References
- Richards C, Rosen J, Hannaford B, et al. Skills evaluation in minimally invasive surgery using force/torque signatures. Surg Endosc. 2000;14:791–798.
- Satava RM. Surgical education and surgical simulation. World J Surg. 2001;25:1484–1489.
- Szekely G, Brechbuhler C, Hutter R, et al. Modelling of soft tissue deformation for laparoscopic surgery simulation. Med Image Anal. 2000;4:57–66.
- Miller K. Method of testing very soft biological tissues in compression. J Biomech. 2005;38:153–158.
- Najarian S, Afshari E. Applications of robots in surgery. In: Tiwari R, Shukla A, editors. Intelligent medical technologies and biomedical engineering: tools and applications. New York (NY): IGI Global; 2010. p. 41–59.
- Najarian S, Fallahnezhad M, Afshari E. Advances in medical robotic systems with specific applications in surgery-a review. J Med Eng Technol. 2011;35:19–33.
- Schostek S, Schurr MO, Buess GF. Review on aspects of artificial tactile feedback in laparoscopic surgery. Med Eng Phys. 2009;31:887–898.
- Dargahi J, Najarian S, Ramezanifard R. Graphical display of tactile sensing data with application in minimally invasive surgery. Can J Electr Comput Eng. 2007;32:151–155.
- Westebring van der Putten EP, Goossens RH, Jakimowicz JJ, et al. Haptics in minimally invasive surgery – a review. Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2008;17:3–16.
- Tholey G, Desai JP, Castellanos AE. Force feedback plays a significant role in minimally invasive surgery: results and analysis. Ann Surg. 2005;241:102–109.
- Najarian S, Dargahi J, Mehrizi A. Artificial tactile sensing in biomedical engineering. New York (NY): McGraw Hill; 2009. p. 49–72.
- Najarian S, Dargahi J, Darbemamieh G, et al. Mechatronics in medicine; a biomedical engineering approach. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill; 2011. p. 112–165.
- Hosseini SM, Towliat Kashani SM, Najarian S, et al. A medical tactile sensing instrument for detecting embedded objects, with specific application for breast examination. Int J Med Robot Comp. 2010;6:73–82.
- Mojra A, Najarian S, Towliat Kashani SM, et al. A novel haptic robotic viscogram for characterizing viscoelastic behavior of breast tissue in clinical examinations. Int J Med Robot Comp. 2011;7:282–292.
- Mojra A, Najarian S, Towliat Kashani SM, et al. A novel robotic tactile mass detector with application in clinical breast examination. Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2012;21:210–221.
- Afshari E, najarian S, Simforoosh N, et al. Design and fabrication of a novel tactile sensory system applicable in artificial palpation. Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2011;20:22–29.
- Abouei A, Najarian S, Khodambashi R, et al. A novel method of tactile assessment of arteries using computational approach. Int J Acad Res. 2011;3:1059–1064.
- Abouei A, Moini M, Afshari E, et al. Application of artificial palpation in vascular surgeries for detection of peripheral arterial stenosis. J Med Eng Technol. 2014;38:169–178.
- Wells PN, Liang HD. Medical ultrasound: imaging of soft tissue strain and elasticity. J R Soc Interface. 2011;8:1521–1549.
- Mariappan YK, Glaser KJ, Ehman RL. Magnetic resonance elastography: a review. Clin Anat. 2010;23:497–511.
- Van Dommelen JAW, Van der Sande TPJ, Hrapko M, et al. Mechanical properties of brain tissue by indentation: interregnal variation. J Mech Behav Biomed. 2010;3:158–166.
- Ottensmeyer MP. In vivo measurement of solid organ visco-elastic properties. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2002;85:328–333.
- Kauer M, Vuskovic V, Dual J, et al. Inverse finite element characterization of soft tissues. Med Image Anal. 2002;6:275–287.
- Nava A, Mazza E, Furrer M, et al. In vivo mechanical characterization of human liver. Med Image Anal. 2008;12:203–216.
- Tholey G, Pillarisetti A, Green W, et al. Direct 3-D force measurment capability in an auto-mated laparoscopic grasper. Proceedings of EuroHaptics; 2004; Munich, Germany.
- Vakili K, Flander MS, Teo GSL. Design and testing of a pressure sensing laparoscopic grasper. Proceedings of the Design of Medical Devices Conference; 2011 Apr 12?14; Minneapolis, MN.
- Rosen J, Brown D, De S, et al. Biomechanical properties of abdominal organs in vivo and postmortem under compression loads. J Biomech Eng. 2008;130:021020.
- Mirbagheri A, Farahmand F. A triple-jaw actuated and sensorized instrument for grasping large organs during minimally invasive robotic surgery. Int J Med Robotics Comput Assist Surg. 2013;9:83–93.
- Mirbagheri A, Farahmand F. Design, analysis, and experimental evaluation of a novel three-fingered endoscopic large-organ grasper. J Med Devices. 2013;7:025001.
- Jeong WK, Lim HK, Lee HK, et al. Principles and clinical application of ultrasound elastography for diffuse liver disease. Ultrasonography. 2014;33:149–160.
- Hu T, Desai JP. Characterization of soft-tissue material properties: large deformation analysis. In: Cotin S, Metaxas D, editors. Medical simulation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; 2004. p. 28–37.
- Vuskovic V, Kauer M, Székely G, et al. Realistic force feedback for virtual reality based diagnostic surgery simulators. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotic and Atoumation; 2000; San Francisco, CA.
- Nisbett B. Shigley’s mechanical engineering design. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill; 2008. p. 650–660.