References
References and Notes
- Osler D 2000 Crew firms tap Chinese market Lloyd's List 14 November
- Almazan A 2002 Looking for cheaper seafarers Lloyd's Ship Manager January/February
- LLOYD’S LIST 2000 Chinese crews set to increase Lloyd's List 23 October
- LLOYD’S LIST 2000 China a burgeoning supplier of crew despite lingering doubts Lloyd's List 9 November
- LLOYD’S LIST 2001 Philippines challenged on manning supremacy: the future source of labour for the shipping industry is a continuous concern for those in manning and crewing Lloyd's List 27 November
- Li , KX and Wonham , J . 1999 . Who mans the world fleet?: a follow-up to the BIMCO/ ISF manpower survey . Maritime Policy & Management , 26 ( 3 ) : 295 – 303 .
- Gong YP 2000 The key points for the Chinese seamen to go into the international labour, in Chinese China Ocean Monthly 11 COSCO
- Zhao MH 2000 Chinese Seafarers at the end of the 20th Century’ Seaways February
- Gong YP 2000 The key points for the Chinese seamen to go into the international labour, in Chinese China Ocean Monthly 11 COSCO
- Gong YP 2001 Discussion on the situation of Chinese seaman export (in Chinese) China Ocean Monthly 6 COSCO
- LLOYD’S LIST 2001 China's long march Lloyd's List 16 August
- Li SM 2001 Good prospects of China's seaman export, in Chinese China Ocean Monthly 7 COSCO
- Chen LF 2002 Issues and policy suggestions for improving the management of China's labour export, 16 March, posted on China Internet Network Online: http://www.China.come.org.cn
- Zhao , MH . 2002 . The consequences of China's socialist market economy for seafarers . Work, Employment and Society , 16 ( 1 ) : 171 – 183 .
- LLOYD’S LIST 2003 Solving the Chinese puzzle Lloyd's List 26 February
- Wu B 2002 Chinese seafarers in the global labour market: a focus on the seafarers export, paper presented to British Ships in China Seas A Society for Nautical Research Conference Liverpool 17–20 September
- Wu B 2004 Flow of Chinese Seafarers in the Era of Market Economy: A Report of Survey in the Port of Hong Kong, Seafarers’ International Research Centre (SIRC), Cardiff University, forthcoming
- Hope R 1989 A New History of British Shipping London John Murray
- Benton G Pieke FN 1998 The Chinese in Europ Basingstoke Hampshire Macmillan
- Chinese Navigation Association (CNA) 1989 History of Chinese Navigation Beijing Renmin Jiaotong (in Chinese)
- Ministry Of Communications Of China (MOC) 2001 China's Shipping: A Development Report of Year 2000 Beijing MOC http://www.moc.gov.cn/shuiluys/ shuiluys.htm
- LLOYD’S REGISTER FAIRPLAY World Fleet Statistics with Register of Ships, on CD-ROM, published annually and quarterly respectively Redhill UK Lloyd's Register Fairplay
- Gong YP 2001 Discussion on the situation of Chinese seaman export (in Chinese) China Ocean Monthly 6 COSCO
- LLOYD’S LIST 2001 Philippines challenged on manning supremacy: the future source of labour for the shipping industry is a continuous concern for those in manning and crewing Lloyd's List 27 November
- Xin M 1998 Recent development in China's labour market, a paper to China Update 1998 Conference National Centre for Development Studies, The Australian National University
- International Labour Organization (ILO) 2001 China: Labour Market and Income inequality Geneva ILO http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/ses/info/database/china.htm
- Social and Economic Policy Institute (SEPI) 2002 Overview of current labour market conditions in China, posted to Global Policy Network (GPN) on 14 January http://www.GlobalPolicyNetwork.org
- Chai P 2000 Do you know about Chinese seafarers? A report from interviews (in Chinese) Chinese Youth Daily 15 November, http://www.clibrary.com
- Wu B 2002 Chinese seafarers in the global labour market: a focus on the seafarers export, paper presented to British Ships in China Seas A Society for Nautical Research Conference Liverpool 17–20 September
- Gong YP 2001 Discussion on the situation of Chinese seaman export (in Chinese) China Ocean Monthly 6 COSCO
- Li SM 2001 Good prospects of China's seaman export, in Chinese China Ocean Monthly 7 COSCO
- Shen G 2001 Seafarers’ labour market in China: an overall view, a report submitted to the Global Seafaring Labour Market Working Meeting, SIRC, Cardiff University 30 June
- Wen H 2002 Toward a forward of Chinese seafarers’ export (in Chinese) China Ocean Monthly 3 COSCO
- Wu B 2003 Chinese seafarers and the global labour market Seaways October
- Ibid
- Information of seafarers’ income in the questionnaire survey was arranged by 8 levels from less than US$400, 400–600 to 1500–2000 and greater than 2000. To gain an estimation of Chinese seafarers’ income and distribution, an interval variable is introduced through a median value instead of the rank variable used in figure 5. In the case of the two ends, $300 and $2100 replace <400 and >2000 respectively
- It would not be surprising, according to this survey, if the contract a seafarer signs with a crewing agency is actually involved in many agencies between himself and the shipping company. In some cases, a crewing agency who organizes a whole crew for its client may ask other agencies to identify one or two seafarers who are not available from their own waiting lists. In other cases, some agencies may not have their own seafarers at all but concentrate on finding clients in international shipping and then filling the supply through crewing agencies. As a result, the seafarer's income is largely dependent upon the number of ‘contract chains’ between him and the ship owner or shipping company