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Avian Pathology Volume 34, 2005 - Issue 5
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Original Articles

Development of a lavage procedure to collect lung secretions from chickens for evaluating respiratory humoral immunity

Peter S. Holt USDA/ARS Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USACorrespondence[email protected]
,
Henry D. Stone USDA/ARS Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
,
Randle W. Moore USDA/ARS Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
&
Richard K. Gast USDA/ARS Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
Pages 396-398 | Received 04 Jan 2005, Published online: 18 Jan 2007

References

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  • Cooper , G.L. , Venables , L.M. and Lever , M.S. 1996 . Airborne challenge of chickens vaccinated orally with the genetically-defined Salmonella enteritidis aroA strain CVL30 . Veterinary Record , 139 : 447 – 448 .
  • Fulton , R.M. , Reed , W.M. and DeNicola , D.B. 1990 . Light microscopic and ultrastructural characterization of cells recovered by respiratory-tract lavage of 2- and 6-week-old chickens . Avian Diseases , 34 : 87 – 98 .
  • Gast , R.K. , Mitchell , B.W. and Holt , P.S. 1998 . Airborne transmission of Salmonella enteritidis infection between groups of chicks in controlled-environment isolation cabinets . Avian Diseases , 42 : 315 – 320 .
  • Holt , P.G. 1979 . Alveolar macrophages. I. A simple technique for the preparation of high numbers of viable alveolar macrophages from small laboratory animals . Journal of Immunological Methods , 27 : 189 – 198 .
  • Holt , P.S. , Gast , R.K. , Porter , R.E. Jr and Stone , H.D. 1999 . Hyporesponsiveness of the systemic and mucosal humoral immune systems in chickens infected with Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis at one day of age . Poultry Science , 78 : 1510 – 1517 .
  • Holt , P.S. , Mitchell , B.W. and Gast , R.K. 1998 . Airborne horizontal transmission of Salmonella enteritidis in molted laying chickens . Avian Diseases , 42 : 45 – 52 .
  • Holt , P.S. , Vaughn , L.E. , Gast , R.K. and Stone , H.D. 2002 . Development of a lavage procedure to collect crop secretions from live chickens for studying crop immunity . Avian Pathology , 31 : 589 – 592 .
  • Leach , S.A. , Williams , A. , Davies , A.C. , Wilson , J. , Marsh , P.D. and Humphrey , T.J. 1999 . Aerosol route enhances the contamination of intact eggs and muscle of experimentally infected laying hens by Salmonella typhimurium DT104 . FEMS Microbiology Letters , 171 : 203 – 207 .
  • Lever , M.S. and Williams , A. 1996 . Cross-infection of chickes by airborne transmission of Salmonella enteritidis PT4 . Letters in Applied Microbiology , 23 : 347 – 349 .
  • McGhee , J.R. , Mestecky , J. , Dertzbaugh , M.T. , Eldridge , J.H. , Hirasawa , M. and Kiyono , H. 1992 . The mucosal immune system: from fundamental concepts to vaccine development . Vaccine , 10 : 75 – 88 .
  • Nakamura , M. , Takagi , M. , Takashi , T. , Suzuki , S. , Sato , S. and Takehara , K. 1997 . The effect of the flow of air on horizontal transmission of Salmonella enteritidis in chickens . Avian Diseases , 41 : 354 – 360 .
  • Shott , S. 1992 . Statistics for Health Professionals , 117 – 119 . Philadelphia : W.B. Saunders .
  • Toth , T.E. , Siegel , P. and Veit , H. 1987 . Cellular defense of the avian respiratory system. Influx of phagocytes: elicitation versus activation . Avian Diseases , 31 : 861 – 867 .

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