• Swayne , D.E. , Beck , J.R. , Smith , C.S. , Shieh , W.J. and Zaki , S.R. 2001 . Fatal encephalitis and myocarditis in young domestic geese (Anser anser domesticus) caused by West Nile virus . Emerging Infectious Diseases , 7 ( 4 ) : 751 – 753 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai , T.F. 2000 . “ Flaviviruses ” . In Principal Diseases , 5th edn , Edited by: Mandell , G.L. , Bennett , J.E. and Dolin , R. 1714 – 1736 . Philadelphia, PA : Churchill Livingstone .
   Google Scholar
• Vaughn , D.W. , Green , S. , Kalayanorooj , S. , Innis , B.L. , Nimmanitya , S. , Suntayakorn , S. , Rothman , A.L. , Ennis , F.A. and Nisalak , A. 1997 . Dengue in the early febrile phase: viremia and antibody responses . Journal of Infectious Diseases , 176 : 322 – 330 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weissenböck , H. , Kolodziejek , J. , Url , A. , Lussy , H. , Rebel-Bauder , B. and Nowotny , N. 2002 . Emergence of Usutu virus, an African mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Japanese encephalitis virus group, central Europe . Emerging Infectious Diseases , 8 : 652 – 656 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeller , H.G. and Schuffnecker , I. 2004 . West Nile virus: an overview of its spread in Europe and the Mediterranean basin in contrast to its spread in the Americas . European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases , 23 : 147 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar