Detection of lymphoid leukosis virus infected chickens by testing for group‐specific antigen or virus in feather pulp

References

• Bauer , H. and Janda , H.‐G. 1967 . Group‐specific antigen of avian leukosis viruses. Virus specificity and relation to an antigen contained in Rous mammalian tumor cells . Virology , 33 : 483 – 490 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burmester , B.R. 1955 . Immunity to visceral lymphomatosis in chicks following injection of the virus into dams . Proceedings of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine , 88 : 153 – 155 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crittenden , L.B. 1981 . Exogenous and endogenous leukosis virus genes ‐ A review . Avian Pathology , 10 : 101 – 112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crittenden , L.B. , Gavora , J.S. , Gulvas , F.A. and Gowe , R.S. 1979 . Complete endogenous RNA tumor virus production by inbred and non‐inbred chickens . Avian Pathology , 8 : 125 – 131 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Boer , G.F. , van Vloten , J. and Hartog , L. 1980 . Comparison of complement fixation and phenotypic mixing tests for the detection of lymphoid leukosis virus in egg albumen and embryos of individual eggs . Avian Pathology , 9 : 207 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fadly , A.M. , Okazaki , W. , Smith , E.J. and Crittenden , L.B. 1981 . Relative efficiency of test procedures to detect lymphoid leukosis virus infection . Poultry Science , 60 : 2037 – 2044 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavora , J.S. , Merritt , E.S. , Grunder , A.A. and Gowe , R.S. 1975 . Effects of strain of chickens and vaccination with turkey herpesvirus on Marek's disease and lymphoid leukosis in breeding stocks . British Poultry Science , 16 : 375 – 388 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavora , J.S. , Spencer , J.L. , Gowe , R.S. and Harris , D.L. 1980 . Lymphoid leukosis virus infection. Effects on production and mortality and consequences in selection for high egg production . Poultry Science , 59 : 2165 – 2178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavora , J.S. , Spencer , J.L. and Chambers , J.R. 1982 . Performance of meat‐type chickens test‐positive and ‐negative for lymphoid leukosis virus infection . A vian Pathology , 11 : 29 – 38 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grunder , A.A. , Jeffers , T.K. , Spencer , J.L. , Robertson , A. and Speckmann , G.W. 1972 . Resistance of strains of chickens to Marek's disease . Canadian Journal of Animal Science , 52 : 1 – 10 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okazaki , W. , Purchase , H.G. and Burmester , B.R. 1975 . Phenotypic mixing test to detect and assay avian leukosis viruses . Avian Diseases , 19 : 311 – 317 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne , F.E. , Solomon , J.J. and Purchase , H.G. 1966 . Immunofluorescent studies of group‐specific antigen of the avian leukosis viruses . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (U.S.A.) , 55 : 341 – 349 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne , L.N. The significance of natural group‐specific antigen in chickens . Symposium on Biological Function of Tumor Specific Antigens Induced by Oncogenic Viruses . Prague. pp. 25 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Payne , L.N. , Holmes , A.E. , Howes , K. , Pattison , M. , Pollock , D.L. and Walters , D.E. 1982 . Further studies on the eradication and epizootiology of lymphoid leukosis virus infection in a commercial strain of chickens . Avian Pathology , 11 : 145 – 162 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson , H.L. and Lamoreux , W.F. 1976 . Expression of endogenous ALV antigens and susceptibility to subgroup E ALV in 3 strains of chickens (endogenous avian C‐type virus) . Virology , 69 : 50 – 62 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin , H. , Fanshier , L. , Cornelius , A. and Hughes , W.F. 1962 . Tolerance and immunity in chickens after congenital and contact infection with an avian leukosis virus . Virology , 17 : 143 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarma , P.S. , Turner , H.C. and Heubner , R.J. 1964 . An avian leukosis group‐specific complement‐fixation reaction. Application for the detection and assay of non‐cytopathogenic leukosis viruses . Virology , 23 : 313 – 321 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sever , J.L. 1962 . Application of a microtechnique to viral serological investigations . Journal of Immunology , 88 : 320 – 329 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , E.J. , Fadly , A. and Okazaki , W. 1979 . An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detecting avian leukosis‐sarcoma virus . Avian Diseases , 23 : 698 – 707 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer , J.L. , Crittenden , L.B. , Burmester , B.R. , Okazaki , W. and Witter , R.L. 1977 . Lymphoid leukosis: Interrelations among virus infections in hens, eggs, embryos and chicks . A vian Diseases , 21 : 331 – 345 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer , J.L. , Gavora , J.S. and Gowe , R.S. 1979 . Effect of selection for high egg production in chickens on shedding of lymphoid leukosis virus and gs antigen into eggs . Poultry Science , 58 : 279 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer , J.L. and Gilka , F. in press . Lymphoid leukosis: detection of gs viral antigen in chicken spleens by immunofluorescence and complement fixation . Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine ,
   Google Scholar
• Stephenson , J.R. , Wilsnack , R.E. and Aaronson , S.A. 1973 . Radioimmunoassay for avian C‐type group specific antigen: detection in normal and virus‐transformed cells . Journal of Virology , 11 : 893 – 899 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suni , J. , Hortling , L. and Vaheri , A. 1978 . Selective expression of endogenous and exogenous C‐type viruses in chicken lymphoid tissues . Journal of Clinical Laboratory Immunology , 1 : 37 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Villegas , P. and Purchase , H. G. 1980 . “ Titration of biologic suspensions ” . In Isolation and identification of avian pathogens , Edited by: Hitchner , S.B. , Domermuth , C.H. , Purchase , H.G. and Williams , J.E. 124 – 128 . The American Association of Avian Pathologists .
   Google Scholar
• Weyl , K.G. and Dougherty , R.M. 1977 . The contact transmission of avian leukosis virus . Journal of the National Cancer Institute , 58 : 1019 – 1025 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Witter , R.L. , Calnek , B. W. and Levine , P.P. 1966 . Influence of natural occurring maternal antibody on visceral lymphomatosis virus infection in chickens . A vian Diseases , 10 : 43 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar