Characterization by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis of field and vaccine strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus involved in severe outbreaks

References

• Andreasen , J.R. , Glisson , J.R. and Villegas , P. 1990 . Differentiation of vaccine strains and Georgia field isolates of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by their restriction endonuclease fragment patterns . Avian Diseases , 34 : 646 – 656 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callison , S.A. , Riblet , S.M. , Oldoni , I. , Sun , S. , Zavala , G. Williams , S. 2007 . Development and validation of a real-time Taqman® assay for the detection and quantitation of infectious laryngotracheitis virus in poultry . Journal of Virological Methods , 139 : 31 – 38 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callison , S.A. , Riblet , S.M. , Rodriguez-Avila , A. and García , M. 2009 . Reverse restriction fragment length polymorphism (RRFLP): a novel technique for genotyping infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) live attenuated vaccines . Journal of Virological Methods , 160 : 119 – 124 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chacón , J.L. and Ferreira , A.J.P. 2008 . Development and validation of nested-PCR for the diagnosis of clinical infectious laryngotracheitis . Journal of Virological Methods , 151 : 188 – 193 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chacón , J.L. and Ferreira , A.J.P. 2009 . Differentiation of field isolates and vaccine strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by DNA sequencing . Vaccine , 27 : 6731 – 6738 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chacón , J.L. , Brandão , P.E. , Villarreal , L. , Gama , N. and Ferreira , A.J.P. 2007 . Survey of infectious laryngotracheitis outbreak in chicken layer hens and differential diagnosis with other respiratory pathogens . Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science , 9 : 61 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang , P.C. , Lee , Y.L. , Schien , J.H. and Shieh , H.K. 1997 . Rapid differentiation of vaccine strains and field isolates of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR products . Journal of Virological Methods , 66 : 179 – 186 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chomczynski , P.A. 1993 . A reagent for the single-step simultaneous isolation of RNA, DNA and protein from the cell and tissues samples . Biotechniques , 15 : 532 – 537 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Creelan , J.L. , Calvert , V.M. , Graham , D.A. and McCullough , S.J. 2006 . Rapid detection and characterization from field cases of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by real-time polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism . Avian Pathology , 35 : 173 – 179 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davison , S. , Gingerich , E.N. , Casavant , S. and Eckroade , R. 2006 . Evaluation of the efficacy of a live fowlpox-vectores infectious laryngotracheitis/avian encephalomyelitis vaccine against ILT viral challenge . Avian Diseases , 50 : 50 – 54 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García , M. and Riblet , S.M. 2001 . Characterization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus isolates: demonstration of viral subpopulations within vaccine preparations . Avian Diseases , 45 : 558 – 566 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelenczei , E.F. and Marty , E.W. 1964 . Studies on a tissue-culture modified infectious laryngotracheitis virus . Avian Diseases , 8 : 105 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham , D.A. , McLaren , I.E. , Calvert , V. , Torrens , D. and Meehan , B.M. 2000 . RFLP analysis of recent Northern Ireland isolates of infectious laryngotracheitis virus: comparison with vaccine virus and field isolates from England, Scotland and the Republic of Ireland . Avian Pathology , 29 : 57 – 62 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guy J.S. García M. 2008 Laryngotracheitis In Y.M. Saif J.R. Glisson A.M. Fadly L.R. Mcdougald L.K. Nolan D.E. Swayne Diseases of Poultry , 12th edn 137 152 Ames Iowa State Press
   Google Scholar
• Guy , J.S. , Barnes , H.J. and Smith , L. 1991 . Increased virulence of modified-live infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine virus following bird-to-bird passage . Avian Diseases , 35 : 348 – 355 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han , M.G. and Kim , S.J. 2001 . Analysis of Korean strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus by nucleotide sequences and restriction fragment length polymorphism . Veterinary Microbiology , 83 : 321 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez-Divers , S.M. , Villegas , P. , Jimenez , C. , Hernandez-Divers , S.J. , García , M. Riblet , S.M. 2008 . Backyard chicken flocks pose a disease risk for neotropic birds in Costa Rica . Avian Diseases , 52 : 558 – 566 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes , C.S. , Williams , R. , Gaskell , A. , Jordan , R.M. , Brandbury , F.T. , Bennett , J.M. and Jones , R.C. 1991 . Latency and reactivation of infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine virus . Archives of Virology , 121 : 213 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keeler , C.L. , Hazel , J.W. , Hasting , J.E. and Rosenberger , J.K. 1993 . Restriction endonuclease analysis of Delmarva field isolates of infectious laryngotracheitis virus . Avian Diseases , 37 : 418 – 426 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller , C.L. , Benson , C.E. , Davison , S. and Eckroade , R.J. 1992 . Differences among restriction endonuclease DNA finger of Pennsylvania field isolates, vaccines strains and challenge strains of infectious laryngotracheitis virus . Avian Diseases , 36 : 575 – 581 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick , N. , Mahmoudian , A. , O'Rourke , D. and Noormohammadi , A.H. 2006 . Differentiation of infectious laryngotracheitis virus isolates by restriction fragment length polymorphic analysis of polymerase chain reaction products amplified from multiple genes . Avian Diseases , 50 : 28 – 34 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar , S. , Tamura , I.T. , Jakobsen , I.B. and Nei , M. 2001 . MEGA 2: molecular evolutionary analysis software . Bioinformatics , 17 : 1244 – 1249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leib , D.A. , Bradbury , J.M. , Gaskell , R.M. , Hughes , C.S. and Jones , R.C. 1986 . Restriction endonuclease patterns of some European and American isolates of avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus . Avian Diseases , 30 : 835 – 837 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neff , C. , Sudler , C. and Hoop , R.K. 2008 . Characterization of Western European field isolates and vaccine strains of avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis . Avian Diseases , 52 : 278 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ojkic , D. , Swinton , J. , Vallieres , M. , Martin , E. , Sharipo , J. , Sanei , B. and Binnington , B. 2006 . Characterization of field isolates of infectious laryngotracheitis virus from Ontario . Avian Pathology , 35 : 286 – 292 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldoni , I. and García , M. 2007 . Characterization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus isolates from the United States by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism of multiple genome regions . Avian Pathology , 36 : 167 – 176 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldoni , I. , Rodriguez-Avila , A. , Riblet , S. and García , M. 2008 . Characterization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) isolates from commercial poultry by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) . Avian Diseases , 52 : 59 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roizman , B. 1996 . “ Herpesviridae ” . In Virology , 3rd edn , Edited by: Fields , B.N. , Knipe , D.M. and Howley , P.M. 2221 – 2230 . Philadelphia , PA : Lippincott-Raven .
   Google Scholar
• Samberg , Y. , Cuperstein , E. , Bendheim , U. and Aronovici , I. 1971 . The development of a vaccine against avian infectious laryngotracheitis. IV. Immunization of chickens with a modified laryngotracheitis vaccine in the drinking water . Avian Diseases , 15 : 413 – 417 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , R.A. , Bennett , M. , Bradbury , J.M. , Gaskell , R.M. , Jones , R.C. and Jordan , F.T.W. 1992 . Demonstration of sites of latency of infectious laryngotracheitis virus using the polymerase chain reaction . Journal of General Virology , 73 : 2415 – 2420 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar